Interestingly, the number of algae depends entirely on the environmental conditions we set for the aquarium. Sometimes our environment is suitable for aquatic plants or fish to survive, and natural algae are less, or invisible to the naked eye. On the contrary, if we ignore the environment in which we operate, or the conditions are wrong, then algae just occupy the right position at the right time, live in harmony with people and multiply in large numbers. Generally, the last thing we want to see is this kind of aquarium flooded with algae countries. Therefore, it is entirely in our hands that algae should be more or less, rather than algae growing casually. Even black algae (or brush algae) don't just grow in a gorgeous aquarium with strong photosynthesis.
Because the basic conditions for the establishment of aquatic plant tanks must conform to the competitive advantage of aquatic plant survival, so that our living environment is as good as a fairy. In contrast, algae are not only forced to compare, but also have no chance to reproduce. As for the basic conditions that must be mastered? The following points can be used as an important reference:
Relative ray intensity
First, the choice of light source.
One of the main reasons for the success or failure of a water plant pool comes from the choice of light source and the energy promoter of this pool. The light source must have the correct spectrum and sufficient light to provide basic conditions for the growth of aquatic plants, and the spectrum must conform to the growth spectrum of aquatic plants, which is precisely the most disgusting spectrum of algae. The antagonistic relationship between the living conditions of this species is highlighting the balance mechanism of nature. The color temperature spectrum around 3200 K 200 K is the most suitable spectral choice for photosynthesis. At this room temperature, keep enough light. Scientifically speaking, it should be described by Lu Min, but this unit is not commonly used in the aquarium industry, so in a word, the following table can roughly explain the amount of light required by the aquarium. However, the data in this table are based on valid and correct spectra.
Second, the setting of water quality conditions
Most people who are eager to grow aquatic plants may know everything, but the water quality is often ignored or unknown, which leads to the poor growth of aquatic plants at first, and then a large number of algae broke out, and the love for aquatic plants ended somehow. In fact, as long as you master the hardness conditions of water quality, you can generally get into the right path, just like raising marine fish, you must use seawater, whether natural or artificial, so that no one wants to raise Kingdee and Faxianfish in the Red Sea with fresh water! The hardness condition in the aquatic plant box is also very important. Generally, we are used to using German hardness dGH as the unit. It is suggested that the hardness setting of aquatic plant tank is more suitable for all aquatic plants, about 7 degrees. However, for aquatic plants such as Liu Zhonghe Liu Hong, it is safer to increase the hardness setting by 2 degrees (7-9 degrees). This condition is not easy for beginners to make mistakes. Of course, for experienced players, because they do what they want without affecting the growth of aquatic plants, the hardness condition can be increased or decreased according to personal needs. The hardness improvement method in the market can choose an ingot-shaped hardness improvement ingot and use carbon dioxide to catalyze the reaction, so that the total hardness and carbonic acid hardness (dGH) of aquatic plants can be obtained for a long time.
According to the example in the table below, the total water volume of a 4-foot (4×2×2-foot) cylinder is about 400 liters. If the strong light is taken as an example, the light quantity is about 400× 0.5 ~ 400× 0.7 = 200 ~ 280 W, while the light quantity of ordinary haypots is mostly based on the light quantity between medium light and strong light, and halogen (or
Third, sufficient carbon dioxide.
Maybe many people will say, "I play CO2 on time every day!" But whether it is right or enough, it will not be so satisfactory, because the lack of carbon dioxide can not promote the photosynthesis of aquatic plants, and the competitive advantage of aquatic plants will naturally decrease. At this time, algae often float up and occupy the whole aquatic plant pool in large quantities, and aquatic plants will be covered one by one and die.
Whether CO2 is enough or not depends on manual and visual experience. Please regularly test whether the CO2 in the water is enough with drops every 2-3 days, because with the growth of aquatic plants, the CO2 required by the aquatic plant water tank changes every day. Even if the water is changed, the concentration of CO2 pumped daily will change. It is suggested that the CO2 concentration in the water tank should be at least 20-25 ppm, or even 35ppm. CO2 concentration can be monitored by a so-called long-term indicator, but the service life should be careful, because this indicator needs to be replaced regularly, otherwise when there is a false alarm, it is time for algae to grow!
Four, enough water and grass nutrients
To grow aquatic plants well, of course, we must supply good nutrition. Generally speaking, base fertilizer for roots and liquid fertilizer for leaves are mainly used. A good nutrition system provides nutrition for aquatic plants, but not for algae. Whether the proportion and formula of nutrients are correct or not is related to the balance of the whole aquatic plant tank. The more nutrition, the stronger the better. This is an incorrect concept. Good nutrition is just right and can be used up. Excess residual elements are naturally utilized by algae without using aquatic plants. Therefore, a good nutrition system is aimed at the development and research of aquatic plant tanks. A lot of fertilizer elements together can only be said to be a kind of fertilizer.
Long-term use of base fertilizer to supply nutrients to the roots of aquatic plants can last for a long time. However, when aquatic plants are overgrown, root nutrition will be too late to supply. At this time, for aquatic plants with developed roots, such as Jiuguancao, Egg Leaf, Liu Zhong, Liu Hong, etc. The roots must be supplemented with extra nutrients, such as the special nutrition ingot designed by the ingot, which can be planted in the sand regularly to maintain the vigorous growth of such aquatic plants.
Five, the correct filtering
It is suggested that the filtration of aquatic plant pond should be mainly closed barrel filtration, and the filtration device with waterfall flow or severe aeration should be adopted, which can not only ensure the index concentration of CO2 in aquatic plant pond, but also ensure that this 24-hour high oxygen environment is the best environment for algae reproduction.
Generally speaking, algae like to grow in an environment with strong water flow and high dissolved oxygen. If you remember from experience, Chaetoceros generally grows at the outlet of the filter. With or without sprinklers, the faster the water flow, the more Chaetoceros. Therefore, in the case of proper use of filter materials, the water output and filtration capacity of the filter barrel are not as large as possible, but the effective filtration efficiency of the nitrifying bacteria system should be emphasized. Generally speaking, it is suggested that the filtration capacity per hour is 2-3 times of the total water capacity of the aquatic plant pond. Excessive water yield will lead to insufficient CO2 in aquatic plant tanks or excessive dissolved oxygen all day, which will lead to algae growth. However, the smaller the bucket, the greater the water output is not enough to form effective filtration, because nitrifying bacteria can't have enough time for nitrification. In this case, the environmental conditions created are obviously too conducive to the survival and competition of algae, and aquatic plants grow poorly.
A large number of algae will hinder the normal growth of aquatic plants, and the breeding of algae will affect the overall landscape of aquatic plant fish tanks.
Of course, if the above conditions are perfectly mastered, the algae problem is certainly not a problem at all, but it seems a bit demanding for novices, and at the same time, we should take into account the above points. In addition to being careful, the ability to choose equipment and practical experience may be the first two practical problems for beginners. So even if you are careful, algae will grow before you! And once it grows, it almost grows all the way from now on until it can't be cleaned up.
Next, the problem we face is how to remove all kinds of annoying algae, because how to beat them hard has become the most realistic problem when prevention has failed.
To remove algae, I'm afraid we must first understand the kinds of algae that often breed in water tanks. The most common is the brown attached algae stuck on the glass inside the tank wall, which is a kind of algae species that can be easily removed. The reason is that the nitrate content in water is too high, which leads to a large number of proliferation.
The second is a green tufted algae, which belongs to higher green algae and often appears on aquatic plants. Its expansion speed is slow and does not seem to pose a threat. However, after being manually removed, some of its tiny broken filamentous algae still "live" among the overgrown aquatic plants, such as LYSIMACHIA, antler crown and ink silk, waiting for opportunities at any time, so there is a sense of powerlessness that never completely consumes them in the wildfire, and they grow taller in the spring breeze. Get rid of it today, and you will see clumps of green algae gathering gradually tomorrow and the day after tomorrow.
The third kind is green filamentous algae, but unlike the above-mentioned green hairy algae, one end of it will attach to the leaves of aquatic plants, and the other end will sway with the water flow and gradually flow and grow. Its ecological characteristics are the same as those of Chlorella, and it is also the type that wildfire never completely consumes them. In a German magazine, this algae is listed as an indicator of "good water quality and healthy growth of aquatic plants", so I don't know whether to congratulate you or sympathize with you when I see this algae! In fact, these three filamentous algae can also be subdivided into coarse filamentous algae and filamentous algae. The main characters mentioned above refer to coarse species, but filamentous algae can't reflect the health status of aquarium like filamentous algae. Because this filamentous Chaetomium often appears in some aquariums with poor breeding conditions, and the silk is very long, it is often dubbed as "flying a kite"!
The fourth common algae is the most annoying black hair algae or brush algae. It's actually a kind of red algae. When the phosphate or nitrate in the water is too high, coupled with powerful water flow or air filtration equipment, it will quickly appear and occupy a corner of the water tank. Of course, no one can survive the aquatic plants. At this time, even if the phosphoric acid and nitrate are reduced to zero by changing water, this black-headed algae will not disappear, but the expansion speed will be slower, so it is generally the case.
It is easy and difficult to remove the algae mentioned above, but the following countermeasures are definitely worthy of reference. Different levels of countermeasures must be used together to solve the algae problem!
First, the physical removal method:
For example, the brown algae layer on the glass wall can be easily removed with a soft cloth or a triangular plate, and the algae on the leaves can be wiped off with your fingers. At this time, with the help of changing water for maintenance, algae spores can be diluted in large quantities. But please don't forget that the fundamental problem is that there are too many nutrients left in the water, such as nitrate. Good filtration, correct light source and less feeding are the most fundamental solutions. As for the second and third kinds of green algae and filamentous algae, they can be removed by hand or attached with a brush, which can quickly remove a large number of algae, but it can only cure the symptoms.
Second, the biological control method:
Adding algae-eating organisms to eat overgrown algae is the most peaceful and ecologically balanced algae control method. There are elves suitable for putting algae-eating fish in the aquarium, which is suitable for removing brown algae layer. Green-coated mice are also a good choice, but adult fish are relatively large, and sometimes they crush some delicate grass skills during rest. Epalzeoryhnchussiamensis, a fish that eats algae, is highly recommended. It has a strong ability to eat algae, and green and filamentous algae are its favorite. As long as the place attached to it is enough to provide a force point for it to bite down, such as the surface of stones and dead wood, it will do its duty-peck it, but I'm afraid the black algae on the leaves can't be eradicated because of the lack. It is emphasized here that don't choose (Epalzeorhynchus kallopterus) Thai flying fox, because it has a low chance of eating algae and likes delicious feed, so don't make a mistake! However, the number of golden flying foxes on the market is very small, and there are few opportunities to appear. I'm afraid I will visit the aquarium more often!
The shrimp that eats algae can choose the most common black shell shrimp, which is responsible for removing the sediments in the fish tank, making it difficult for algae to reproduce. In addition, Macrobrachium yamato is a master of eating filamentous algae and a good shrimp for aquatic plants. Shrimps that are basically not aggressive, have no chelates, and are not too big can be included in the list.
Third, the anti-drug law
When all the control methods have no satisfactory results, the use of chemicals containing algae removal ingredients may be the last line of defense: the brand and functionality must be carefully selected when choosing algae control agents. Some commercial brands not only weed but also weed, which is a terrible thing. If the whole tank of aquatic plants is destroyed, I'm afraid it's not worth the loss! Well-designed algaecides often have effective effects in stages. For example, according to the application method, filamentous algae that can be easily removed can be removed in the first stage or course of treatment, persistent green algae can be removed in the second course of treatment, and the most troublesome black algae can be removed in the third course of treatment. Different treatments can be given to different algae bodies in turn to ensure the effective control of algae bodies and spores. More importantly, how to design safely can ensure the life safety of aquatic plants and fish, so that algae can be completely removed and returned to the aquatic plant tank.