What are the big balls on both sides of goldfish's mouth for?

This is a variant,

Bubble goldfish, also known as bubble eye goldfish, is a late-maturing variety. There is no record about it in Zhusha Fish Manual and Goldfish Products in Ming Dynasty, and in Bamboo Leaf Pavilion Miscellanies in Qing Dynasty. Bubble goldfish was first discovered in egg goldfish in 1908. The initial blisters are not obvious, and the blisters are very small. Lin Handa, a famous linguist, wrote in the book Goldfish Feeding in the 1940s that there is such a description: "In fact, there is a blister at the bottom of the eye socket, as if the lower eye edge of a person has been stung by a wasp, so there is nothing to see when it swells up ..." In Guangdong and Hong Kong, many people do not want to keep the blister because it is easy to break. Despite some misunderstandings, the bubble-eyed goldfish is still loved by many lovers. Common varieties are: red blisters, white blisters, blue blisters, red and white blisters, black and white blisters, iron-clad gold blisters, red top blisters, ink blisters, streaky pork blisters and purple-blue blisters. Most goldfish with blisters belong to egg species, but some of them have dorsal fins. This kind of blister with dorsal fin, also called flag-pulling blister, is listed as a literary species. There are also some hybrid varieties, such as high-headed blisters and five-flowered pearl blisters. Blisters can also be divided into soft bubbles and hard bubbles.

There is also a "four-bubble goldfish" with bubble type variation. There are two kinds. One is that there are two small blisters inside the big blister and above the head. So there are four blisters on the side and top of the head, which is very rare. There is also a mandibular blister, which is different from a blister. It is the two small pockets protruding from the lower jaw of goldfish, which are directly connected with the water body. When a goldfish swallows food, its jaw bubbles will contract with it, which is very interesting, so it is also called "foaming". This variety was first cultivated by Mr. Tian Jian from Yingkou, Liaoning Province in 1980s, and won the gold medal in the 5th China Flower Expo.