Self-built houses, also known as single-family houses, single-family houses and single-family houses, refer to houses and buildings that units and individuals own their own land, organize themselves and rent others for construction. Self-built houses are the mainstream of traditional architecture in China, especially in rural areas of China. Almost all rural residents meet their living needs by building their own houses. You can't build a house outside the urban planning area and within the scope of construction land.
The land we replaced falls within the scope of town planning. As a designer, I will share all my own experience in building a house.
After choosing the right land, we should pay attention to the following issues:
First, choose a good construction team and have architectural planning and design drawings of self-built houses. We have been engaged in architectural design for more than ten years and have a certain grasp of the planning and design of our own house.
Second, self-built houses should be supervised to ensure the construction quality, and materials such as steel, bricks and cement should be prepared.
Third, building your own house involves occupying public roads, and neighborhood relations should be handled well. Write a construction contract, so that there is evidence to talk about in case of disputes and avoid disputes.
Fourth, self-built houses should design underground pipelines to solve the problem once and for all, otherwise it will be in big trouble.
5. Do you forget to pay off when you build your own house? Make sure the walls are vertical.
Sixth, prepare doors and windows from the building, so that the size of doors and windows is reserved.
Seven, self-built, if it is a building, we should pay attention to leave a distance between neighbors and their own lighting, and rationally handle the area and structure of their own buildings.
Eight, self-built houses should be prepared for power supply.
Nine, self-built houses should choose a good building season, preferably after the first month.
Ten, self-built houses must be taboo feng shui, so as not to cause disaster.
Eleven, self-built foundation must deal with the underground land structure.
? My original intention in my hometown house: I will fly to Sanya, Ledong and Liuhuang on April 3rd this year to inspect the project, and return to my hometown in Haikou to worship my ancestors on April 5th after completing the project. The family got together and talked a lot. They all felt that the town had great potential for future development. Soon Yangshan Avenue was built in the town, forming the outer ring of Haikou. It was originally planned to go to the eleventh section, but now it is built to the ninth section, which has reached the town boundary. After analyzing the development trend and potential, I decided to find a piece of land to build a house in my hometown.
First of all, finding land is the key. We took a fancy to the land in the south, which is in the urban planning area. Being a low-lying plot means that the construction difficulty and cost will increase a lot, because the elevation difference between the plot and the municipal road is nearly four meters, and the strip foundation must be adopted. The cost of backfilling and adopting strip foundation is twice as high as that of flat ground. But comprehensive evaluation is the best choice.
The next day, I went to investigate the land with my family. On the third day, it was decided to change the land, and all the corresponding procedures were completed around 10. Then enter the intense design process, whether it is home or homestay or hotel or guesthouse. Comprehensive analysis, after several rounds of scheme comparison, it is decided to take residence as the purpose, and the first floor is planned as reception and entertainment, and the second floor is planned as one room and one living room to meet the holiday needs of friends and distant relatives. If necessary, it can be changed to a homestay or hotel in the later period.
? ? In the process of finalizing the plan, it took three days and nights, constantly comparing, revising, scrutinizing and finally finalizing it. Of course, the construction planning of a house and a home can not be separated from Feng Shui, and it can not be separated from seeking good fortune and avoiding evil, and it can be integrated into the principles of natural science to achieve comfort and beauty. I won't analyze the principle of home feng shui planning here, and there will be a special chapter to explain it to you in the future. I hope everyone can understand and benefit.
After the layout is determined, the structural engineer makes a structural diagram and calls the excavator to level the site. It took two and a half days to level the site. After the excavator is leveled, it is leveled with gravel and sand as cushion.
Give it to the contractor, and tie the steel bar one day. The first floor beam of foundation is 900 high and 600 wide, and the second floor Liang Kuan 1000 is 600 high. Then the foundation formwork was installed for a day and a half, and the ground beam began to be watered the next afternoon. The process arrangement is very tight, and each step should be determined in advance.
The watering work is completed from 4: 30 to 10: 30, and the workers can do it. Everyone can eat after work, and I am no exception. Of course, there must be enough water and drinks.
13 pick the ground beam formwork in the morning, and then install the formwork for strengthening the foundation column until 7: 00 pm. After the watering workers came over from dinner, they continued to water overnight.
The next morning, the foundation column formwork was removed, and then the foundation wall was built, and the 240 outer wall was built according to the rural method.
Because the foundation is more than 3 meters deep, the foundation wall can not be completed at one time, and it is too high to have safety hazards, so it is carried out in stages. Backfilling will be started when the wall height exceeds 1 m, which is convenient for transporting materials and building walls at a certain height without scaffolding.
Foundation backfill is not outsourced and needs to be completed by itself. Thanks to the full cooperation of family members, we dispatched transport vehicles and forklifts to help, hired excavators to direct backfilling, and purchased materials and filled them with manpower.
Backfill to the height of the ground beam, start binding the ground beam reinforcement, complete the watering of the ground beam, dismantle the formwork, embed water and electricity, backfill, flatten the surface with stones, and all the work is in full swing. Unfortunately, no photos were taken during these processes. In the afternoon 1, the ground beam watering procedure will be carried out.
After pouring the ground beam, on the morning of April 29th, the column rebar will be bound for one day, then the formwork will be installed together with the floor formwork, and then a layer of column will be poured. Special attention should be paid to the template structure of columns, which is very complicated and important, because we use 240-wide special-shaped columns as the main part, supplemented by straight columns, which is conducive to the full use of space. Try to avoid the appearance of beams and columns, which will affect the use function.
? Attention should be paid to the safety of all people when lowering the beam, and the beam can only be lowered after inspection. You may not understand. lower the beam. Lowering beam is the name of workers' construction steps. In fact, when tying the beam reinforcement, it is necessary to install it on the floor, and then knock off the wire and let it fall on the beam position where the template is installed. Of course, before it falls, it should be paved with stones as a protective cushion for steel bars.
After laying a layer of steel bars, water and electricity will be embedded, and this type of work will be carried out at the same time. After water and electricity are embedded, the second layer of reinforcement shall be laid and the binding shall be completed. Also check the protective layer of the stone pad. The whole work will be finished by four o'clock in the afternoon.
? We start from foundation excavation, leveling-foundation compaction-strip foundation-foundation column-backfilling-foundation external wall-septic tank-backfilling-ground beam-sewage pipe embedding-backfilling-tamping ground-ground bone. It took us 18 days to dispatch 10 trucks, forklifts and excavators, many of which still need to be leveled manually, which is very difficult. After the foundation is completed, we can complete the dumping of a floor in three and a half days, which is the result of overtime work. Subsequent projects need to be carried out. At present, I am busy with projects in Shenzhen, and I need to continue after I am busy.
Calculate the cost of foundation and single-story frame for reference:
0 1. Excavator cost: the first time included excavation leveling, which took two days, 3,200 yuan; Excavation out of the city for the second time, backfilling for two and a half days, intermittent, 3100; The third backfill took a day and a half and cost 900 yuan to complete. The total excavation cost is 7200 yuan. Transportation of backfill is not included.
02. The water concrete is contracted to plus or minus zero, and the contract price is 8900 yuan, excluding food and water.
03. The contract amount of foundation formwork installation is RMB 4,500 Yuan only, excluding formwork supply, and all materials of formwork are provided by the contractor. But all the accessories are purchased by yourself, such as nails, wires and protection, excluding breakfast, drinks and meals.
04. Buy 5 cars of backfill soil outside, each car is 350 yuan, *** 1250 yuan.
05. He Sha bought six cars, five of which were 5500, and the last one was 7200 (the cart was Haosha), ***34700. Save 30 tons, about ***3000.
06. With the help of my family, I dispatched a 10 truck for transportation, with the train number of 12, and dispatched a forklift to shovel, backfill and tamp. Transport gravel and carrier materials. The cost of oil and other expenses is about 5000 yuan.
07. Gravel * * * transported seven cars, and two cars were used to tamp the base. Two and a half cars were used for the foundation (including strip foundation, foundation column, frame beam, septic tank and ground bone), and two and a half cars were used for the first floor. 7x 1650***9900 yuan.
08. 858 packages of cement were used, with a package of 25.75 yuan. Due to family acquaintances, 5 yuan was given a discount of one ton. 858x25.75***22090 yuan only.
09, red brick cart, with foundation fence and septic tank, foreign transportation, family acquaintances, discount of 9300.
10, build a wall, take the lead at home, find a master and a coolie to build a wall together, and calculate by the hour, the discount is 6800, saving about 5000. No dinner, breakfast, drinks.
1 1, the first floor is fully contracted, starting from plus or minus zero, and columns, stairs, beams, floors, templates and concrete are poured. A ***27500 plus 500 overtime. Does not include breakfast, drinks, meals, etc.
12, about 20 days in the morning, noon and evening, and the drinks are about 3000 yuan.
13, buy screws, nails, cement nails, iron wires, water pipes, wires and other accessories, about 2000 yuan.
14, pre-buried on the first floor, sewage pipes probably, artificially added materials, 1400, workers led by junior high school students, not officially pre-buried.
15, treat, buy 7 hard Chinese cigarettes and one soft Chinese cigarettes, give someone a gift, arrange at home, 5000 yuan.
16, the cost of reinforcement materials is more than 50,000 yuan, which needs to be accounted for. Now it is calculated according to 55,000 yuan.
17, steel binding, 25 square meters is not counted, and it will be settled after the project is completed.
* * * 204,040 yuan, excluding the embedded water and electricity and steel binding fees on the second floor.
Huaxin 1 total project amount? 662267 yuan plus 18000 yuan, a total of 842267 yuan.
Cement special project: (20000+25360+560) to July 8, totaling 45920 yuan.
0 1, 40 packages for wall cutting, 72 packages for column on the second floor and 232 packages for floor. * * * 344 packs. 344? 25.75=8858+2090 (unpaid balance from foundation to the first floor) = 10948 yuan. 70 bags of pillars on the third floor, 0/0 bags of wall penetration/kloc, 80 bags of * *, and 2080 yuan per bag of 26 yuan * *. There are 230 packages on the third floor, and each package costs 5520 yuan in 24 yuan. The total is ***7600 yuan. 10900+7600= 18500 yuan. (Among them, the discount is 48. ) In June 18, the column needs 3 tons of cement, and in June 2O, the floor needs 8 tons of cement, at a price of 475 yuan per ton. 1 1=5225 yuan. On June 26th, we need 2 tons of cement at 525 yuan per ton, and on June 29th, we need cement 1 ton at 525 yuan per ton. 525= 1575 yuan. As of June 29th, 2018500+5225+1575+60 = 25360 yuan. (20,000 yuan has been paid for the foundation and the first floor) On July 8th, we need 20 packages of cement, each in 560 yuan, 28 yuan. 2. Special reinforcement: 59645+5 1 255+19330+562+1000 * *131792 yuan1,with one layer of foundation reinforcement. (June 1 paid) 2. Second floor reinforcement 26427 plus third floor reinforcement 2478 1.00 plus 47 * * 51255.00 (paid on June 15) 3. Four floors 14578 plus column 4752. *** 19330 yuan (unpaid) June18th. 4. Window sill 260 (June 29th)+263 (July 3rd)+39 (added on July 3rd) ***562 (unpaid) was added on the second floor. 5. It is estimated that there will be a window sill at 562 on the third floor. 3. The first to fourth floors of the general contractor cover an area of 7 19 square meters, 145 square meters, and * * * accounts for 104255, and 74,000 yuan has been paid, with an unpaid balance of 30,255. (Extra, water each floor) 4. Scaffolding 1200 square meters, 6 pieces per square meter, ***7200 yuan. V. Foundation and first floor expenses: * * 88 150 yuan. 0 1, and the excavator cost is 7200 yuan only, excluding backfill transportation. * * * It took six days to dig and fill. 02. The pouring of concrete is contracted to plus or minus zero, including the first and second levels of ground beams, foundation columns, frame beams and ground bones. Watered it four times, each time 10 people, and watered it twice until late at night. The contract price is 8,900 yuan, and the overtime fee is 600 yuan, excluding drinks and meals. The calculation method is complicated, so it is not included in the general contracting calculation. 03. The contract amount of foundation formwork installation is RMB 4,500 Yuan only. The formwork is provided by the contractor, but the owner is responsible for purchasing auxiliary materials, such as formwork nails, cement nails, iron wires and protection, excluding breakfast, drinks and meals. 04. Buy 5 cars of backfill soil outside, each car is 350 yuan, *** 1250 yuan. 05. Remote direct purchase of river sand trucks (because of the second uncle), six cars * * * 34,700 yuan. 06. With the help of my family, I dispatched about 15 10 trucks to 20 vehicles, and dispatched forklifts to backfill compacted materials. Transport gravel and carrier materials. The cost of oil and other expenses is about 5000 yuan. 7 cars of gravel * * *, 2 cars for tamping foundation, 2 cars and a half for foundation irrigation, including (strip foundation, foundation column 07, gravel * * transport 7 cars, 2 cars for tamping foundation, 2 cars and a half for foundation irrigation, including (strip foundation, foundation column, frame beam, septic tank, ground bone. ) .7 *1650 = 9900 yuan only. 08. Use 858 packages of cement, (one package is 25.75 * * * 22,090 yuan, which has been recorded as a special project and is no longer counted) 09. A car full of red bricks, external walls, septic tanks built on the foundation, long-distance transportation from other places, and preferential acquaintance relationship of RMB 9300. 10, build a wall with a septic tank, and uncle will help you find someone to build a wall together, with a discount of 6,800 yuan, excluding meals, brunch and drinks. Six, accessories, living expenses, etc. * * * About 282,950 yuan. 0 1. Workers from the first floor to the first floor arrange lunch and drinks every day for about 20 days, about 5,000 yuan (including external walls and septic tanks at the grass-roots level). The second to fourth floors take about 20 days, 5000 yuan (including the first and second floors). Buying screws, nails, cement nails, iron wires, water pipes, wires and other accessories costs about 2,000 yuan on the first floor and about 3,000 yuan on the second and fourth floors. 03. The first floor is embedded, sewage pipes and circuit conduits are embedded, and labor and materials costs 1400. Not counting the second, third and fourth floors, it's about 3800, and * * * is about 5200.04. Seven hard Chinese cigarettes, 1 soft Chinese cigarettes and 1 hard Chinese cigarettes were purchased from the first floor to the second floor and the fourth floor. Give each other a gift ***6500. Treat after capping, buy two cases of wine 2 160, one sheep 1500 and the other 300. It is about *** 10460 yuan. 05, steel bar binding, 25,765,438+09 * * 65,438+07,975,10,000 yuan per square meter has been paid, and the balance is 7975.06, with sand on the second, third and fourth floors, 3,000 for seven cars, 5,480 for two cars, 5,480 for floor walls and * * 37,440 for floor walls. 07. From the second floor to the fourth floor, six cars of gravel heightening hangers are all around 1850, * * *1100 yuan. 08. The transportation oil cost is about 3000 yuan. 09. It is estimated that there will be four vehicles for building one to four floors of walls, roof protection and flower ponds, each of which costs about 9,300 yuan, and * * * 37,200 yuan. 10. Neighbor's subway frame, corridor wall, fill soil and tile are estimated to cost 3,000 yuan. 1 1, the labor cost of wall-building is about 8000 yuan, about ***30000 yuan, (paid 10000 yuan)12,47 leveling, and the appraisal is 1200 yuan, * * 56400 yuan. 14, aluminum alloy window is about 300 square meters. It is estimated that 20,000 yuan will be paid for purchasing materials and customizing the outer frame. 15, sand is expected to be 10,000 cars, cement is expected to be 20 tons, each ton of 560 yuan, * * * reserved 2 1200 yuan. 16, account opening fee of water meter 1000, labor cost of installing water meter and purchasing materials 500, electricity consumption of 200 cars in the construction process, estimated water fee of 300 and electricity fee of 200. The fee for opening an account for water meter is unknown, and my uncle is applying for help.