Dean of Tsinghua Academy of Social Sciences, Head of Psychology Department.
first part
Why do we need positive psychology?
Reasons for the failure of innovative companies to start their own businesses
CB Insights found that the failure rate of American Silicon Valley technology companies in their first venture was 90%. After analyzing the failure cases of1kloc-0/technology companies, it was found that there were three main reasons:
First, the market.
Second, technical reasons (Moore's Law)
Thirdly, psychological reasons: lack of passion and exhaustion account for 2 1%, which is more influential than not surfing the internet and having no legal awareness.
Many of us think that we must succeed, and we must make our career successful. This may not be possible, so China's wisdom is to pursue his dreams with a normal heart.
Entrepreneurship needs passion, impulse, ideal and pursuit. Without such passion, entrepreneurship is difficult to succeed and innovation can't go out.
Christina Mashah (American social psychologist) is famous for finding fatigue in her research. He found that many smart people ended up with nothing, not because he was not smart enough, nor because he didn't work hard enough. Sometimes it is because he is too smart and too hard that that phenomenon is caused. The English name is burn out, which means mental fatigue, not physical fatigue, but mental fatigue, which means that many innovative enterprises have failed.
A positive attitude is important, not because it keeps us from failure, but most importantly, it makes us more successful. So where does success come from?
Successful mysticism explanation:
1, Plato: a gift from God
2. Non-human blessings
3, one life, two luck and three feng shui
4, four products, Yin De, Five Blessingg studied.
5. Six Seven Phases and Eight Worshipping Gods
6, nine friends and ten health
Early psychological explanation of creativity;
Freud believed that innovation is to express one's unconscious desires in a way accepted by the public.
Sex, death and fear are the sources of innovation.
"Genius is crazy."
A large number of studies have found that genius does not show extraordinary creativity when it is crazy.
Positive psychology research;
Positive emotions can stimulate creativity.
The role of positive emotions
Such as playing (exploring).
Enhance vitality and flexibility
Innovation capacity
Action vitality
Frederickson (psychologist) Barbara Frederickson found that when people are happy and relaxed, they have the tendency and ability of creativity, ideas, wisdom and action. She has done many experiments and found that people's thinking is actually narrow when they are anxious, angry and worried.
A happy mood is conducive to innovation.
Harvard psychologist Theresa Amabile has studied creativity for more than 20 years. He found that creative people:
1, happier than the average person. On the day before a major creative breakthrough, there is often at least one thing that makes them happy.
She also found that pressure, unemployment and competition will reduce people's creativity, and a happy mood is a necessary condition for creativity.
People do not achieve great innovative achievements by pressure. Stress enables people to do what they are most familiar with and achieve the ultimate, so simple sports skills and brainless processing skills are effective. Anything that needs our mental ability must be so innovative in a happy state of youth. Why do we need a positive attitude? There is also a particularly important psychological research, that is, the innovative blessing experience of the famous psychologist Csikszentmihalyi.
What is traffic?
During the period of 1990- 1995, American psychologist Chi Chen Mihai investigated 9 1 people with great innovation ability. They have all made great contributions in their respective fields. They are still working in their sixties. They found that they all had the following innovative blessings: no distraction, unity of knowledge and action, and two things.
Innovation needs vitality.
Phelps, who won the Nobel Prize in Economics in 2006, believes that success, wealth and innovation are closely related to the vitality of life.
The embodiment of vitality includes: curiosity, longing, reading and traveling.
Only when people, units, institutions and society are in a dynamic state can they have creativity, innovation and economic development. So he used a concept called "great prosperity", which is as brilliant as this flower, indicating that people can make outstanding contributions to innovation and entrepreneurship only if their mood is as brilliant as a flower, and so can people and enterprises.
Martin Seyrig (Martin seligman)
Innovation needs future orientation. Are we homo sapiens or apes?
The advantage of human intelligence may be to imagine the future.
The success of innovation and entrepreneurship needs a future-oriented spirit. We are the only creatures that can dream. We have a nervous system in the prefrontal lobe of the human brain. When we look forward to the future, this nervous system plans and depicts the future. We are future-oriented creatures, not determined by the past. We have a future.
It is found that people who look to the future and plan for the future are more likely to innovate, start businesses and achieve things. Healthy people, young people, smart people and successful people are often willing to talk about the future.
Sick people, failed people, dying people, miss the past and look forward to the future. This is our unique and great nature.
When a person imagines a better life in the future, he will take the initiative to fasten his seat belt when getting on the bus, he will exercise without smoking, he will invest, he will study and he will attend classes. Why? These are the needs of the future.
What is the second part of positive psychology?
What is psychology? Psychology is a science that studies human nature.
Positive psychology uses scientific methods to study what different lives people have.
Scientifically speaking, there are many animal instincts in people, which are called animality. Human nature is necessarily different from the animality of animals, so logically speaking, A is equal to A, A is not equal to B, and A and B should not overlap. Therefore, anyone who describes animal instinct as human nature is logically confused.
Some people like to say that people are cruel, selfish and stingy, which are all animal instincts left in people. We can beat animals not because our animality is stronger than theirs, but because we are inferior to wild animals in animal instinct. For example, our running spirit is inferior to theirs, our speed is inferior to theirs, our reproductive ability is inferior to theirs, and our struggle ability is inferior to theirs.
Our teeth are not as sharp as theirs, our strength is not as strong as theirs, and our bodies are not as strong as theirs. But why do we humble creatures become the first of all things and the master of the earth after tens of millions of years? The reason is simple, because we have qualities that they don't have. This characteristic is called humanity.
What is human nature? Is that a person's unique competitive advantage is called humanity.
Evolution is the foundation of positive psychology. Positive psychology is a science that studies positive human nature.
Wang Yangming: Everyone can be a saint. Conscience, knowing and doing, my nature is enough.
A positive attitude is an evolutionary advantage.
Human psychology is also the result of long-term evolution and historical choice.
Natural selection and sexual selection are the main evolutionary processes that produce these psychological mechanisms.
Evolution theory:
Human nature is the result of change and choice.
Natural selection, survival of the fittest
The opposite sex chooses beauty for survival = beautiful survival.
Darwin's works:
Origin of species, expression of human and animals, origin of human and sexual selection.