Common sense of traditional Chinese medicine ~ pungent and warm drugs for relieving exterior syndrome

ephedra is derived from the dried herbaceous stems of ephedra sinica and ephedra sinica. Sexual taste and meridian tropism are pungent, slightly bitter and warm. Into the lung and bladder meridian. Performance and characteristics: This product is pungent and light, bitter, cathartic and warm, enters the lung and bladder meridian, and focuses on dispersing the lung, so it has strong drug power. Externally, it can open the meridian, penetrate the hair, dispel the cold, and relieve the exterior by sweating; It can open lung qi and smooth qi to relieve asthma. In addition, by dispersing the lung, the water can be diverted to promote diuresis and reduce swelling. Efficacy: sweating, relieving asthma and promoting diuresis. Main treatment syndromes 1. Syndrome of wind-cold exterior syndrome 2. Syndrome of cough and asthma with lung qi failing to be declared 3. Compatibility of edema with exterior syndrome 1. Herba Ephedrae and Ramulus Cinnamomi: sweating and relieving exterior syndrome are strong, and treating wind-cold exterior syndrome without sweat is effective. 2, ephedra with almonds: good at dispersing lung and lowering qi, relieving asthma and relieving cough, and treating asthma and cough with qi, especially those who are wind-cold and lung-binding. 3, ephedra with gypsum: clearing lung, relieving asthma and penetrating exterior heat. It is effective in treating cough and asthma caused by lung heat. Dosage and usage: 1.5 ~ 9g. For relieving exterior syndrome, it should be used raw, and for relieving asthma, it should be used with honey or raw. Caution: This product has strong sweating power, so it is contraindicated for patients with spontaneous sweating due to exterior deficiency, night sweats due to yin deficiency and cough and asthma due to kidney deficiency. Pharmacology This product has the functions of promoting sweating, relieving fever, relieving pain, diminishing inflammation, resisting bacteria, resisting virus, resisting allergy, relieving cough, eliminating phlegm, relieving asthma, inducing diuresis, strengthening heart, raising blood pressure and exciting the central nervous system. Dry shoots of Cinnamomum cassia from Lauraceae. Sexual taste is pungent, sweet and warm. Heart, lung and bladder meridian. Properties and characteristics: This product is pungent and warm, helps yang, enters the heart, lungs and bladder meridian, and goes both outward and inward. Although the sweating power is not as good as that of ephedra, it is better at helping yang and warming meridians. It is suitable for treating wind-cold and cold, regardless of exterior excess and exterior deficiency, and can be used for treating various syndromes caused by yang deficiency and stagnation of cold and blood. Efficacy helps yang relieve exterior syndrome, warms meridians, warms yang to promote diuresis, warms chest yang, and warms middle warmer to dispel cold. Indications of treatment 1. Cold with exterior deficiency and sweating, cold with exterior excess and no sweating. 2. Cold-dampness arthralgia, menoxenia, dysmenorrhea, amenorrhea and abdominal pain due to cold and blood stagnation. 3, Yang deficiency edema, phlegm syndrome. 4, chest pain, yang deficiency palpitations. 5, cold and abdominal pain. Compatibility 1. Ramulus Cinnamomi and Radix Paeoniae Alba: The two drugs are combined, and the two drugs are collected and dispersed at the same time. * * * plays the role of harmonizing camp and Wei, dispersing wind and astringing camp, and relieving muscle release, and it is used for treating wind-cold exterior deficiency and sweating. The dosage is 3 ~ 9g. Caution: This product is pungent and warm, and it is easy to injure yin and activate blood. Therefore, it is contraindicated for febrile diseases, excessive yin deficiency and blood heat, and it should be used with caution by pregnant women and those with menorrhagia. Pharmacology This product has the effects of promoting sweating, relieving fever, dilating skin and blood vessels, resisting bacteria, viruses, tranquilizing, anticonvulsant, anti-inflammatory, antiallergic, increasing coronary blood flow, strengthening heart, promoting diuresis, invigorating stomach, promoting gastrointestinal peristalsis and inhibiting tumors. Dry stems and leaves of perilla frutescens, a labiatae plant from perilla frutescens. Leaves are called Su leaves, and stems are called Su stems. Sexual taste is pungent and warm. Enter the lung and spleen meridians. Properties and characteristics: this product is pungent and warm, and enters the lung and spleen meridians. It not only dispels cold in lung meridian, but also regulates qi stagnation in spleen and stomach, and also prevents miscarriage and relieves fish and crab poison. It is a commonly used medicine for treating wind-cold common cold, especially for patients with qi stagflation. Efficacy of dispelling cold, promoting qi circulation, relieving miscarriage, and relieving fish and crab poison. Indications: ① wind-cold, cold, cough and chest tightness. ② Spleen and stomach qi stagnation syndrome. ③ Qi stagnation and fetal movement syndrome. ④ Abdominal pain and vomiting caused by fish-eating crab poisoning. Dosage and usage: 5 ~ 9g. It should not be fried for a long time. Leaves are good at dispersing cold, and stems are good at regulating qi, relaxing middle energizer and preventing miscarriage. Note that this product is pungent and warm and consumes gas, so it should be used with caution for those with qi deficiency and exterior deficiency. Raw ginger comes from fresh rhizome of Zingiber officinale. Sexual taste is pungent and slightly warm. Enter the lung and spleen meridians. Performance characteristics: the taste is pungent and divergent, and the temperature is slightly warm and cold. Entering the lung meridian, dispelling wind-cold and sweating to relieve exterior syndrome, warming lung-cold and resolving phlegm and relieving cough are commonly used to treat wind-cold cold and cough. Entering the spleen meridian to warm up and stop vomiting is known as the "holy medicine for vomiting", and it also relieves fish and crab poison. Efficacy: sweating and relieving exterior syndrome, warming and stopping vomiting, warming lung and relieving cough. Main treatment syndrome ① wind-cold exterior syndrome. ② Stomach cold and vomiting. ③ Cough due to wind-cold in the lung. (4) detoxification of fish and crab, Pinellia ternata and Arisaema. Dosage and usage: 3 ~ 9g. Take it by decocting or pounding juice. Note that this product is pungent and warm, so it should not be used for those with yin deficiency and internal heat. The dry aerial parts of Schizonepeta tenuifolia, a Labiatae plant, are derived from Vitex negundo. The name of the flower spike is Schizonepeta tenuifolia. Sexual taste is pungent and slightly warm. Enter lung and liver meridian. Properties and characteristics: This product is spicy, mild in temperature, mild in drug effect, and it works in lung and liver. It is good at dispersing wind, releasing rash and relieving itching. It is a general drug for releasing wind, and can be used to treat exterior syndrome and rash regardless of wind, cold, wind and heat. Stir-frying is convergent, good at stopping bleeding and treating all kinds of bleeding. Efficacy: dispelling pathogenic wind, relieving exterior syndrome, penetrating rash, relieving itching and stopping bleeding. Main treatment syndromes ① wind-cold exterior syndrome, wind-heat exterior syndrome. (2) Measles is not well transmitted and rubella itches. ③ Patients with superficial symptoms at the beginning of the ulcer. ④ (Schizonepeta tenuifolia charcoal) bleeding, vomiting blood, hematochezia, metrorrhagia, etc. Dosage and usage 3-9g. It should not be fried for a long time. Mustard ear strength is strong. To stop bleeding, you must fry charcoal. The dry roots of Saposhnikovia divaricata from Umbelliferae. Sexual taste is pungent, sweet and slightly warm. It belongs to bladder, liver and spleen meridians. Properties and characteristics: The pungent powder is slightly warm, sweet and slow, and it can not only move the bladder, but also enter the liver and spleen. It is good at expelling wind and overcoming dampness, and it can be released, relieve pain, relieve itching and relieve spasm. It is a general drug for treating wind, and can be used regardless of external wind and internal wind or both cold and heat. Efficacy: dispelling pathogenic wind, relieving exterior syndrome, overcoming dampness, relieving pain and spasmolysis. Main treatment syndromes ① wind-cold exterior syndrome, wind-heat exterior syndrome and exterior syndrome with dampness. ② Wind-cold-dampness arthralgia, wind eczema itching. ③ Tetanus, infantile convulsion. Dosage and usage: 3 ~ 9g. Adding decoction, medicated liquor or pill powder. Note that the taste of this product is pungent and slightly warm, which hurts yin and blood and helps fire, so it should be used with caution for those with blood deficiency and spasm and yin deficiency and fire. Radix Notopterygii is derived from dried rhizome and root of Umbelliferae plant Notopterygii Rhizoma. Sexual taste is pungent, bitter and warm. It belongs to bladder and kidney meridian. Properties and characteristics: This product is pungent, warm and bitter, rising, floating and diverging, and belongs to bladder and kidney, with strong drug efficacy. Its action is on the upper side and on the exterior side, and it can disperse superficial wind, cold and dampness, and relieve joint pain, especially for sun headache and upper body rheumatism and arthralgia. Efficacy: relieving exterior syndrome, dispelling cold, expelling wind, overcoming dampness and relieving pain. Main treatment syndromes ① exterior syndrome due to wind-cold, exterior syndrome with dampness, wind-cold headache. ② arthralgia due to wind-cold and dampness. The dosage is 3 ~ 9g. Note that this product has a strong smell, and it is easy to vomit when used in too much, so it is not suitable for people with spleen and stomach weakness; It is pungent, warm and dry, hurting yin and consuming blood, so it should be used with caution for those with blood deficiency, arthralgia and headache due to yin deficiency. The dried whole grass of Aristolochiaceae, such as Asarum kitasarum or Asarum sinense, comes from asarum spicatum. Sexual taste is pungent and warm. It has little toxicity (including aristolochic acid). Heart, lung and kidney meridians. Performance characteristics This product is pungent and warm, with strong fragrance, and enters the heart, lung and kidney meridians. It is good at expelling wind and cold, inducing resuscitation and relieving pain, and is a good medicine for treating various pain syndromes of cold and rheumatism and nasal congestion and headache; It can also warm and disperse lung cold and resolve phlegm, which is an important medicine for treating cold and subduing lung. Efficacy: dispelling wind and cold, inducing resuscitation, relieving pain, warming lung and resolving fluid. The main treatment syndromes are wind-cold exterior syndrome (especially nasal congestion, headache and limb pain), yang deficiency and exogenous pathogen. ② Headache in nasal sinus. ③ Headwind headache, toothache and arthralgia due to wind-cold-dampness. ④ Cough and asthma due to cold drink. Compatibility of Herba Asari with Zingiberis Rhizoma and Fructus Schisandrae Chinensis: Herba Asari is pungent in warming, expelling wind and cold, and warming lung and resolving yin; Dried ginger is pungent and hot, warming the middle and dispelling cold, warming the lungs and dissolving drinks; Schisandra chinensis is sour and warm, astringing lung qi and nourishing kidney yin. The combination of the three drugs has astringency in warming and dryness, which is good at warming the lung and dissolving the drink, and does not consume qi and hurt the yin. It is effective to treat cold drink with asthma and cough for a long time. Dosage and usage 1-3g. Appropriate amount for external use, which can be ground into powder, blown nose or applied externally. Pay attention to the use of this product, pungent and warm powder, so it is contraindicated for patients with excessive sweating due to qi deficiency, headache due to yang hyperactivity due to yin deficiency, cough due to yin deficiency or lung heat. There is also a small poison, so the dosage should not be too large, especially after grinding. Anti-veratrum. Pharmacology This product has antipyretic, analgesic, sedative, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antihistamine, antiallergic, and relaxing bronchial smooth muscle effects. The dried roots of Angelica dahurica and Angelica dahurica of Umbelliferae are derived from Angelica dahurica. Sexual taste is pungent and warm. Enter the lung and stomach meridians. Performance characteristics: This product is pungent, warm and dry, fragrant, and good at eliminating the evil of lung and stomach meridians. Exogenous wind-cold can relieve exterior syndrome, while upper nasal orifice can relieve pain. Entering Yangming can dry dampness and dispel cold and stop leukorrhagia, and walking the skin can reduce swelling, expel pus and relieve itching and treat sores and rashes. The best treatment for Yangming headache. Efficacy: dispelling wind, relieving exterior syndrome, inducing resuscitation, relieving pain, eliminating dampness, stopping leukorrhagia, relieving swelling and pus, and relieving itching. Indications: ① exogenous wind-cold or exterior syndrome with dampness and headache and nasal congestion. ② Yangming headache, eyebrow bone pain, nasal sinus headache and toothache. ③ Wind-cold-dampness arthralgia, with cold and dampness coming down. ④ The sores are swollen and toxic. ⑤ Wind eczema itches. Dosage is 3-9g. Note that this product is pungent and warm, so it should not be taken by people with yin deficiency and blood heat. Elsholtzia comes from the dry aerial parts of Elsholtzia bodinieri, a labiatae plant. Pungent and warm in nature. [Characteristics] It can not only relieve exterior syndrome by sweating, but also relieve summer heat by eliminating dampness and neutralizing the middle energizer. It can also promote lung qi and induce diuresis to reduce swelling. It is as effective as Herba Ephedrae and has strong drug power. It is most suitable for treating yin cold, closing summer heat and geomantic edema, and is known as "Xia Yue Ephedra". Efficacy: sweating, relieving exterior syndrome, neutralizing dampness, promoting diuresis and reducing swelling. Main treatment syndromes ① Yin-summer heat syndrome of enjoying the cool and drinking cold in summer, and Yang-qi being restrained by Yin-evil. 2 edema, unfavorable urination. Dosage and usage: 3 ~ 9g. To induce diuresis and relieve swelling, it is necessary to decoct in thick. Caution in use: This product has strong sweating power, so it is forbidden for those with exterior deficiency and sweating. Ligusticum is derived from the dried rhizomes and roots of Ligusticum spp. and Ligusticum spp. of Umbelliferae. Pungent and warm in nature. [Performance characteristics] It can not only dispel cold, treat exterior syndrome of wind-cold and exterior syndrome with dampness; It can also dispel wind, overcome dampness, relieve pain, and treat wind-cold-dampness arthralgia and headache caused by head wind. Work is like notopterygium, especially for headache. The efficacy is to dispel cold, dispel wind and overcome dampness, and relieve pain. Main treatment syndromes ① exterior syndrome of wind-cold with dampness and headache. ② arthralgia due to wind-cold and dampness. The dosage is 3 ~ 9g. Pay attention to the use of Xin Wen Fa San, so headache due to blood deficiency and heat syndrome are contraindicated. Xanthium sibiricum is derived from the dried fruit of Xanthium sibiricum of Compositae. Sexual taste is pungent, bitter and warm. There is a little poison. Efficacy of dispelling cold, dredging nasal orifices, removing dampness and relieving pain, and relieving itching. Indications: ① Headache in nasal cavity, headache due to wind-cold, and exterior syndrome with dampness. ② Rheumatalgia, wind eczema itching and scabies. Dosage and usage: 3 ~ 9g. Decoct, or take pills and powder. Caution in use: This product is pungent and toxic, and it is easy to be poisoned if taken in excess, causing vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea, etc. Therefore, it should not be taken too much, and it is not suitable for people with blood deficiency and headache. Flos Magnoliae is the dried bud of Magnolia officinalis or Magnolia grandiflora of Magnoliaceae. Pungent and warm in nature. Efficacy of dispelling cold and dredging nose. The main treatment is nasal deep headache, wind-cold headache and stuffy nose. Dosage and usage: 3 ~ 9g. This product is hairy and irritates the throat, so it should be wrapped in gauze for oral administration. Appropriate amount for external use. Note that this product is pungent, warm, fragrant and dry, so it should not be taken by those with yin deficiency and excessive fire.