(1) Pathogenesis of the heart
1. Basic pathological changes of the heart: Since yin and yang, qi and blood have different effects on physiological functions such as the heart's blood vessels and the heart's mind, the imbalance of yin and yang and qi and blood in the heart can lead to different pathological changes due to differences in deficiency, excess, cold and heat.
(1) Disorders of heart qi and heart yang: disorders of heart qi and heart yang are mainly manifested in two aspects: a weakening of yang qi and an excess of yang qi.
① The yang energy of the heart is weakened: the main manifestations are heart qi deficiency and heart yang deficiency.
Insufficient Heart Qi: Insufficient Heart Qi is mostly caused by factors such as chronic illness and physical weakness, or weakness of internal organs due to old age, excessive consumption of Qi through sweating, or insufficient endowment. Because heart qi is the driving force that drives blood circulation, the basic pathological change of insufficient heart qi is a decrease in the function of the heart itself as the main blood vessel. Since blood is the material basis of consciousness, if the heart qi is weak, the agitation force is weak, and the blood vessels are not sufficient, the heart and mind will not be nourished. Therefore, there will be both heart and mind deficiency and systemic qi deficiency. Clinically, it is characterized by palpitations, shortness of breath, frequent insomnia, mental fatigue, and fatigue.
Insufficient heart yang: Insufficient heart yang is often caused by the serious development of insufficient heart qi; it can also be caused by the evils of cold, dampness and phlegm that block the heart yang; or the body's yang is deficient and the heart yang is weak; or Worrying can cause stress, damage to the heart, or long-term illness and lack of nutrition. If Yang is deficient, cold will arise from within; if Qi is deficient, blood circulation will be weak and the mind and spirit will not be nourished. Therefore, the basic pathological changes of heart-yang deficiency are mainly manifested in several aspects such as insufficient mind and spirit, deficiency of yang and excess of yin, and blood supply disorder.
First, lack of concentration. If the physiological function of the heart, which controls the mind, loses the instigation and excitement of Yang Qi, the spirit, consciousness and thinking activities will weaken, and it will be easy to be inhibited and not easy to be excited. Clinically, pathological manifestations such as listlessness, mental weakness, unresponsiveness, confusion, excessive sleepiness, laziness and low voice can be seen.
Second, Yang deficiency and Yin excess. Deficiency of yang results in coldness, insufficient heart yang, and reduced warming function. Therefore, symptoms of deficiency and cold such as aversion to cold and preference for warmth, reverse coldness of the limbs, etc. can be seen clinically. Compared with heart qi deficiency and heart yang deficiency, heart qi deficiency is empty without cold symptoms, while heart yang deficiency is empty but with cold symptoms.
Third, blood supply disorder. If the blood is warm, it will flow; if it is cold, it will coagulate. If the heart yang is insufficient, the function of the heart to control the blood vessels will be reduced, and the blood will not flow smoothly, resulting in blood stasis, or even coagulation and blockage of the heart vessels, forming a syndrome of heart vessel stasis. It can be seen that the body is cold, the limbs are cold, the complexion is pale or purple, the heart and chest are stuffy and tingling, and the pulse is astringent or knotted.
If the heart yang is extremely deficient, or cold evil violently damages the yang qi, or blood phlegm blocks the heart orifices, it can cause the heart yang to decline and explode, resulting in profuse sweating, convulsions in the limbs, and consciousness. Fuzzy, weak and weak pulse, etc., are the critical signs of the death of Yang Qi.
② The yang energy of the heart is excessive: the main manifestations are excessive heart fire and phlegm fire disturbing the heart.
Excessive heart fire: Excessive heart fire is also called heart fire, which means that the yang energy in the heart is excessive. ; Fire evil invades internally, or emotional fire develops internally, or overeating pungent, warm and tonic crystals turns heat into fire over time, or organ dysfunction causes internal fire, etc., etc., which can lead to hyperactivity of heart fire. The main pathological changes of excessive heart fire are:
First, fire disturbs the mind. Fire energy flows through the heart, and the fire in the heart burns internally, disturbing the mind and spirit, causing the mind to lose control, causing irritability and insomnia, and even pathological manifestations such as mania, delirium, and confusion.
Second, abnormal blood supply. The heart governs the blood vessels, and heat forces the blood to rise. If the heart fire Yang is strong and the qi is strong and fast, the pulse will be thin and slow, and palpitations, flushed face, red tongue, rapid pulse, etc. may be seen. Blood heat may even act indiscriminately, leading to various types of bleeding. .
Third, the heart fire rises and falls. In fire-induced inflammation, the heart opens to the tongue, and the heart-fire circulates along the meridians to cause inflammation, so red and painful tongue tip, sores on the mouth and tongue, etc. can be seen. The heart and the small intestine are related to each other. If the heart fire moves down to the small intestine, pathological phenomena such as yellow and red urine, blood in the urine, burning and painful urethra, etc. may occur.
Fourth, the thermal image is significant. When Yang is strong, there is heat. When Heart Fire is strong, signs of excessive heat are common, such as body heat, thirst, cold drinks, red urination, constipation, etc.
Phlegm-fire disturbs the heart: stagnation of liver-qi turns into fire. Liver-fire induces heart-fire. When heart-liver fire is strong, body fluid becomes phlegm. Phlegm and fire combine to disturb the mind, causing the mind to lose control and clear orifices to be blocked; or exogenous warm evil causes phlegm to sink into the pericardium, causing phlegm and fire to disturb the heart, with confusion as the main clinical feature.
(2) Heart blood and heart yin imbalance: The imbalance of heart blood and heart yin mainly manifests as heart blood loss, heart yin deficiency and heart blood stasis.
① Heart-blood loss: Heart-blood loss is mostly caused by blood loss, insufficient blood biochemistry, or emotional and internal injuries, and wasted effort. The basic pathological changes of heart-blood loss are:
First, lack of blood.
Insufficient heart blood and empty blood vessels, which are responsible for nourishment, lead to symptoms of blood deficiency throughout the body, characterized by pale face, lips, tongue, etc., and thin and weak pulse.
Second, the mind is lost. If the blood is deficient and the heart loses its nourishment, the heart will be palpitated and restless; if the mind is not guarded, the consciousness will be weak and it will be difficult to concentrate, and even the mind will be in a trance or insomnia. Dreams, panic: uneasiness.
② Insufficient heart yin: Insufficient heart yin means heart yin deficiency. It is mostly caused by excessive mental exertion, chronic illness and lack of nourishment, which depletes the heart and yin; or internal injuries to the emotions, causing the heart to be dark and depleted; or excessive heart and liver fire, burning the heart and yin, etc. The basic pathological changes of heart yin deficiency include the following aspects:
First, the endogenous deficiency of heat. Deficiency of yin fluid cannot control yang. Deficiency of yin and excess of yang result in endogenous deficiency and heat. It can occur when Yin deficiency and internal heat are even worse, and Yin deficiency and fire are exuberant, which are characterized by irritability, hot flashes, night sweats, thirst, dry throat, flushed face, red tongue, and thready pulse.
Second, I can’t be distracted. Heart yin deficiency means that yin does not control yang, and heart yang is overactive. If yin deficiency and yang are excessive, the deficiency fire will disturb the mind and affect the mind. In this case, there will be irritability and heat in the heart, restlessness, or insomnia due to deficiency and irritability.
Third, the blood flow accelerates. Yin deficiency and internal heat will force the blood to flow, and the pulse will be thin and diseased, affecting the function of the heart and blood vessels, so the pulse will be thin and frequent.
From the perspective of pathogenesis, although heart-blood deficiency and heart-yin deficiency both belong to the category of insufficient yin blood, heart-blood deficiency is simply a lack of blood, and the blood does not nourish the body. The main manifestations are mental disorder, insufficiency of blood vessels, and loss of blood. In terms of nourishment, the latter, in addition to heart and blood deficiency, mainly manifests as yin deficiency that cannot control yang, heart yang deficiency and hyperactivity, and internal heat deficiency. Therefore, heart-blood deficiency is characterized by "pale color" caused by blood deficiency, while heart-yin deficiency is characterized by "deficient heat" caused by yin deficiency and internal heat.
③Heart and blood stasis: Cold and stagnant heart pulse, phlegm accumulation, and blocked blood vessels can all lead to heart and blood stasis. It can often be induced or aggravated by fatigue, coldness, or emotional stimulation.
The heart qi and blood are not flowing smoothly, and blood may even be seen. The basic pathological changes are stagnation of qi, blood stasis and blockage of the heart and pulse, characterized by palpitations, panic, tightness and tingling in the heart and chest, and even severe pain.
In short, the heart governs the blood vessels and stores the spirit, and its beauty is in the face. It opens to the tongue, and its meridian is the Shaoyin meridian of the hand, and it is connected to the exterior and interior of the small intestine. This specific functional connection constitutes the heart system, so pathological changes in the heart are pathological reactions at all levels of this system structure, mainly manifested in the two aspects of blood and mind.
In terms of blood vessels, if cold means the blood will stagnate, causing pain in the heart and chest, and cold limbs; if heat means the blood will flow wildly and the face will be red and bleeding; if it is weak, the blood will not move smoothly, the blood will not flow smoothly, and the pulse will be weak or astringent. ; In fact, poor circulation, blocked blood vessels, stagnant blood flow and blocked pulse, and blood stasis are harmful.
In terms of mind and spirit, cold means a lack of mind and spirit, a calm expression and a crouching sleepiness, or even a violent outburst of yang energy and unclear consciousness; heat means a loss of mind and spirit, an impetuous expression, irritability, insomnia, and even delirium. ; If it is empty, it means that the spirit is tired, lazy, and depressed; in reality, it means that the mood is unstable, sad, or crazy. Sweat is the liquid of the heart. After sweating profusely, the heart yang will be lost. If the heart fire rises, the tongue will be red and sore. If the heart fire moves down to the small intestine, the urine will be red, astringent and painful.
3. The relationship between heart disease and other internal organs: The relationship between heart disease and other internal organs mainly includes the pathological interaction between the heart and lungs, spleen, liver, kidneys, small intestine and other internal organs.
(1) Heart and lungs: The heart and lungs cohabitate in the upper focus, and the heart qi flows upward to the lungs. The lungs govern the joints and help the heart and blood flow. Therefore, the pathological interaction between the heart and the lungs is mainly manifested in the dysfunction of Qi and blood.
① The lung qi is weak and the Zong qi is insufficient, which cannot help the heart and blood, and the heart qi is also weak. If the heart qi is weak, the heart blood cannot nourish the lungs, and the lung qi is also weak. Heart and lung qi deficiency interact with each other and eventually lead to heart and lung qi deficiency. Clinical manifestations include palpitations and shortness of breath, coughing and shortness of breath, especially when moving, low voice and timidity, chest tightness, and thin sputum.
② Weak lung qi or lack of lung qi can affect the function of the heart and blood vessels, leading to sluggish blood circulation, resulting in chest tightness, shortness of breath, heart palpitations, blue lips, purple tongue and other symptoms of heart and blood stasis. Pathological manifestations.
③ Insufficient heart qi or weak heart yang, poor circulation of blood vessels, and blood and qi will also affect the Xuansu function of the lungs, causing the Xuansu function to become abnormal, resulting in chest tightness, tingling, and coughing. , shortness of breath, wheezing and other pathological phenomena of rising lung qi.
④The heart fire is blazing, burning the lung yin, and the fire shines on the lung metal. Symptoms of internal disturbance of the heart fire such as palpitations, upset, and insomnia may occur, as well as symptoms of yin deficiency and lung damage such as coughing and hemoptysis. .
⑤ In the development process of febrile disease, the transmission of the disease can directly enter the heart camp from the lung defense stage, which is the so-called "reverse transmission to the pericardium".
Clinically, symptoms such as fever, slight aversion to cold, and cough appear initially, followed by high fever, coma, delirium, and crimson tongue.
(2) Heart and spleen: The heart governs blood, and the spleen produces and controls blood. Therefore, pathologically, the mutual influence between the heart and spleen is mainly reflected in the production and operation of blood.
Low heart yang or insufficient heart blood will affect the spleen's transportation and transformation, causing the spleen's function to become dysfunctional. On the contrary, if the spleen is weak and has no power to transport, it cannot replenish qi and generate blood, then the heart will lose its support, and it can also cause disease:
① Spleen disease affects the heart: The spleen is weak and the transport and transformation fails, and the source of blood transformation is insufficient; Or the spleen does not control blood and excessive blood loss can affect the heart, leading to insufficient blood flow. Clinically, there are not only symptoms of weak spleen such as yellow complexion, mental fatigue, lack of food and loose stools, and bleeding caused by failure to regulate the spleen, but also symptoms of heart-blood insufficiency such as palpitations, insomnia, forgetfulness, and thready pulse.
② Heart disease and spleen: The heart circulates blood to nourish the spleen. If you think too much, the heart and blood will be consumed; blood deficiency cannot nourish the spleen, affecting the health of the spleen, and will also lead to spleen deficiency and weak qi, and poor health. Lost the company. Clinically, there are symptoms of both heart-blood insufficiency and spleen deficiency.
Whether it is a deficiency of spleen that leads to insufficient heart and blood, or a deficiency of heart qi and lack of heart and blood, which affects the spleen's function of transportation and blood control, the heart and spleen influence each other, eventually leading to a deficiency of both heart and spleen. certificate. Clinically, symptoms include weak spleen with little food, abdominal distension, heart palpitations due to lack of heart and blood, insomnia and dreaminess due to lack of mental and spiritual support, dizziness, dull complexion, and physical fatigue caused by deficiency of both qi and blood in the whole body.
In addition, the heart governs the circulation of blood, and the spleen has the function of controlling blood. Under the action of the heart and spleen, the blood runs normally along the arteries and does not overflow outside the arteries. When the heart and spleen function become dysfunctional, hemorrhagic pathological changes will occur.
(3) Heart and liver: The heart governs blood, and the liver stores blood; the heart governs the mind, and the liver governs dispersion: The pathological influence of peace of mind and liver is mainly manifested in two aspects: blood and mind:
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① In terms of blood: Insufficient heart and liver yin and blood often influence each other, resulting in insufficient heart and blood, and liver blood is often deficient as a result. Insufficient liver blood leads to weak heart blood. Therefore, in clinical practice, symptoms of insufficient heart blood such as palpitations, dull complexion, pale tongue, thin and weak pulse, and liver blood deficiency such as dizziness, dull claws and nails, numbness and spasm of limbs, decreased vision, and lack of menstruation in women are often the symptoms. Symptoms appear at the same time.
Therefore, blood deficiency syndrome not only involves heart and spleen deficiency, but also heart and liver blood deficiency: The syndrome of heart and liver blood deficiency not only manifests as insufficient heart blood, but also means that the liver has no storage and cannot nourish the muscles and nourish the eyes. time.
② Mental aspect: Diseases of the heart and liver often show mental abnormalities: if the heart and liver are deficient in blood, the blood does not nourish the heart, and the liver fails to moisturize and nourish, then the mind has no master and fails to relieve its duties: therefore, the liver Patients with blood deficiency, in addition to symptoms of insufficient liver blood, may also experience symptoms such as palpitations, insomnia, and dreaminess. If the heart yin is insufficient and the internal fire is hot, palpitations, upset, insomnia, and dreaminess will occur. Symptoms such as irritability, dizziness, and flushed eyes and other symptoms of rising liver qi, such as rising and rising liver qi, will often occur. This is the result of loss of yin blood in the heart and liver, and unrestricted yang energy in the heart and liver. What's more, the heart and liver fire are strong and interact with each other. Qi stagnation turns into fire and produces phlegm. Phlegm and Qi (fire) combine to block the heart orifices and disturb the mind, which can also lead to mental disorders such as madness.
In short, in some mental and emotional diseases, the heart and liver interact with each other, resulting in stagnation of liver qi, imbalance of qi movement, and abnormal changes in consciousness. On the contrary, emotional imbalance can also cause liver qi to become uncomfortable, or even cause liver qi and fire to rise and reverse.
(4) Heart and kidneys: The relationship between the heart and kidneys is mainly that of water and fire. The dynamic balance of yin, yang, water, fire, essence, and blood between the heart and kidneys is imbalanced, which is the disharmony of the heart and kidneys. The main pathological manifestations are kidney water deficiency and heart fire, as well as heart and kidney yang deficiency and excessive water.
① Insufficient kidney yin and excessive heart yang: Insufficient kidney water cannot support heart yin from above, and heart yin cannot restrict heart yang, causing heart yang to be hyperactive alone, resulting in kidney yin deficiency and heart yang Pathological changes caused by hyperactivity include palpitations, upset, insomnia, dreaminess, soreness and weakness in the waist and knees, spermatorrhea in men, and dreams of intercourse in women. This is "disharmony between heart and kidney" or "incompetence of water and fire".
② Heart and kidney yin deficiency, yin deficiency and strong fire: Heart and kidney yin deficiency cannot restrict the heart yang, resulting in inflammation of the heart fire, which can lead to five heart upsets, heat, weight loss, dry mouth and less fluid, sores on the mouth and tongue, Palpitations, insomnia, forgetfulness, etc.
③ Heart yang is weak and water qi overwhelms the heart: Heart yang is weak and cannot cool down the kidneys, so that the cold water does not melt and rises above the heart, blocking the heart yang, resulting in palpitations, edema, wheezing and coughing, etc. The time when "moisture affects the heart".
In addition, insufficiency of heart and blood and kidney essence deficiency are cause and effect of each other, which leads to deficiency of essence and blood and dizziness, tinnitus, insomnia, dreaminess, soreness and weakness of waist and knees, etc.
This is also a disease caused by physiological dysfunction between the heart and kidneys.
(5) Heart and small intestine: The heart and small intestine are similar to each other on the outside and inside, so they pathologically transmit changes to each other. The heart can transfer heat to the small intestine, and if the small intestine is too hot, it can smoke up to the heart.
① The heart transfers heat to the small intestine: If the heart fire is strong, symptoms such as upset, sores on the mouth and tongue, and red and painful tip of the tongue may occur. If the heart fire moves downward, it will affect the function of the small intestine in distinguishing clear and turbidity, and may cause symptoms such as short red urine, burning and pain in the urethra, and even hematuria. This is called "heart transfer heat to the small intestine", also known as "small intestine excess heat", and it can be used to clear the heart. Diuretic method conducts heat downward.
② Excess heat in the small intestine smokes up to the heart: If there is heat in the small intestine, it can also smoke up the heart along the meridians, causing pathological phenomena such as upset, red tongue, sores and erosions on the mouth and tongue, etc.: In treatment On the other hand, medicines for clearing the heart and purging fire and clearing and promoting urination should be used together.
(2) Pathogenesis of the lungs
1. Basic pathological changes of the lungs: Lung lesions can be divided into deficiencies and excesses. Deficiencies are mostly caused by Qi deficiency and insufficient Yin and Tianjin, while actual conditions are mostly caused by wind-cold, dry-heat, and phlegm-dampness attacking the lungs.
(1) Loss of lung Xuan and Su: The lung's Xuan, Fa and Su are the two aspects of lung qi's ascending and descending movement in and out. Although the two are different, they influence each other. Only when there is Xuan and Su can Keep the physiological functions of the lungs normal. Abnormal distribution and purification of lung qi is usually caused by external evils attacking the lungs, phlegm turbidity internally blocking the lung collaterals, liver ascending too much, qi-fire invading the lungs, etc. It can also be caused by insufficient lung qi. , or caused by factors such as lung yin deficiency.
① Lung qi is not clear: Lung qi is not clear, which means that the lung qi is not clear. Insufficient lung qi can lead to the following pathological changes:
Poor breathing: If the lung qi is normal, breathing will be even. If the lung qi is not clear, the qi movement is unfavorable, and breathing is not smooth, nasal congestion, cough, etc. may occur.
Wei Qi stagnation: The lungs combine with the fur, the lungs govern the Qi, and spread the Wei Qi to the fur. Lung failure to expel hair, defense qi stagnation, interstitial qi solidification, hair orifices blocked, resulting in aversion to cold, fever, no sweat, etc.
Absence of lung qi is roughly the same as undesirability of lung qi, but usually, lack of lung qi is more likely to be associated with external syndromes, while undesirable lung qi is more likely to be associated with internal injuries and miscellaneous diseases.
② Lung failure to purify: Lung failure to purge, also known as lung failure to purge, refers to the loss of lung Qi purification and decline function, causing lung Qi to decline and the function of cleaning the respiratory tract to decrease. Clinical manifestations include chest tightness, shortness of breath, cough, and excessive phlegm. Coughing for a long time will damage the lung qi and cause the lung qi to fall abnormally, which can further lead to the upward and reverse lung qi. Lung qi ascending and reversing is the same as lung qi insufficiency, but cough qi inversion is more serious than lung qi insufficiency.
Lung qi failure to clear or lung qi deficiency can cause lung qi to rise and cause asthma, failure to regulate water channels, and symptoms such as oliguria and edema. Its further development can also deplete lung qi and lung yin, leading to lung qi deficiency or lung yin deficiency.
(2) Insufficient lung qi: Insufficient lung qi is also called lung qi deficiency. It is mostly caused by the loss of lung Qi and the loss of Qi over time, or the depletion of lung Qi due to chronic illness or overwork. In addition to the general changes of qi deficiency, lung qi deficiency mainly manifests as the following pathological changes:
① Respiratory dysfunction: Lung qi deficiency means insufficient gas exchange in and out of the body and outside the body, and cough, shortness of breath, low voice, and breathlessness may occur. , or even symptoms such as shortness of breath and difficulty breathing.
② Water stops gathering: The lungs govern the movement of water and are the upper source of water. Lung qi deficiency cannot regulate water channels, affecting the distribution and metabolism of water. If the phlegm is clear and thin, the phlegm will accumulate into drink, and even edema will occur.
③Weakness of Wei Yang: Deficiency of lung Qi, insufficient Wei Qi, low external function of the Wei, weak interstitial management, resulting in spontaneous sweating, chills, etc. due to superficial deficiency.
(3) Lung yin deficiency: Lung yin deficiency refers to the pathological changes of lung yin deficiency and yin deficiency and fire exuberance. It is mostly caused by the evil of dryness and heat that burns the lungs, or the stagnation of phlegm-fire that damages the lungs, or the over-polarized fire of the five wills that burns the lungs, or the consumption of lung yin by prolonged coughing. Deficiency of yin and fluid, dryness of the lungs and loss of moisture, loss of movement of qi, or deficiency of yin and spontaneous generation of internal heat, deficiency of fire burning the lung collaterals and bleeding, and a series of symptoms of dryness, loss of moisture and deficiency of heat may occur. For example, dry cough without phlegm or less and sticky phlegm, shortness of breath, hot flashes and night sweats, red cheeks and irritation, five heart upsets and heat, and even blood in the phlegm, etc. Lung yin deficiency and body fluid deficiency, which lasts for a long time, often damage the kidneys, causing lung and kidney yin deficiency.
The lungs are the portal through which Qi moves up and down. It is the master of Qi, is responsible for breathing, and participates in regulating water and liquid metabolism. The weather is connected to the lungs, and the lungs are closely connected with the outside world, so it is very easy to experience external evils and cause disease. Generally speaking, the pathological changes of the lungs can be divided into those with excess evil and those with excess righteousness. Those with excess evil may be heat congestion, phlegm obstruction, water accumulation, or blood stasis; those with excess righteousness may be qi deficiency. It may be Yin deficiency, or Qi and Yin deficiency. Most lung deficiency syndromes are transformed from actual symptoms, and there are also cases where deficiency and excess are mixed.
3. The relationship between lung disease and other organs: The pathological effects of the lungs and heart have been mentioned above. Here we only discuss the pathological changes of the lungs, spleen, liver, kidneys, and large intestine.
(1) Lungs and spleen: The lungs govern qi, and the spleen replenishes qi; the lungs govern the movement of water, and the spleen governs the transportation and transformation of water and dampness. Therefore, the pathological relationship between the lungs and the spleen is mainly manifested in abnormal metabolism of air and water.
① Insufficient Qi: Weak spleen, abnormal transportation and transformation, and the essence of water and grains cannot be used by the lungs to replenish Qi, resulting in weak Lung Qi, resulting in less food, loose stools, abdominal distension, less breath, laziness, coughing and wheezing with excessive phlegm. , or worse, edema and other symptoms of spleen deficiency and weak lungs (earth does not produce metal); on the contrary, chronic illness with cough and asthma, the lungs lose circulation and descend, which affects the spleen, and the spleen cannot transmit the essence of water and grain, and the middle burner loses nourishment, and the lungs Qi is also deficient, with symptoms of lung deficiency and spleen weakness such as coughing, wheezing and excessive phlegm, fatigue and weight loss, anorexia and abdominal distension. Therefore, if the lung qi has been deficient for a long time, under normal circumstances, the method of tonifying the spleen is often used to make the spleen healthy and the lung qi will gradually recover. Therefore, it is said that supporting the spleen is the reason for protecting the lungs.
②Water-fluid metabolism disorder: the spleen fails to function properly, water does not turn into body fluids, and dampness and turbidity arise internally, which accumulates into phlegm and is stored in the lungs, causing the lungs to lose their function and cause coughing, wheezing, and phlegm. Ming and other symptoms. Water-liquid metabolism has its mark in the lungs and its root in the spleen. The movement of phlegm mainly occurs in the spleen, and the formation of phlegm is stored in the lungs. Therefore, treatment should strengthen the spleen and remove dampness, soothe the lungs and resolve phlegm. On the contrary, if the lung qi is weak and fails to circulate and lower, it cannot regulate the water channels to move water, resulting in unfavorable water metabolism, stoppage of water and dampness accumulation, trapped middle yang, and symptoms such as edema, fatigue, abdominal distension, and loose stools.
(2) Lungs and liver: The lungs govern qi, and its nature is to calm down; the liver governs dispersion, and its nature is to rise. Therefore, the lungs and liver are related to the ascending and descending movements of human qi. Its pathological impact is mainly manifested in the abnormal movement of Qi in and out.
① Abnormal movement of Qi: stagnation of Liver Qi, Qi stagnation transforms into fire, liver fire burns the lungs, and the lungs lose their purification, which may lead to hypochondriac pain, irritability, coughing, hemoptysis, etc. Liver fire invading the lungs (Wood Fire Punishment Metal) symptoms. On the contrary, if the lungs lose their purification, the dryness and heat will descend, affecting the liver. The liver will lose its coherence and be unfavorable for catharsis. At the same time as coughing, chest and hypochondrium pain and fullness, headache, dizziness, flushed face and eyes, etc. will appear, such as lung dryness damaging the liver ( Jin Kang Zhi Mu) symptoms.
② Poor movement of qi and blood: When the body's qi machinery is adjusted smoothly, the qi and blood will flow unobstructed. If the lifting and lowering functions of the liver and lung qi machinery are imbalanced, the qi machinery will be blocked, thus causing the pathology of qi stagnation and blood stasis. Phenomenon.
(3) Lungs and kidneys: The lungs are the masters of qi, and the kidneys are the roots of qi; the lungs are the source of water, and the kidneys are the main organs of water: the lungs belong to metal, the kidneys belong to water, and metal and water are interdependent. . Therefore, the pathological relationship between the lungs and the kidneys is mainly manifested in abnormal breathing, disorders of water metabolism and loss of Yin fluid.
① Respiratory abnormalities: The kidney’s essence is insufficient, unable to absorb and absorb, the qi floats above, or the lung qi is deficient and damaged, and long-term illness damages the kidney qi, resulting in lower qi deficiency, inability to absorb and absorb qi, and respiratory failure. If the Qi cannot return to its root cause, symptoms such as coughing and shortness of breath, excessive breathing and short breathing, especially when moving, soreness of the waist and weak knees, cold sweating and cold limbs, etc. may occur, such as the kidneys are not able to accept the Qi. The lungs govern the discharge of qi, and the kidneys govern the reception of qi. If the qi is discharged too much, the exhalation will be long; if the qi is received insufficiently, the inhalation will be short. If the breathing is irregular, the breath will be spontaneous?
②Water-fluid metabolism disorder : Failure of the lungs to clear the air, and failure to clear water channels will inevitably affect the kidneys, and the kidneys do not control water, and water evil is rampant, which can also affect the lungs. The lungs and kidneys interact with each other, leading to imbalance of water and liquid metabolism, leading to edema. For example, if wind evil attacks the surface and invades the lungs, the lung qi cannot be circulated and descended, and the water channels cannot be regulated and flow down to the bladder. As a result, the wind blocks the water, and the feng shui competes with each other, overflowing on the skin, forming feng shui, and the symptoms include fever, aversion to cold, and inability to urinate. Edema, etc., if Feng Shui is not cured, can also occur in the lungs and kidneys, and then symptoms such as edema spreading throughout the body, low back pain, and difficulty in urination may occur. If the kidney yang is weak, the qi transformation is lost, and the door is not closed properly, it will cause water and dampness to stop gathering, and the water will spread and become swollen, or even the cold water will shoot into the lungs, causing the lungs to lose their ability to circulate water and not be able to move water, which will not only aggravate the edema , and also showed symptoms of shortness of breath, coughing, inability to lie down, etc. due to cold water shooting into the lungs.
③Yin fluid deficiency: Lung and kidney yin fluid, metal and water complement each other. If the lung yin is injured, the kidney yin will be drawn down for a long time, resulting in the loss of kidney yin. On the contrary, the kidney yin is deficient, the yin deficiency and the fire are strong, and the lung yin is burned up, causing the lungs to lose their clarity and moisture. The two interact with each other, eventually forming symptoms of lung and kidney yin deficiency, such as dry cough, hoarse voice, hot flashes and night sweats, red cheekbones, soreness and weakness in the waist and knees, spermatorrhea in men, amenorrhea in women, etc. Symptoms of Pei and kidney yin deficiency and excessive fire: In terms of treatment, The disease is caused by Pei and the kidneys, or by the kidneys and the lungs. The lungs and kidneys need to be treated together. This is called the method of metal-water generation. Metal can generate water, and water can moisturize metal.
(4) Lung and large intestine: The lungs and large intestine look like each other on the outside and inside: The pathological interaction between the lung and large intestine is manifested in the loss of lung function and conduction dysfunction in the large intestine.
① Lungs lose their purification and conduction is blocked: Lung heat is blocked, burning body fluids, and the fu qi is blocked and constipation occurs, which is called excessive heat constipation.
Lung qi is weak, there is no ability to purify and descend, the conduction in the large intestine is weak, and the stool is hard and astringent, it is called qi deficiency constipation. If the lungs are deficient, body fluids cannot flow down, the intestines are dehydrated, conduction is unfavorable and the stool is blocked, and there is also constipation due to dry body fluids. In the treatment, it can be supplemented with products that relieve the lungs, nourish the lungs, and moisturize the lungs, which often help relieve constipation.
② Abnormal conduction and inability to Xuan Qi in the lungs: Abnormal conduction function in the large intestine can lead to inability to Xuan Qi in the lungs. If the large intestine is excessively hot and the qi of the fu organs is blocked, it can lead to the loss of lung Xuansu, resulting in chest tightness, coughing, dyspnea, etc. In terms of treatment, as long as the fu organs are unblocked and the stool is unobstructed, the lungs will not be cured and the asthma will subside.
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