Li Zuoche
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Li Zuoche (ju) (date of birth and death unknown), a native of Bai (Xingtai Longyao) in the Western Han Dynasty . The grandson of Li Mu, the famous general of Zhao State, and a counselor during the Qin and Han Dynasties. At the end of the Qin Dynasty, when the six kingdoms came together, Li Zuoche assisted King Xie of Zhao, made great military exploits for Zhao, and was named Lord Guangwu.
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Deeds
Military History
Li Zuoche Tomb
Li Zuoche Temple
Tieba Photo Album
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Deeds
Lifetime Legend
Han Gaozu In October of the third year (204 BC), Liu Bang, the emperor of the Han Dynasty, sent generals Han Xin and Zhang Er to lead more than 10,000 newly recruited Han troops across the Taihang Mountains and advanced eastward to attack Zhao, Xiang Yu's vassal state. Li Zuoche led Zhao Wangxie and Zhao Jun commander Chen Yu to concentrate 200,000 troops at Jingxingkou in the Taihang Mountains (now east of Jingxing, Hebei), occupying favorable terrain and preparing for a decisive battle with Han Xin. Li Zuoche believed that the Han army was short of food for thousands of miles, and the soldiers were hungry and tired. Moreover, the Jingxing Valley was narrow and long, so chariots and horses could not run parallel to each other, so it was better to defend than to attack. As long as you strictly observe it, you will be foolproof. So, he stated his interests to Chen Yu, the commander-in-chief of Zhao State, and asked himself to lead 30,000 troops. After telling the story from the source, he cut off the Han army's food and grass. Chen Yu disagreed and did not strictly guard Jingxing, but insisted on taking the lead in the battle.
Han Xin quickly selected 2,000 light cavalry, and in the middle of the night, he took a roundabout way back to the flank of Zhao Jun's camp and waited for an attack. The next morning, Han Xin and Zhang Er led the main force out of Jingxingkou and set up a "backwater formation" on the east bank of the Mian River to lure Zhao Jun to attack. Sure enough, the Zhao army came out in full force to pursue the Han army. The Han army ambushed and took advantage of the opportunity to seize Zhao's camp. Zhao Jun saw this and was in chaos. The Han army took advantage of the situation and attacked from both front and rear, defeating the Zhao army. Han Xin beheaded Chen Yu, captured the King of Zhao, and destroyed the State of Zhao.
After Zhao died, Han Xin offered a reward of a thousand gold to capture Li Zuoche. Soon, someone kidnapped Li Zuoche and sent him to Han Xin's tent. Han Xin immediately untied him, asked him to sit facing east, treated him as a teacher, and asked him for advice on how to defeat Qi and Yan. Li Zuoche believed that the Han soldiers were exhausted and their combat effectiveness was greatly reduced. If they fought head-on with the Qi and Yan armies, the outcome would be difficult to predict. It is better to suspend the troops according to the armor, suppress Zhao and Anmin, and send people to persuade Qi Yan to surrender with military force, and Qi Yan can be determined. Han Xin adopted Li Zuoche's plan, and Yan surrendered without any attack.
A wise man will surely make a mistake if he thinks a lot; a fool will gain something if he thinks a lot
Li Zuoche left a message to future generations: "A wise man will make a mistake if he thinks a lot; a fool will make a mistake if he thinks a lot. He also wrote a military book "Guangwu Jun", which discusses the strategy of using troops and has been widely circulated. Li Zuoche was very popular among the people and was revered as the Hail God. In "Strange Stories from a Chinese Studio: Hail God", there is a legendary story about how he dropped hail in Zhangqiu, filling the ditches without damaging the crops.
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Military history
Li Zuoche’s life
Zhao was the grandson of Li Mu, the famous general of Li Zuoche’s country. At the end of the Qin Dynasty, when the six kingdoms came together, Zuo Che assisted Zhao Wanghe and was named Lord Guangwu. In 204 BC, Liu Bang, the emperor of the Han Dynasty, sent generals Han Xin and Zhang Er to lead troops to attack the State of Zhao, and the troops entered Jingxingkou. Zuo Che thought that the Han army was short of food for thousands of miles, and the soldiers were hungry and tired. Moreover, the Jingxing Valley was narrow and the ditch was long, and the chariots and horses could not run parallel to each other. Therefore, it was better to defend than to attack. As long as you strictly observe it, nothing will go wrong. Li Zuoche then stated his interests to Chen Yu, the guard general of Zhao State, and asked himself to lead 30,000 troops. After a while, he would cut off the Han army's food and grass. In less than ten days, the Han army could be completely annihilated. Chen Yu disagreed and went out to fight. Han Xin defeated the Zhao army, beheaded Chen Yu, captured the king of Zhao, and destroyed the Zhao state. Li Zuoche was also taken to Han Xin's place. Han Xin had long heard of Zuo Chexian's name, personally released him from his bonds, treated him as a teacher, and asked for advice on strategies to defeat Qi and Yan. Zuo Che said that the general traveled thousands of miles and defeated Zhao in one fell swoop, which shocked the world. However, the soldiers are hungry and tired, and their sharpness has been exhausted. If we garrison the troops together and Yan Jian's city, the victory or defeat will be difficult to decide. It is better to suspend the troops according to the armor, suppress Zhao and Anmin, and send people to persuade Qi Yan to surrender with military force, and Qi Yan can be determined. Han Xin adopted a left-hand strategy, and Yan Guo fell without any attack. Zuo Che wrote a military book "Guangwu Jun", which discusses military strategies and is widely circulated.
Thousands of considerations, one gain
During the conflict between Chu and Han, Liu Bang's general Han Xin defeated Zhao and captured King Zhao and counselor Li Zuoche. One day, Han Xin asked Li Zuoche for advice. He said that he was preparing to attack Yan and Qi and came here to ask for advice.
Li Zuoche was a very strategic man, and now that he was a prisoner, he repeatedly pushed back. After Han Xin repeatedly requested, he replied: "A wise man will lose something if he worries a lot, and a fool will gain something if he worries a lot." Then he said: "It is not suitable to attack Yan and Qi at the moment. We should comfort the people, reward the soldiers, and at the same time use superior troops. March towards the Yan State to build momentum and force the Yan State to obey. Once the King of Yan obeys, the Qi State will obey. This is the method stated in the military book." Han Xin accepted the suggestion and soon won the victory. He conquered the lands of Yan and Qi.
From now on, "a thousand considerations and a gain" will be used to illustrate that even stupid people will have merits after many considerations.
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Li Zuoche’s tomb
Six Li Zuoche’s tombs
According to the investigation, nationwide, Li Zuoche’s tomb There are six left chariot tombs.
The tomb of Li Zuoche in Tongxu County, Kaifeng City, Henan Province
It is located in Lizuo Village, Sunying Township, 15 kilometers northwest of Tongxu County. Lizuo Village was originally called Guangwu Town. It is said that Li Zuoche was awarded the title of Daliang for his merit. In his later years, he lived as a secluded believer here and was deeply loved by the people. After his death, he was buried here. Later generations changed the original Guangwu Town to Lizuo Village to commemorate it, and the place name is still used today. Li Zuoche's tomb is a cultural relic protection unit in Tongxu County. The tomb is a round mound with a height of 5 meters. The cemetery area is about 400 square meters. According to the "Tongxu County Chronicle" (edited in the 22nd year of Jiajing in the Ming Dynasty): "There is a stone in front of the tomb, only two feet square, and the writing is wiped out. The first one can be identified, it is the tomb of Jun Li Zuoche. At the end it says: 'Lin Wei Xian' Water, but overlooking Yishan'. Now there is an inscription in front of the tomb, which was re-erected by Li Shoubi, the governor of Tongxu County in the seventh year of Daoguang in the Qing Dynasty (AD 1827), with the inscription "The tomb of Li Zuoche, Zhao County, Shijiazhuang City, Hebei Province" is located in Zhao. It is located at the Shang and Zhou ruins 500 meters west of Song Village, Zhaozhou Town, County. In 1993, the site was announced as a provincial key cultural relic protection unit. The ruins are Dagangbu, which is about 6 meters above the ground. The current mound is 116 meters long from north to south, 75 meters wide from east to west, and covers an area of ??about 9,000 square meters. The upper part is the ruins of Xilin Temple. There is a hexagonal brick pagoda from the Yuan Dynasty. To the east is the tomb of Li Zuoche.
The Tomb of Li Zuoche in Shenzhou City, Hengshui City, Hebei Province
It is located one kilometer northwest of Dafengying Village, Shenzhou City. The original height of the tomb is about 10 meters, and the existing seal is about 1.5 meters high, 30 meters long and 30 meters wide, and covers an area of ??900 square meters. 150 meters south of the tomb, there are five mounds distributed in a semicircle shape. Each mound is 80 meters apart, 150 meters long, 50 meters wide and about 5 meters high. They are all oval in shape. Legend has it that Li Zuoche was from Raoyang. After his death, his coffin was transported from south to north. When passing through Dafengying Village in Shenzhou City, the iron chain binding the coffin suddenly broke and it stopped here. A strong wind blew up, causing the earth to bury the coffin. In recent years, Li family from Raoyang County has gone to worship.
The Tomb of Li Zuoche in Wudi County, Binzhou City, Shandong Province
The tomb of Li Zuoche in Wudi County, commonly known as "Baoquan Temple", is located in Chezhen Township, 17 kilometers north of Wudi County 0.5 kilometers north of Chezhen Village. According to the "Wudi County Chronicle" of the Republic of China, "the tomb of Li Zuoche, Lord Guangwu of Han Dynasty, is located thirty miles north of the city." In November 1977, the tomb was cleared and excavated. The tomb is a multi-chamber tomb with a rectangular brick structure, consisting of a tomb passage, a front corridor, a front chamber, a horizontal chamber, a middle chamber, two back chambers, an ear chamber, an east corridor, and a side chamber. A human skeleton was found 0.4 meters away from the front door of the tomb. The mouth was filled with copper coins, and there were also copper coins under the body, all arranged in disorder. On the top and bottom of the foot bones and on both sides of the body, there are many iron rod-like objects, 8-10 cm long, which are so decayed that it is difficult to distinguish their shapes. There is a gray clay pot 1.4 meters from the foot of the human bone. Inside the pot is an egg shell (broken in half), as well as countless small crabs and decayed rice husks. A mandible was found in the northwest part of the middle chamber. His teeth are heavily worn, he is about 50 years old, and it is difficult to distinguish between male and female. The entire tomb is decorated with tiles and painted in three colors: red, white and black, which is very beautiful. Due to the serious looting of the tomb, the only cultural relics unearthed were a gray clay pot and more than a hundred copper coins. Among the copper wires are the "five baht" coins of the Western Han and Eastern Han Dynasties and half of Wang Mang's "huoquan" (only the word "quan"). According to expert research, judging from the tomb structure, construction method and the only cultural relics unearthed, it is a large tomb in the Eastern Han Dynasty and has nothing to do with Li Zuoche.
The Tomb of Li Zuoche in Boxing County, Binzhou City, Shandong Province
It is located 1,000 meters north of Wangmu Village, Boxing Town, Boxing County, covering an area of ??116 square meters, with a seal height of 4 meters. There are three stone monuments in front of the tomb, and the inscription is "The Tomb of Guangwu Lord Li Zuoche". It is said that Li Zuoche assisted Han Xin in conquering Qi and died of illness here. The soldiers felt his kindness and built this large tomb with soil in his memory.
The Tomb of Li Zuoche in Guangrao County, Dongying City, Shandong Province
It is located in Hanjiaqiao Village, Dawang Town, Guangrao County. It is said that when Han trusted the king of Linzi, Li Zuoche was a counselor and was buried in Hanqiao Village after his death. A stone sheep was unearthed in front of the tomb, dating back 2,200 years ago. It is carved in round flat relief, in a lying posture, and is made of white marble. It is 98 cm high, 112 cm long, and weighs 3 tons. According to preliminary research by experts, this stone sheep is older than the stone sheep in front of the tomb of Huo Qubing, a general of the Han Dynasty 2100 years ago, and may be the earliest stone sheep in China.
The remains of Han Xin and Li Zuoche in Wudi County, Binzhou City, Shandong Province
1. Han Xin’s Tomb of Ma Tong: It is located in the southwest of Guo Laiyi Village, Xinyang Township, 15 kilometers north of the county, covering an area of 480 square meters, with a seal height of 2.5 meters. It is said that the owner of the tomb was Han Xin Ma Tong of the Han Dynasty. It is now well preserved.
2. Tomb of King Bao of Wei: It is located southwest of Guolaiyi Village, Xinyang Township, 8.5 kilometers north of the county, covering an area of ??1,575 square meters and a seal height of 4 meters. Local villagers commonly call it "Taizi Slope". According to the "Wudi County Chronicle" written in the 14th year of the Republic of China, "The tomb of Bao, king of the Han and Wei dynasties, is located seven miles north of the city. It is said that Han Xin came here from Yan to conquer Qi. Bao fought for 300 rounds and was killed in the battle. He ordered the soldiers to gather soil to build this tomb. "According to local legend, King Bao of Wei was a general of Chu State. It is said that Han Xin came here from Yan to conquer Qi. Bao fought against San Baihe, was struck by the disarming wind, and died in Ni Niwan (now a section of Zhulong River). King Bao of Wei and Han Xin were cousins. Han believed in his loyalty, bravery and affection for his aunt, so he ordered millions of soldiers to build a tomb for Bao here. In 1977, the ancient tomb was actually excavated (selected site survey) and it was indeed a Han tomb. In 1987, it was marked as "Guo Laiyi Ancient Tomb" and listed as a provincial key cultural relics protection unit. In 2000, local private entrepreneurs funded the renovation of the tomb at its original location. The height of the seal is as high as 7 meters, and the circumference is more than 150 steps. It is in the shape of a bucket of ingots. According to the introduction of local villagers, the ancient tomb was built in the early days and was very tall. It would take a bag of cigarettes to circle around the ancient tomb (more than a mile). Climbing to the top of the tomb, I saw the patios of people’s homes in Xinyang Ancient Town. According to legend, whenever the local villagers are in trouble, as long as they are pious, they should go to the ancient tree stump southwest of the ancient tomb and knock three times, then turn three times forward and reverse three times along the ancient tomb, and then return to the tree stump to wait. After a while, Something must be done. Later, there were greedy people who were not trustworthy and did not return the borrowed items, thus offending the gods and no longer effective.
3. Xinyang City: Xinyang Township is located 8.5 kilometers north of the county. It covers an area of ??0.8 square kilometers. It is called "Xincheng" in "Shandong General Chronicle" and is commonly known as "Xiao'an City" and "Xie'an City". "Wudi County Chronicles" records: "According to legend, it was built by Han Xin under the Qi Dynasty. It was shaped like a broken chime but lacked its southwest part. The old Xin City was probably the old city of Xin County in Hanyang." According to legend, Han Xin arrived here from Yan's attack on Qi, and lost his boots in a fierce battle... ...
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Li Zuoche Temple
Anqiu City Hail Quan Li Zuoche Temple
Li Zuoche (ju) was the grandson of Li Mu, the general of Zhao during the Warring States Period.
Li Mu was born in the southeast of Yingqiu, the capital of Qi State (now Changle, Shandong, the capital of Qi State later moved to Linzi). The State of Qi was the fiefdom of the Western Zhou strategist Jiang Taigong. Influenced by Jiang Taigong's military thinking, the State of Qi produced many military strategists, such as Sun Tzu and Sun Bin, who were also natives of the State of Qi. At that time, the state of Qi was in war, and Sun Wu went to the state of Wu. Li Mu fled the chaos to the state of Zhao, where he made a living by herding, and later became a famous general in the state of Zhao. Li Zuoche was born in Yanmen Pass of Zhao State. When Qin invaded Zhao, Wang Jian (or Li Si) used counterintuitive tactics to separate the kings and ministers of Zhao, and Li Mu was sentenced to death. With the help of Li Mu's old general, Li Zuoche cleverly stole his grandfather's bones and transported them to his hometown. He built a tomb on the mountain overnight and named it for preservation. Chen Sheng and Wu Guangda launched an uprising in Zexiang, and the anti-Qin wave swept across the country. Descendants of nobles from the Six Kingdoms also became independent. Li Zuoche was also invited back to Zhao. In the Battle of Jingxing, Li Zuoche was captured and surrendered to the Han Dynasty, and was appreciated by Han Xin. Helped Han Xin formulate a series of military plans. Han Xin was even more powerful. In order to contain Han Xin, Liu Bang transferred Li Zuoche to the prince Liu Ying to assist the prince. Li Zuoche taught Liu Ying how to train soldiers and horses on the mountain outside Xingyang City.
This mountain was named Guangwu Mountain by Liu Ying. Today's chess is made based on the situation at that time. The word "Che" was called ju for the first time. After Han Xin was killed, Li Zuoche resigned and returned to his hometown to guard the tomb of his grandfather. He helped the poor and the poor, and spread his kindness. After his death, he was made a hail god. "Preservation" was also interpreted as a hail spring. In the early Han Dynasty, Gaorun Pavilion was built in Haiquan Village, where villagers offered sacrifices at all times. In the Tang Dynasty, Li Shimin named Li Zuoche the Lingpei Marquis in memory of this ancestor of his family, and expanded the size of the temple. After the founding of New China, this place was the seat of Qiunan County Government. During the Cultural Revolution, the temple was destroyed. Later rebuilt. Still named Gao Run Pavilion. (Li Wei, a descendant of the Li family in Hailquan, is writing a book - Biography of Li Zuoche based on his family tree and visiting Li Zuoche's remains across the country).