"Shui Tiao Ge Tou: When will the bright moon come" was written by Su Shi, a great writer of the Song Dynasty, during the Mid-Autumn Festival in Mizhou in 1076 AD (the ninth year of Xining, Shenzong of the Song Dynasty). This poem is based on the rise of the moon and the relationship between Su Che and his brother Su Che who have not seen each other for seven years. It revolves around the Mid-Autumn Moon and unfolds imagination and thinking. It incorporates the joys and sorrows of the world into the philosophical pursuit of the universe and life, reflecting the author's The complex and contradictory thoughts and feelings also show the author's love for life and positive and optimistic spirit. Below is the water tune song "When Will the Bright Moon" be released that I collected and compiled? Everyone is welcome to read and refer to it.
Shui Tiao Ge Tou·When will the bright moon appear
Song Dynasty: Su Shi
Bingchen Mid-Autumn Festival, drinking happily until the end of the day, getting drunk, writing this article, and pregnant with a child Depend on.
When will the bright moon appear? Ask the sky for wine. I don’t know what year it is today in the palace in the sky. I want to ride the wind back home, but I am afraid that it will be cold in the high places. Dance and clear the shadow, how can it be like being in the human world? (What is like? One word: when; and one word: fear. One word: only / only fear)
Turn to the Zhu Pavilion, lower the Qihu, the light will make you sleepless. There shouldn't be any hatred, so what's the point of saying goodbye? People have joys and sorrows, separations and reunions, and the moon waxes and wanes. This is a difficult thing in ancient times. I hope that people will live long and travel thousands of miles to meet Chanjuan. (Chang Xiang Yi Zuo: Bias)
Translation
On the Mid-Autumn Festival of the Bingchen year, I drank happily until the next morning. I got drunk and wrote this poem. I miss my brother Su Che.
When did the bright moon begin to appear? I picked up my wine glass and asked the sky. I don’t know what year or month it is in the palace in the sky. I want to ride the cool breeze back to the sky, but I'm afraid I can't stand the cold for nine days in a building made of beautiful jade. Dancing gracefully and admiring the clear shadows under the moon, it doesn't feel like you are in the human world.
The moon turned around the vermilion pavilion and hung low on the carved windows, illuminating myself who was not sleepy. The bright moon shouldn't have any resentment towards people. Why does it become full only when people leave? People undergo changes in joys and sorrows, and the moon undergoes changes in waxing and waning. This kind of thing has been difficult to fully understand since ancient times. I just hope that all the loved ones in this world can be safe and healthy, and that they can enjoy this beautiful moonlight even if they are thousands of miles apart.
Notes
1 Bingchen: refers to 1076 AD (the ninth year of Xining, Shenzong of the Song Dynasty). In this year, Su Shi served as the prefect of Mizhou (now Zhucheng City, Shandong Province).
2 Dadan: Until dawn.
3 Ziyu: The name of Su Zhe, Su Shi’s younger brother.
4. Pick up the wine glass. Hold, hold, hold.
5 Heavenly Palace (què): refers to the palace in the middle of the moon. Que, the stone platform behind the ancient city wall.
6 Go back: Go back, here refers to return to the moon palace.
7 Qiong (qióng) Lou Yuyu: A building made of beautiful jade, referring to the imaginary fairy palace.
8 无胜 (shèng, pronounced shēng in the old days): Unable to withstand it. Win: bear, endure.
9. Clear the shadow: It means that the figure under the moonlight also makes various dancing postures. Nong: enjoy playing.
10 He is like: How like, how can it be compared.
11 Turning around the Zhu Pavilion, the low Qi (qǐ) household shines on the sleepless people: The moon moves, turns around the vermilion pavilion, hangs low on the carved windows, and shines on the sleepless people ( referring to the poet himself). Zhu Pavilion: A gorgeous vermilion pavilion. Kito: Doors and windows with ornate carvings.
12 There shouldn’t be any hatred, why should it be long (cháng) to be rounded when we say goodbye: (Yueer) shouldn’t have any resentment (toward people), why should it be rounded when people are separated? What: Why.
13 This matter: refers to the "huan" and "he" of people and the "clear" and "round" of the moon.
14 But: only.
15 Thousands of Miles*** Chan (chán) Juan (juān): I just hope that the two of you will be safe every year, and that even though they are thousands of miles apart, they can still enjoy the beautiful moonlight together. ***: Let’s enjoy it together. Chanjuan: refers to the moon
Appreciation
This word is written to look at the moon and cherish people during the Mid-Autumn Festival, expressing the infinite memory of my brother Su Che. The poet uses image description techniques to outline an atmosphere of a bright moon in the sky, relatives thousands of miles away, and loneliness, which contrasts his own mood of independence from the world and the drunkenness of the past. He wrote this article with his children in mind.
"Bingchen was in 1076 AD (the ninth year of Xining, Shenzong of the Northern Song Dynasty). At that time, Su Shi was working as a prefect in Mizhou (today's cities in Shandong). On the night of the Mid-Autumn Festival, he drank while admiring the moon until dawn, so he composed this song "Water" "Tiao Ge Tou". Throughout his life, Su Shi focused on advocating Confucianism and paying attention to practical matters. However, he also "loved Taoism". After middle age, he once expressed his "return to Buddhism" and was often entangled in Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism. Whenever he was frustrated, Lao Zhuang's thoughts rose to help him explain the confusion of Qingtong's advance and retreat. In 1071 AD (the fourth year of Xining), he promoted officials from Kaifeng Prefecture to judge Hangzhou in order to avoid power. The whirlpool of political disputes in Bianjing was transferred to Mizhou in 1074 AD (the seventh year of Xining). Although it was voluntary, he was still in the position of being ignored by the outside world, although he showed some open-mindedness at that time. , and it is difficult to conceal the deep anger in the heart. This Mid-Autumn Festival poem is the sublimation and summary of this dangerous experience in official life. For the author of "Honor the Lord and the People", separation of siblings and personal relationships are, after all, secondary ethical loads compared to the country's worries about border troubles. This point is deeply hinted in the preface.
In natural scenery, the moon is very romantic, and it can easily inspire people's artistic associations. A crescent moon can be associated with budding things; a full moon can be associated with beautiful things. Reunion life; the brightness of the moon reminds people of an upright personality. Su Shi is a writer with a bold personality and romantic temperament. At that time, his thoughts and feelings seemed to have grown wings, soaring freely in the sky and on earth, thus forming a bold and unrestrained style.
This poem looks at the moon, full of joy and excitement. , yet down-to-earth and elegant, it raises a question at the beginning: When did the bright moon begin to appear? "When did the bright moon appear?" Ask the sky for wine. "The detail of "asking wine to the sky" is similar to Qu Yuan's "Tianwen" and Li Bai's "asking wine to the moon". The obsession with asking questions and the escape of thoughts do have a similar concentration of essence, energy and spirit. In terms of creative motivation, the majestic poetry of Qu Yuan's "Heavenly Questions" with more than 170 questions came from his wandering in the mountains and rivers, experiencing the tombs and land, and looking up at the "pictures of heaven, earth, mountains and rivers" in the Temple of the Former Kings of Chu and the Gongqing Ancestral Hall. "Gods" and "ancient sages and monsters acted" and then "asked about them" (Wang Yi's "Chapter of Chu Ci: Preface to Tianwen"). It is the product of the excitement of the situation. Li Bai's "Wine to Ask the Moon" poem self-note It is: "My old friend Jia Chun ordered me to ask about it. "It is also a work of improvisation and nostalgia. As mentioned in the preface, Su Shi's poem is a rhapsody about looking at the moon in the Mid-Autumn Festival and drinking happily after the end of the night. It is also a "work of idleness" (Wang Guowei's "Human Words"). They are all From the perspective of creative psychology, Qu Yuan was already "sighing Hao Min, looking up to the sky and sighing" (Wang Yi's "Chapter and Sentences of Chu: Preface to Heaven"). In a mental state of emotional ecstasy, he asked the sky, "It seems like madness but not madness, and he is extremely angry and sad" (Hu Junyuan's "New Notes on Chu Ci") "I only hope that the moonlight will always shine when singing and drinking." "In the golden bottle" ("Wine to Ask the Moon"), the exuberant mood of frustration and despair can also be heard. Su Shi composed this poem in the Bingchen year, when he invited himself to be appointed as Mizhou because of his opposition to Wang Anshi's new law. . There is a strong concern for the political situation of the imperial court, and a complicated mood of looking forward to returning to Bianjing. Therefore, it is the Mid-Autumn Festival, and they are drunk, and their moods are full of rhythm in the decline. The creative psychology of the three people is really connected. .
Su Shi regarded the blue sky as his friend and asked him about wine, which showed his bold character and extraordinary courage. Li Bai's poem "Asking the Moon about Wine" said: "When will the moon come to the blue sky?" I'll stop drinking and ask. "However, Li Bai's tone here is more soothing, while Su Shi's tone is more concerned and urgent because he wants to fly to the moon palace. "When will the bright moon come? "This question is very interesting. It seems to be tracing the origin of the bright moon and the origin of the universe; and it seems to be marveling at the ingenuity of creation. Readers can feel the poet's praise and yearning for the bright moon.
Next Two sentences: "I don't know what year it is today in the palace in the sky. "Praise and yearning for the bright moon have been pushed to another level. Many years have passed since the birth of the bright moon. I don't know what kind of day it will be tonight in the moon palace. The poet imagined that it must be a good day , that’s why the moon is so round and so bright.
He really wanted to take a look, so he went on to say: "I want to ride the wind back, but I am afraid that the high places will be too cold." People in the Tang Dynasty called Li Bai the "Exiled Immortal", and Huang Tingjian called Su Shi and Li Bai the "two brothers". "Relegated to immortality", Su Shi himself also imagined that he was a man in the moon in his previous life, so he thought of "returning by the wind". He wanted to take advantage of the wind and fly to the Moon Palace, but he was afraid that the towers and jade buildings there would be too high and he would not be able to withstand the cold there. "Qionglou Yuyu" comes from "The Supplementary Notes of Daye": "Qu Qianyou was playing with the moon on the bank of the river, or what is there in it? Qu Xiao said: 'You can follow me to see it.' I saw that the moon was half a sky, Qionglou "The jade world is so cold" is an allusion from "Miscellaneous Records of the Emperor Ming": On the night of August 15th, Ye Jingneng invited Emperor Ming to visit the Moon Palace. Before leaving, Ye asked him to wear leather clothes. When we arrived at the Moon Palace, it was indeed too cold to stand. These lines clearly describe the coldness of the moon palace, implying the brightness of the moonlight, and implicitly express the ambivalence of yearning for heaven and nostalgia for earth. There are two words worth noting here, namely "go back" in "I want to ride the wind back". Flying into the sky and entering the moon, why is it said to be returning? Maybe it's because Su Shi longed for the bright moon and had already regarded it as his destination. Judging from Su Shi's thoughts, he was deeply influenced by Taoism, held a detached attitude towards life, and liked Taoist health-preserving techniques, so he often had the idea of ????reborn and becoming an immortal. His "Qian Chibi Fu" describes the ethereal feeling when boating under the moonlight: "It's as vast as Feng Xu riding the wind without knowing where it stops; it's like being left alone in the world, becoming immortal and ascending to immortality. "It also comes from looking at the moon and thinking of ascending to immortality, which can be corroborated with this poem. The reason why the poet has this fantasy of being separated from the world and transcending nature comes from his curiosity about the mysteries of the universe on the one hand, and more importantly, his dissatisfaction with the real world on the other hand. There are so many unsatisfactory and unsatisfactory things in the world, forcing the poet to imagine getting rid of this troubled world and living a free and easy life as a fairy in a beautiful palace. Su Shi was later demoted to Huangzhou, and he often had similar thoughts. He said, "The boat will pass away from now on, and the rest of my life will be left in the rivers and seas." However, in the poem, this is just a plan. Before it can be unfolded, it is interrupted by another opposite thought: "I am afraid that the high places will be too cold." These two sentences make a sharp turn. Although the "Qionglou Yuyu" in the sky is magnificent and beautiful, it is too cold and unbearable to live there for a long time. The poet deliberately found out the flaws in heaven to strengthen his determination to stay on earth. One positive and one negative further reveals the poet's love for human life. At the same time, the Mid-Autumn Moonscape is still written here. Readers can appreciate the beauty of the moon and the coldness of the moonlight. This turning point expresses the poet's ambivalence of nostalgia for the world and longing for heaven. This kind of contradiction can more deeply explain the poet's thoughts and feelings of nostalgia for the world and love of life, and shows the poet's broad mind and far-reaching ambition, thus bringing a broad-minded style to the lyrics.
But after all, Su Shi loves life in the world more. "Dancing to clear the shadows is like living in the world!" Instead of flying to the cold moon palace, it is better to stay in the world and dance under the moonlight! "Clear shadow" refers to one's clear figure under the moonlight. "Dancing to clear the shadow" means dancing and playing with one's own clear shadow. Li Bai's "Drinking Alone under the Moon" said: "I sing about the wandering moon, and my dancing shadows are messy." Su Shi's "Dancing to Clear the Shadows" was born from here. "It's too cold at high places" is not the fundamental reason for the author's reluctance to go back. "Dancing to see the shadows makes it seem like they are in the human world" is the fundamental reason. Instead of flying to the cold moon palace, it is better to stay in the human world, dance under the moonlight, and at least be with your own shadow. This poem starts from fantasizing about heaven, and then returns to loving the world. The psychological transition from "I want" to "I am afraid" to "What is it like" shows the ups and downs of Su Shi's emotions. He finally returned from hallucination to reality. In the conflict between being born in the world and joining the world, the idea of ??joining the world finally prevailed. "How is it like to be in the world" is an unquestionable affirmation, and the vigorous writing power shows the intensity of emotion.
The next piece is about cherishing people, that is, cherishing children at the same time. The full moon of the Mid-Autumn Festival reminds people of parting in the world, and at the same time expresses gratitude for the impermanence of separation and separation in life. "Turn Zhuge, lower Qihu, shine without sleep." Both "turning" and "lowing" refer to the movement of the moon, implying that the night is deep. The moonlight turned through the vermilion pavilion, passed through the carved doors and windows, and shone on the people in the room who had not yet fallen asleep. This not only refers to the deep affection that I miss my younger brother, but also refers to all those who have passed away because they cannot be reunited with their loved ones during the Mid-Autumn Festival and have difficulty sleeping. "Sleepless" generally refers to those who feel sad because they cannot be reunited with their loved ones, so that they cannot sleep.
What a pity it is that the moon is full but people cannot be round! So the poet unreasonably complained about Mingyue and said: "There should be no hatred, why does it always become round when we say goodbye?" You shouldn't have any resentment about Mingyue, right? Why does it always become round when people say goodbye? In comparison, Li Ren's sorrow was even more severe. This is a complaint that Mingyue deliberately makes things difficult for others and adds sorrow to people. The unreasonable tone further highlights the poet's deep affection for his brother, but it also implicitly expresses sympathy for the unfortunate people who have left.
Then, the poet turned his pen and said some comforting words to excuse Mingyue: "People have joys and sorrows, and the moon waxes and wanes. This matter is difficult to solve in ancient times." Of course, people have it. There are joys and sorrows, and the moon waxes and wanes. There are times when she is covered by dark clouds, there are times when she is damaged and incomplete, and she also has her regrets. Since ancient times, nothing is perfect in the world. In this case, why should we feel sad about the temporary separation? After all, the poet is broad-minded, and he immediately thought that the moon is also innocent. In this case, why should we be sad about the temporary separation? These three sentences give a high-level summary from people to the moon, from ancient times to the present. From the tone, it seems to be answering the previous questions on behalf of Mingyue; from the structure, it is pushed a layer away, transitioning from the opposition of man and moon to the fusion of man and moon. Excusing the moon is essentially to emphasize optimism about human affairs and to place hope for the future. Because when the moon is full, people also get together. Very philosophical.
At the end of the poem, it is said: "I hope that people will live forever, thousands of miles away from Chanjuan." "Chanjuan" means beautiful, here refers to Chang'e, which means the bright moon. "***Chanjuan" means ***Mingyue. The allusion comes from Xiezhuang's "Moon Fu" in the Southern Dynasty: "Thousands of miles away, there is a bright moon." Since parting in the world is inevitable, as long as relatives are alive for a long time, even if Even though they are thousands of miles apart, the two places can be connected through the bright moon that illuminates the world, and can communicate with each other's hearts. "May people live forever" means to break through the limitations of time; "Thousands of miles away from the moon" means to break through the barriers of space. Let the common love for the bright moon unite people who are separated from each other. The ancients had a saying of "spiritual friendship". Good friends are far apart and cannot meet each other, but they can communicate in spirit. "Qianli ***Chanjuan" can also be said to be a kind of divine friendship! These two sentences are not ordinary condolences, but express the author's attitude towards major issues such as time, space and life, fully demonstrating the richness and breadth of the poet's spiritual realm. Wang Bo has two poems: "There are close friends in the sea, and the world is as close as our neighbors." It has profound meaning and has been passed down as a good line. In addition, Zhang Jiuling's "Looking at the Moon and Huaiyuan" says: "The bright moon rises on the sea, and the end of the world is at this time." Xu Hun's "Autumn Ji Sends Away" says: "We should only wait for the bright moon, and we will be with you thousands of miles away." You can refer to each other. . I hope that everyone will be safe every year and can enjoy the beautiful moonlight even though they are thousands of miles apart. It expresses the author's blessing and longing for his relatives, and shows the author's broad-minded attitude and optimistic spirit. Su Shi dissolved the poetic spirit of his predecessors into his own works, melting them into a universal emotion. As mentioned in the small preface before the poem, this poem expresses the nostalgia for his younger brother Su Che (ziyou), but it is not limited to this. It can be said that this poem is Su Shi's best wishes to all those who are experiencing the pain of separation on the night of the Mid-Autumn Festival.
This article is one of Su’s representative works. From the perspective of artistic achievements, it has a unique conception, a unique border, and is full of romanticism. It has always been recognized as the swan song among Mid-Autumn Festival poems. In terms of performance, the first half of the word is written vertically and the second half is described horizontally. The first film is a high-rise building, and the next film is full of twists and turns. The first half is the introduction of new myths from the past dynasties, and it is also the evolutionary development of the fairy poetry of the Wei, Jin and Six Dynasties. The second half is purely drawn in white, with the person and the moon touching each other. It's called deductive physics, but it actually explains people and affairs. The writing is intricate and swaying. From the perspective of layout, the upper part rises in the sky and seems to be empty when entering; the lower part has cascading waves, returning to virtual reality and turning into reality. In the end, the virtual and the real are intertwined, and Xu Xu comes to an end. The whole poem is set in a clear and majestic setting, with chanting to the moon as the center, expressing the "return" of wandering immortals and the direct dance of "the world", the contradictions and confusions of separation and joining the world, as well as the broad-minded self-adaptation, long-term optimism and beauty of life. Wishes are very philosophical and humane. The intention is high, the concept is novel, and the artistic conception is fresh and picturesque. Finally, it ends with broad-minded feelings, which is a natural expression of the poet's feelings. It has both emotional charm and magnificent state, and has high aesthetic value. This poem is full of beautiful sentences, which typically reflects the clear and broad-minded style of Su's poems.
The author not only highlights the "unparalleled cosmic consciousness", but also abandons the "astonishment in the face of magical eternity" (Wen Yiduo's comment on "Spring River Flower Moonlight Night"). He does not treat the changes and development of nature completely detachedly, but strives to find the meaning of life of "entertaining oneself according to circumstances" from the laws of nature. Therefore, although this poem is basically a sentimental chant of autumn, it does not lack the charm of "spring is born when touching the place" and leads people to upward.
This song "Shui Tiao Ge Tou" has always been highly praised. Hu Zai's "Tiaoxi Yuyincong Hua" believes that this poem is the best poem about the Mid-Autumn Festival. This poem seems to be a dialogue with Mingyue, in which the meaning of life is explored. It is both rational and interesting, and very thought-provoking. Therefore, it has been recited for nine hundred years. Wu Qian's "Frost Sky Dawn Corner": "Let's sing Dongpo's "Shui Tiao", under the clear dew, the lapels are covered with snow." Chapter 30 of "Water Margin" writes on August 15th, "You can sing the Mid-Autumn Festival to the moon and the scenery. "Qu'er" was sung by "a Mid-Autumn Festival "Shui Tiao Song" by a scholar from Dongpo." It can be seen that the song was popular in the Song and Yuan Dynasties. The artistic conception of the whole poem is bold and broad, the feelings are optimistic and broad-minded, the yearning for the bright moon, the attachment to the world, as well as the romantic colors, unrestrained style and flowing language, can still give people a healthy feeling to this day. Aesthetic enjoyment.