Throughout Nanyuan Village, Dafu has preserved the most perfect wood carvings and murals. We can go to the right to have a look at the profile of Dafu Land and find out what "Dafu Land" is.
When some young friends see the name "Dafu Land", they will ask, "Did any famous doctors live here in ancient times?" Actually, this "doctor" is not another "doctor". In ancient times, "doctor" refers to an official who assisted the government around the emperor. This "blessed land" is the residence of such officials.
Dafu was built in the first year of Tongzhi in Qing Dynasty (1862) and was not completed until the tenth year of Guangxu (1884), which lasted for 22 years. It has experienced the simultaneous construction of three generations of Pan Shi's thirteenth Pan Qiushu, fourteenth Pan Sihao and fifteenth Pan Yuwen, which cost more than 10000.
Into the gate house of Dafu land, a clearing is the yard. Standing here, you can see that the window on the front wall is a bit special. In fact, it is an "emperor" window. This kind of window can't be used in ordinary buildings, because it represents that the owner of this house enjoyed a high position and high salary at that time; Another way of saying it is that the house was built with the permission of the emperor. So people who live in such a house have a lot of contacts.
There is a well-preserved alley on the left side of the main entrance. This alley is no ordinary alley. Its name is Qingyun Lane. "Qingyun Lane" means "going straight to the sky".
First, "Xiang" and "Shang" are homophonic, and the meaning is obvious to read;
Secondly, "Qingyun Lane" is located between two buildings, with high walls standing on three sides to form a passage. Looking up, you can only see the blue sky and white clouds, and then enter the layers to rise, which means "Qingyun Lane", commonly known as "Qingyun Lane".
Qingyun Lane is both beautiful and practical. Reasonably divide the building space to play the role of ventilation and fire prevention; At the same time, "Qingyun Lane" has placed its master's expectation on future generations: to ascend step by step and look far.
Go directly from Qingyun Lane to Dafu Land. The large patio is used for lighting and drainage. It separates the middle hall from the upper hall, making the light of the two halls more abundant. The patio also collects water from all directions and discharges it to the outside through culverts. Here I would like to introduce the drainage system of Hakka dwellings to you.
Some friends may notice that there are no ditches in the buildings here, because we all use underground ditches to drain water. The ditches under the house are winding and criss-crossing. This blessed land has been built for more than 100 years, but there has never been a problem of sewer blockage. Then there is pressure in it. Hakkas pay attention to geomantic omen, and don't want to rush their geomantic omen to the outside at once, so they make an underground culvert to the outside. In order to prevent sediment accumulated for many years from blocking ditches, when building culverts, different numbers of turtles, usually small turtles, are put in them, and then the water inlet and outlet are sealed with copper windows.
The tortoise in the ditch often crawls around below, so it plays a role in dredging the ditch. The tortoise has lived for hundreds of years, so it has a good meaning. Its life-sustaining food is mainly small pieces of meat and vegetables that flow into the gutter, and then it can catch toads and mosquitoes living in the gutter as food.
The turtle in the culvert not only plays the role of "scavenger", but also symbolizes longevity. From this point of view, it also reflects the wisdom of Hakkas and proves that our ancient Hakkas have used biotechnology to purify the environment, dredge canals and prevent mosquitoes.
Dafu's central hall is called "Yi Yan Tang". Here you can see some well-preserved carvings on the beams and columns of houses, and the patterns dominated by dragons and phoenixes reflect the theme of wealth. The fine labor and craftsmanship of these carvings can be seen. No two patterns carved in the whole house have the same shape and content, which is amazing!
The murals on the front wall of the central hall are still very clear and complete. On the left is a painting of wealth and longevity, and on both sides of the painting are two poems by the Tang Dynasty poet Wang Wei. On the right hand side, there is a picture of "Hero Independence" and two opening sentences of "Preface to Wang Tengting"; The poems and murals here reflect the owner's love for rural life after leaving office, as well as his unique taste and elegant plot.