The Seven National Defense Schools, also known as the "Seven National Defense Schools", currently refer to the seven universities directly under the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of the People's Republic of China and the People's Republic of China, including: Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics (Aerospace, Aviation), Beijing Institute of Technology (Weapons, Aerospace), Harbin Institute of Technology (Aerospace, Aviation), Northwestern Polytechnical University (Aviation, Aerospace, Navigation, Weapons), Harbin Engineering University (Navigation, Nuclear Energy, Aerospace, Aviation, Weapons), Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics (Aerospace, Aviation, Civil Aviation), Nanjing University of Science and Technology (Weapons).
The meaning of ministerial-level universities: There are several types of university ownership in our country: some schools are directly under the control of the Ministry of Education, and some schools are local, provincial universities or municipal universities. But before the late 1880s and early 1990s, many schools were directly under the jurisdiction of various national ministries, such as the Ministry of Railways, the Ministry of Machinery Industry, and the Ministry of Finance.
Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics is known as the "Big Brother in Aerospace". It was founded in 1952 by Tsinghua University, Beiyang University, and Xiamen University. The aviation departments of eight universities including the University and Sichuan University were merged and established. In April 1988, it was renamed from Beijing Institute of Aeronautics to Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics. It is the first aerospace institution of higher learning in New China. In the 1950s, my country's first unmanned aircraft was the masterpiece of teachers and students at Beihang University; in contemporary times, the takeoff of my country's new generation of large jetliner C919 with completely independent intellectual property rights is also inseparable from the contributions of relevant experts and scholars at Beihang University. . Beihang University holds the two directions of aviation and aerospace. In the field of aerospace, we insist on holding on to Harbin Institute of Technology, and in the field of aviation, we firmly occupy the top spot. At the end of the 20th century, Beihang University's life was quite tight. After the Kosovo War, firstly, it was stimulated and discovered that "air power determines everything." Secondly, it obtained the source of technology, so it increased its investment. Beihang's status also increased accordingly.
There are 7 world-class construction disciplines: mechanics, instrument science and technology, materials science and engineering, control science and engineering, computer science and technology, aerospace science and technology, and software engineering. ?
8 national key first-level disciplines: management science and engineering, aerospace science and technology, computer science and technology, control science and engineering, materials science and engineering, mechanics, mechanical engineering, instrument science and technology project.
Beijing Institute of Technology
Beijing Institute of Technology was born in Yan'an in 1940. It is the first university of science and engineering founded by the Communist Party of China and is also a university with "red genes" of colleges and universities. In 1949, the school moved to Beijing; in 1952, the school was renamed Beijing Institute of Technology, becoming the first national defense industry college in New China; in 1988, the school was renamed Beijing Institute of Technology. Beijing Institute of Technology can be regarded as a direct descendant of the military industry. It has been manufacturing weapons since Yan'an. Among the 37 phalanxes displayed in the September 3 military parade, the equipment of 25 phalanxes was the result of research and development by Bili people. When BIT was founded, the department design was built around missile research and development, but now the most significant achievements are in the areas of ground weapons, special materials, and special pyrotechnics (explosives). "Yan'an Roots, Military Industry Soul" highly summarizes Beijing Institute of Technology, the "cradle university of red national defense engineers", from the first television transmitting and receiving device, the first two-stage solid high-altitude detection rocket, the first light tank, the first They have created many "firsts" in the field of national defense, including the first low-altitude altimetry radar and the first 20-kilometer long-range camera.
Three world-class construction disciplines: materials science and engineering, control science and engineering, and weapons science and technology. ?
Four national key first-level disciplines: Mechanical Engineering, Optical Engineering, Information and Communication Engineering, Ordnance Science and Technology
Harbin Institute of Technology
Harbin Institute of Technology The university is undoubtedly the most well-known among the "Seven Sons of National Defense". Harbin Institute of Technology was founded in 1920 and initially absorbed teaching models from Russia and Japan. In 1938, the school was renamed "National Harbin Institute of Technology". In 1951, it was identified as one of the two model universities in the country for learning foreign higher education education models. Graduates were directly awarded the title of engineer, so it was also known as the cradle of engineers. As a leader in engineering science, Harbin Institute of Technology has also made outstanding contributions in the field of national defense science and technology, especially in the field of aerospace research. It became the first university in the world to send a miniature probe to the lunar orbit. Many technical difficulties were overcome during the process, and the task was finally completed successfully.
After nearly a century of ups and downs, Harbin Institute of Technology now has not only one campus in Harbin, but also two campuses in Weihai and Shenzhen. Harbin Institute of Technology's expertise in military industry lies in the aerospace field.
Seven world-class construction disciplines: mechanics, mechanical engineering, materials science and engineering, control science and engineering, computer science and technology, civil engineering, environmental science and engineering;?
There are 9 national key first-level disciplines: mechanics, mechanical engineering, instrument science and technology, materials science and engineering, power engineering and engineering thermophysics, control science and engineering, computer science and technology, civil engineering, and management science and engineering.
Harbin Engineering University
Harbin Engineering University was the most important military-industrial institution in the early years of the founding of the People's Republic of my country. The predecessor of Harbin Engineering University is the Chinese People's Liberation Army Military Engineering College ("Harbin Military Engineering") founded in 1953. It can be said that it has the same roots as Nanjing University of Science and Technology. In 1970, based on the entire establishment of the Naval Engineering Department and some cadres and teachers from other departments (departments), the Harbin Ship Engineering Institute was established at the original site of the "Harbin Military Industry". In 1994, it was renamed Harbin Engineering University. The school’s subject characteristics focus on the fields of “three seas and one core” (shipbuilding industry, naval equipment, ocean development, and nuclear energy application). The school's predecessor, the Harbin Institute of Ship Engineering, has created many firsts in my country's ship and marine high-tech fields: the first small speedboat, gunboat, nuclear submarine, etc. It is an epoch-making contribution to my country's independent research and development of independently designed ships and enhanced naval power. significance.
One world-class construction discipline: shipbuilding and ocean engineering. ?
One national key first-level discipline: Shipbuilding and Ocean Engineering.
Northwestern Polytechnical University
Northwestern Polytechnical University is located in Xi'an, Shaanxi Province. It is characterized by aviation, aerospace, and navigation (three aviation). The school was established in Xi'an in October 1957 by the merger of Northwest Institute of Technology and Xi'an Aeronautical Institute; in 1970, the Aeronautical Engineering Department of Harbin Institute of Technology was fully integrated. Northwestern Polytechnical University has made significant contributions to the development of my country's national defense science and technology and the construction of the national economy, and their presence can be seen in the three aviation fields. At the National Day military parade marking the 60th anniversary of the founding of the People’s Republic of China, all 10 drones of three types were developed and produced by Northwestern Polytechnical University. There were also many secret-related projects in the field of national defense. On the one hand, there was a grand journey across the stars and sea. On the one hand, it is an important weapon of the country to defend the country. NPU is an old military-industrial school that shocks the entire west. The old and strong majors are the "three aviation", namely aviation, navigation and aerospace. In recent years, 3M (materials, machinery, mechanics) and 3C (electronic information, control, computer) have been the focus of breakthroughs. The chief engineer of the J-20 is a graduate of NPU, and almost half of the main developers of the J-10 are NPU alumni.
Two world-class construction disciplines: mechanical engineering, materials science and engineering. ?
There are 2 national key first-level disciplines: materials science and engineering, aerospace science and technology.
Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics was founded in October 1952. It is one of the first aviation colleges and universities founded by New China. The school's predecessor was Nanjing Aviation Industry College, which was founded in October 1952 based on the 511 Factory. In 1978, it was designated as a national key university by the State Council. In 1993, it was renamed Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics. In the field of national defense science and technology, the school has participated in the pre-research, technical research, and experimental research of almost all important aviation models in our country. Many technologies have been successfully applied in aerospace projects such as "Chang'e-3" and have contributed to the development of our country's aerospace industry. made important contributions. Today's Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics is located in the ancient capital of Nanjing. It has two campuses, the Ming Palace Museum and Jiangjun Road. Its geographical location can be described as a geomantic treasure.
One world-class construction discipline: Mechanics?
Two national key first-level disciplines: Aerospace Science and Technology, Mechanics
Nanjing University of Science and Technology
p>Nanjing University of Science and Technology was founded in 1953 by the Military Engineering College of the Chinese People's Liberation Army (hereinafter referred to as "Harbin Military Engineering"), the highest institution of military science and technology in New China. It has experienced the Artillery Engineering College, the East China Institute of Engineering, In the development stage such as East China Institute of Technology, it was renamed Nanjing University of Science and Technology in 1993. Because it inherited the blood of "Harbin Military Industry", Nanjing University of Science and Technology has also exerted its strengths in the field of military industry and is known as the "cradle of weapons technical talents."
There is a weapons museum on the campus of Nanjing University of Science and Technology, which collects a large number of weapons and equipment from different historical periods around the world since World War I. Nanjing University of Science and Technology is actually the artillery academy of Harbin Military Industry, and its specialty is artillery. The entire department is structured according to the artillery design process. The Mechanical Institute makes cannons, the Dynamic Institute makes cannonballs, the Chemistry Institute researches gunpowder and materials to develop cannon bodies, and the Electro-Optics Institute researches sights.
One world-class construction discipline: Ordnance Science and Technology?
Two national key first-level disciplines: Ordnance Science and Technology, Optical Engineering
Seven Sons of Aviation Also known as the "Seven Aviation Schools", it is the reputation of seven top aviation-related majors. Each of the "Seven Aviation Schools" is an aviation school certified by the Ministry of Education and has formal enrollment qualifications. "Seven Aviation Schools" is the oldest and most professional school in the field of training professional aviation flight attendants in China. It is the main recruitment school for flight attendants, safety officers and other civil aviation and general aviation positions in major airlines. Among them, two institutions are located in the northern region of my country and five are located in the southern region of my country. Candidates can apply for institutions according to the geographical location of the institution and the admissions conditions specified by each institution.