Liu Gongquan's achievements in regular script in his life Liu Gongquan is a summary and innovator of regular script style. On the basis of learning and inheriting the regular script styles of Zhong You and Wang Xizhi, he read modern calligraphy, learned from Yan Zhenqing, absorbed his new ideas and formed his own school? Liu ti? Regular script, a model of later generations, has become? Tang Shu Shang Fa? One of the outstanding representatives.
His handwriting is even, thin and hard, and he pursues Wei Bei firmly. His stippling is crisp and beautiful, with thick bones and tight body. ? Books are expensive, thin, hard and spiritual? His regular script, compared with Yan style, is slightly even and thin, so there is? Yan gu? Known as.
Since the end of Tang Chaoyuan, Liu Gongquan's reputation has become higher and higher. Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty especially cherished Mo Bao of Liu Gongquan. He once called Liu Gongquan to the front of the temple. The military commander ordered Simon Xuan Ji to hold the inkstone, and Cui Juyuan, the special envoy of the Tang Dynasty, took the pen. Liu Gongquan wrote it in real words on a piece of paper? Mrs Wei's calligraphy is in Wang Youjun? Cross; Write in lines on a piece of paper? How did you learn to write a thousand words in Yongchun Temple? Eleven characters; Write in grass on paper? How does the predicate help others? Eight characters. Xuanzong gave him brocade, bottles and jars and other silverware. And let him write a thank-you letter, whether it is a real book or a cursive script.
At that time, the minister's family set up a monument to his ancestors. If there is no inscription by Liu Gongquan, people will think it is unfilial. Moreover, Liu Gongquan's reputation spread far and wide overseas. When he went abroad to pay tribute, he specially prepared money to buy Liu Gongquan's calligraphy. Tang Wenzong once praised his calligraphy, even the rebirth of Zhong You and Wang Xizhi.
Today, the first choice for people to learn calligraphy is still Yan, Liu, Ou, Chu, Yu and other calligraphers in the Tang Dynasty, especially a set of regular script norms founded by Liu Gongquan, which is still an example for people to learn. Liu Gongquan made outstanding contributions to the reform and development of calligraphy art, summed up the development of calligraphy in the Tang Dynasty, and laid the foundation for the overall development of regular script.
The cultural spirit of Liu Gongquan Some people say that you write a biography of Liu Zongyuan, and I say it is Liu Gongquan. Often, we read more poems by Liu Zongyuan in books. In the genealogy, Liu Zongyuan called Liu Gongquan an uncle, separated by several generations, not a matter of five clothes. Liu Zongyuan's ancestors were prime ministers in the early Tang Dynasty, and Wu Zetian was accused of conspiring to make chaos because she was on the wrong side, and was exiled to a place in the south called Aizhou, which is now Chiang Mai, Vietnam. Finally, he was hunted down. After that, many ancestors of the Liu family could not turn over, until his grandfather's hand, he became the county magistrate of Yaoxian County, separated from the brilliant ancestors for more than 100 years, far from the prime minister. Liu Zongyuan finally won the Jinshi and entered the court. As a result, due to Liu Liu's innovation, he was banished to Liuzhou. He was forty or fifty years old at that time. Liu Gongquan began to have a bad career. The older he is, the more valuable he is. He lived to be eighty-eight. How did this man get along in officialdom? Character is fate, so we need to explore his character. He served seven or eight generations of emperors, whether assisting Jinshi or living Jinshi. The emperor is like a merry-go-round, he is still him. In other words, he did not participate in those personnel disputes, intrigue and intrigue, but only taught the words well and wrote the imperial edict well, without making irresponsible remarks. But at the same time, he is a little weak. He also participated in the visit and made suggestions to the emperor. Then those people went into exile, died and killed, and he chickened out. As a right gleaning, that is, gleaning and filling a vacancy, as a staff officer, giving advice to the emperor. In order to persuade the emperor not to covet enjoyment, some gleanings were collected. The old emperor's bones are not cold, and the new emperor will take a group of maids to visit Mount Li. Liu Gongquan and several admonishers advised the emperor not to go and blocked the car. One of the lecturers lay there, his head bleeding. The emperor told him to take him away and kill him. Liu Gongquan saw that it was useless to meet such an emperor, and he didn't say anything. He had his own cultural position in his heart, and of course he could call it self-protection. But he will never do what you knock me down and I knock you down. Today you come to exile him, and tomorrow he comes to exile you. You killed him, and the man behind you killed you. Liu Gongquan is an introverted person, who never takes part in these things, so he can live to 88 years old and remain upright, and the older he is, the more valuable he is. Of course, official career is also a bowl of rice. Being an official for thousands of miles is just a way of life and the most reliable way to play life. In this game rule, when he felt less proud, he had to dive into the ocean of calligraphy and finally made an epoch-making cultural contribution.
I visited Liu Jiayuan in the north of Huayuan County carefully. According to the records of Yaozhou in the Ming Dynasty, the title of Huayuan existed for more than 300 years, and later it was called Maozhou, and later it was changed to Yaoxian, which continues to this day. Liu Jiayuan III faces a ditch, and there is only one danger to the outside. Look at The Legend of Mi Yue. From the Qin Dynasty to the Sui and Tang Dynasties, the nomadic people in the north were very powerful, and the grasslands were vast. They could go south from Yinchuan overnight, and thousands of troops broke Chang 'an. They don't want to live here and they don't want this place. They just grab some food, cloth, beautiful women, take wine and beautiful women, and immediately go north. Why did the Qin Dynasty build the Great Wall? It was a strategic need to resist nomadic people, and later nomadic tribes gradually integrated into the Central Plains culture. Liu Gongquan's ancestors have been to Liu Jiayuan, where the terrain is dangerous and one person guards it, but ten thousand people can't beat it. In addition, it is very close to the official road, and the path reaches the end of the road on the bank of the ditch, hidden in the mountains and valleys, which is relatively safe. Be an official if you have money; If you are poor, you will retire to the countryside; If you become an official, you will go home and farm. This is a life path choice of China traditional culture. Therefore, as Liu Jiayuan, it is a place where you can farm and study for generations. These children read well enough to be officials in the dynasty. No matter how well they do, they will eventually come back and bury the bones here. If you can't be an official, then farm the land, feed the country, eat and drink enough, and be a good farmer in the world. When I was an official for most of my life and returned to the countryside, my childhood playmates had a good life, with children and girls, clean caves, food and drink, and I was older. Some people make a big scene outside. If you go back, those people will deny you. What were they doing in the early days? Look at that cowardly formula. The value standard is different. You think you are better than ordinary people and have the right to be rich, but if you don't get it right, your head will fall off, you will be put in a cage, farmers will farm the land, and you will be fine when you receive the imperial grain. We often talk about an old man who came home from disarmament and lived in a post office. There is a young man here who is going to Beijing to test his fame, saying that your baby will forget it. Going back to farming is also a lifetime. They say you've been around outside, and it's enough to come back. The experience and understanding of life is different from the realm. Huayuanliu, that is, it lasted for 500 years. Where are all the Liu family members now? When he went out to be an official and never came back, Liu's people spread all over the country like dandelion seeds. Including the present Lantian, it is also said that there is Liu Gongquan's tomb and former residence. It is also possible that his descendants moved there, or that one of Liu Gongquan's grandnephews worked there as a county magistrate, and his descendants were there. Just like Sun Jiayuan in Sun Simiao has no surname Sun, and there is no surname Sima in Sima Qian's hometown. They have a common surname, Feng. Politically, he was afraid of being implicated by Sima Qian, so he was divided into Sima, Ma Jiafeng and Si Jiayi. The wind and water turn, thirty years in Hedong, thirty years in Hexi, and the whole Liu family can't escape the washing and training of the times.
Liu Zongyuan's father, Jin Ryu, is a scholar who worked as a county magistrate in Huayuan. It's difficult to get into the Jinshi, and the admission rate may be one thousandth, which is the same as that of Peking University and Tsinghua. When I was writing a biography of Liu Gongquan, I looked through the historical materials of Huayuan in the past hundred years. The people who worked as county magistrates here, their merits and demerits, explored the secrets of cultural regions and cultural environments, and studied what kind of personality or cultural influence Liu Gongquan would be affected by from childhood to old age. At that time, there was a county magistrate named Lu who offended a fellow villager named Qi because of his official duties. He blamed this narrow-minded subordinate for being set up. After examination, it is considered that Lu County Order has done something illegal and should be dismissed and sentenced to death. Lu county magistrate's appeal was sent to Judge Zhang Yi. He is a little wronged. When he got home, he told his mother that Lu county magistrate could be exempted from the death penalty, but as a judge, he was also jointly and severally liable and might be demoted, which brought anxiety to his old mother. What can I do to reassure you? Mother said, son, if your behavior is immoral, I will feel at ease. Later, Judge Zhang Yi reduced the punishment of Lu County Order and exiled him. At the same time, Zhang Yi was demoted to join the army in Fuzhou because of her fault, and her mother was famous for her filial piety after her death. Later, because of fairness and integrity, Zhang Yi was promoted to Pingzhang, equivalent to the prime minister. This incident had an impact on Liu Gongquan when he was a child. It was the cultural environment that influenced his judgment on things. Gu Yao, another county magistrate of Huayuan, also got into a lawsuit. The case involved Yuan Zai, the then prime minister, and Yuan Bo, his son, who ran amok and won the lawsuit. Gu county magistrate is not as lucky as Lu county magistrate. Without the help of nobles, he was exiled in a foreign land. It's not that we don't report it. It's not time. In the 13th year of Tang Daizong Dali, Yuan Zai was executed by the court for corruption. At that time, Liu was twelve or thirteen years old and Liu Gongquan was still young. What he heard around him about official career, politics and the way of the world influenced the Liu brothers' understanding of society and life. The children of Gyeonggi were associated with Chang 'an City and the central court in Tang Dynasty, and Wu worshipped by the Liu brothers had the greatest influence on Liu Gongquan and Liu. Wu Yuanheng, the great-grandson of Wu Zetian, was the top scholar at that time and worked as a county magistrate in Huayuan. Liu Gongquan was only six years old when Wu won the highest prize. Of course, more than 20 years later, Liu Gongquan also won the first prize. On the long road of official career, Wu is the person who has the greatest influence on Liu Gongquan. After Wu Jinshi, he served as an inspector in the central government and later became a magistrate of Huayuan County. However, shortly after he took office, he refused to accept the disease on the grounds that his county was difficult to treat. Seeing that the county is difficult, the relationship with the central government is too close, and the personnel are complicated, they pretend to be ill and go back to Chang' an. It can be seen that Huayuan this place is very hard, and the official is also very difficult. When Wu left office, he wrote a poem "Two Guests in the South Pavilion of the Garden in Early Autumn", which was included in "The Whole Tang Poetry" and wrote: When autumn wind enters the mud pond, the solitary crane is in a dilemma. . Niyang is also another name, that is, in autumn, when the autumn wind is rustling, Niyang is such a hotel. There are clouds in the sky and lonely wild cranes. Who can keep the clouds? It disappeared after a while, which means this is not where I stay. ? The Ming Dynasty went to Qingshan Guo alone, only knowing how to make the white head grow? . Tomorrow, I will face the green hills and the countryside alone, and I will go to Qiu Lai in spring to make my hair turn white. This is a sigh of time. Wu arrived in the Central Committee, and it was indeed brilliant. He rose to the third level within a year, Tang Dezong said with emotion? Does this man really have the talent of a prime minister? . Wu Zetian, a wordless monument, a feminist, and an unprecedented queen in China, can't unilaterally understand a historical figure. Wu is a descendant of the Wu family, and his true talent and practical learning contributed to the Tang Dynasty. Wu later became a good friend of Liu's family and had a deep intersection. Later, due to the struggle between the imperial court and the local separatist forces, he was on the side of strengthening centralization of authority and offended the local separatist forces. One day in court, he suddenly shot an arrow from the roadside Woods and assassinated him. The bureaucracy caught the murderer and sentenced him to death, but the real backstage was in Yan Di, and he was not investigated. Bai Juyi was very dissatisfied with this performance, but because of the different political factions and interests, Bai Juyi was demoted to Jiangzhou Sima because he said that he had intervened in a case that did not belong to his own authority. Among them, what lessons did Liu Gongquan learn from his career and life destiny?
Liu Gongquan has been writing since childhood. Liu Gongquan's Biography of the New and Old Tang Dynasty records that he was able to write with a pen when he was young and set foot in China's poems very early. There are also some folk tales that have been passed down from mouth to mouth for thousands of years, representing people's wishes. There is a legend that Liu Gongquan's father taught his son to write. He was writing and disappeared. He is playing horseback riding and fighting with the villagers. Liu Gongquan is weak. His sturdy partner rode on him, and he carried him on all fours. His father said, how to raise such a worthless son? Just ask him to go back and write. Teach my son to crawl like a dog and let others ride on you. It's not good. I'll write well if I lose it. Let me teach you how to write Chinese characters first. His father took out a sword from the study, then a knife and put it on the case. The sword is the first stroke, the knife is the second stroke, and the writer is a sword and a knife. This is a person. The sword of the living, the knife of the dead, sharp and powerful, just like carved in stone. So why on earth did Liu Gongquan's words have backbone? He wrote his own personality and spiritual realm with one stroke and one painting. The education he received from childhood is to write a good character, not just a Chinese character, but a herringbone with personality, which makes people live straight, stand up straight, don't lie down, and don't bend over like a pug when meeting people. People who want to be self-respecting, self-reliant, self-reliant and flatter others will be bullied. You should stay away from such people, who are neither serious nor good. After that, Liu Gongquan grew into a man of backbone.
Folklore, later Liu Gongquan's handwriting was good, and it was decided in the village to see whose handwriting was good. Come here, an old man selling tofu. Liu Gongquan is a little proud. Uncle, what do you think of my handwriting? Uncle said, I sell tofu. I don't know how your handwriting is, but in my opinion, your handwriting is as soft as my tofu. The old man walked away with tofu brain, saying that people write with their feet better than you. Write with your feet? When Liu Gongquan heard this, did the old man scold me? The old man said, you will understand when you go to Huayuan City. Liu Gongquan's letter, there are people who write better with their feet than me. I have to check it out. This made his mother brand some Guo Kui, and sailed for more than forty miles by boat to Huayuan City, which is now Yaoxian County, where the Qiju River meets. Although the ground buildings have been changing for thousands of years, the geographical position will not change and the land will never change. He walked from West Street to East Street, and finally saw a bunch of people under a tree, where an old man was writing. People around cheered, and the flag hanging on the wall said? Calligraphy and painting soup? . The man's surname is Tang, and his arm is missing. He is really writing with his feet. Now people who write with their feet can be seen in Xi 'an. They hold pens with their toes, and their feet are better than their hands. Because to eat a bowl of rice, he must have the means to make a living, so he spends 10 thousand times more time than ordinary people. Liu Gongquan also read the calligraphy of Wang Xizhi and Yan Zhenqing since childhood. Seeing that the old man's handwriting was really better than his own, he worshipped calligraphy and painting as a teacher and kept up with the old man's handwriting. This is also a force of folk culture. Later, he thought, a person with limbs, arms and legs can't compare with a person who writes with his feet, just like the rural people say. Then who lives if you don't die? It is also a kind of backbone. After Liu Gongquan went back, just like the legend, how much ink he wrote actually dyed the waterlogged pool black. This is really hard work.
People who write well now may have read the Preface to Saint Education and the Preface to Lanting 300 times, but some people have never read it three times. They usually don't pick up a pen and scribble on paper when they have an opportunity. How can they be called calligraphers? Don't ruin this business. Practice quietly in the room and paste the famous brand hundreds of times, so the written words may be a bit like. Everything in literature or culture, including calligraphy, has a conventional aesthetic experience. Wang Xizhi, Yan Zhenqing, Liu Gongquan and Mi Fei all wrote this. Your handwriting is wild and unorganized, or you can't find a way to write your handwriting in the post. You said personality and narcissism. Only you can recognize it, or you can flatter people who have power and money. On words, it can only be dog talk. Writing is an elegant thing. If you punch and kick, write with your hair, fingers or even genitals, write with your left hand, write backwards and play tricks. Liu Gongquan's heart is straight, his hands are washed, and he sits there motionless. Pick up the pen, and the center will use it to write well, and dare not mess around again. As for the calligraphers' association, the chairman, the director, many titles, or the celebrities you meet are useless to you. I didn't have awe of calligraphy and didn't work hard. As a result, I was busy in vain. At the symposium on the publication of Liu Gongquan Biography, Mr. Lei Zhenmin gave an example, saying that a man from Lantian came to see him, saying that the provincial leader asked me to come to you, and I asked him what he wanted me to do. Let me tell you something. What is this? Speaking of the great event of transition, someone has elected a new chairman of the book association. Who is it? Me? What about you? Our provincial party Committee does not have you. I'm nothing. The provincial leader said he wanted me to help you with this. But my title is vice president of the International Book Association. I said, get out! I met several people like Mr. Lei in the Provincial Federation of Literary and Art Circles. The bookstore owner took the certificate of the leader of the International Book Association and asked him to join the Provincial Book Association. I said, you are a member of the International Book Association, but you are also a member of the Provincial Book Association. Therefore, it is disrespectful to regard calligraphy as learning, to be able to read and sell money, to be empty-handed and to speculate. Liu Gongquan's people are older than books, and foreign envoys give them to the emperor. They also specially sent a word for Liu to buy. The news obtained through the court must be true. When the old man died, it was considered unfilial to erect a monument instead of a willow. Liu's calligraphy is rich, and the housekeeper doesn't treat himself as an outsider and uses it casually. Liu Gongquan didn't care. Later, she lost a silver bowl, but the maid at home said she didn't see it. He said it might have feathered into a winged fairy and flew away. It can be seen that he regards money as dirt, which also reflects a personality realm.
Liu Gongquan became Liu Gongquan because of the cultural nutrition of this place in Huayuan. When he was young, he swam across Shisanshan Mountain in Miaowan Town. Now called Daxiangshan Temple, it is a kind of religious culture and a symbol of religious culture before and after Qin Dynasty. Before the Sui Dynasty, Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, with the entry of western religions, it was a comfort to the broken hearts of China people who had endured hundreds of years of war. After the Tang Dynasty, Buddhism merged with China native religions and was extinct in Tang Wuzong. Why destroy the Buddha? Because there are thousands of temples, hundreds of thousands of monks and Taoists have been dismissed at once. At the beginning of the last century, the fields around Xiangshan were temple property and did not pay taxes to the state. How many cattle, sheep and grains are there? Liu Zhidan opened a warehouse in Xiangshan to release food for the victims. Once religious expansion harms national interests, it must be controlled macroscopically. Everyone goes to fast and recite Buddha. Who cultivates to feed many kind men and women? Han Yu opposed the idea that Emperor Yingfo wanted to kill his head. After being persuaded by people around him, he was exiled to the south. Walking out of Chang 'an, Hao wondered where Qinling's home was, and his teenage daughter was also killed in Shangzhou. I have been to the place of Han Palace Temple in Guangdong, which is a fairy. As a culture that soothes people's hearts, religion talks about past lives, afterlife and this life, and gives you spiritual sustenance. It doesn't matter if you die. You'll go to heaven. This is a world and a paradise, which reduces the fear of death. After a long sleep, he died. Your grandmother, your grandfather, your father and your mother have all passed away. You can go to another world to reunite with your relatives. This is a belief of people, and it is also a way to coax the dead into not paying for their lives. When Liu Gongquan was in his forties, his career was not good. He gradually understood Buddhism and copied the Diamond Sutra. In the last century, foreigners discovered the rubbings of Liu Gongquan's Diamond Sutra in Dunhuang. He copied the Diamond Sutra from his twenties to his forties until he was in his seventies. He has a complex of despising life and respecting Buddha, and a comprehensive and diverse cultivation and practice. You can also imagine going to the Yaowangshan Temple Fair when the dragon looks up on February 2nd. Sun Simiao, a Taoist, lived here in seclusion in his later years and wrote thousands of gold prescriptions. Do you think such a master must have a great influence on young Liu Gongquan? Liu Gongquan lived in the Sun Simiao era more than 100 years ago. He should be said to be in Wang Yao, where the stone pagodas, sarcophagi and stone arches on the mountain, especially some cliff statues in the Northern Wei, Sui and Tang Dynasties, of course, added important nutrition to him. Huayuan Fiona Fang area, including Fu Jiayuan in Guanzhuang, and Fu Xuan family, from Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties to Sui and Tang Dynasties, there were more than 40 senior officials in the Five Dynasties and Twelve Dynasties, and their names remained in the history of Qing Dynasty. The family around Huayuan has changed its surname to fox, which is in the same strain as the Ling family in Shaanxi hundreds of thousands of years ago. Linghu Defen is a child prodigy. Seven scholars in the Tang Dynasty came from Hu Ling family, who were equivalent to doctoral students in Peking University and entered the Academy of Social Sciences. Yuan used to be a commandant of Huayuan County, and later went to the secretariat to write a Record of Xuanzong with the emperor. Linghu Chu is ten years older than Liu Gongquan, a scholar. Linghu Chu's second son is called Linghu Mao, who is seventeen years younger than Liu Gongquan. They are officials of the same DPRK and have contacts with each other. There are literati such as Liu Xie and Liu Xie in the Liu family, and several of them have received higher education. Folk unofficial history said that Liu Gongquan and Liu were not born by the same mother, but by half-brothers. Liu Gongquan was born by his father's concubines, and his mother remarried and was pregnant when she left. She said I was pregnant with the Prime Minister! Some people speculate that she is pregnant with Linghu Chu, who is indeed the Prime Minister. These unofficial history let's just listen to it and laugh it off, which is obviously nonsense.
Liu Gongquan's brother, Liu, was admitted as a scholar at the age of eighteen or nineteen, and won the top prize at the age of twenty-nine. What have you been doing for more than ten years? One is to study thousands of books, and the other is to visit Wan Li Road. All the historical and cultural sites around must have been there. I imagine that he must have been to Huangbao, my hometown, Yaozhou porcelain, spent the night with officials, visited the beauty ancestral temple, and perhaps visited the Yuhua Palace where Du Fu wrote poems. I regard him as an old examinee, who has failed in the exam again and again, and may not take the exam in the middle years. His goal is very high, just like when my son took the Tsinghua exam, he filled in three volunteers, Tsinghua, Tsinghua and Tsinghua. Liu Gongquan takes the first prize if he wants to, and nothing else is in his eyes. The examination system in the Tang Dynasty was quite strict, and all his experiences were recorded in Liu's family instructions. Liu Ziwen, the father of Liu Gongquan, was forced by the imperial examination system in Tang Dynasty. He is very strict with his children's education. He often grinds Radix Sophorae Flavescentis, Rhizoma Coptidis and Fel Ursi into powder and pills, and studies them night after night, which makes him diligent. In other words, put these miserable things into pills, take one when you are sleepy, and your spirit will come. Continue reading. Country people often say that you have to suffer to be a master. My master and grandfather often say that it is very rare to wear a piece of human skin. In the first 30 years, I lived easily, and in the last 30 years, I lived hard. The imperial examination system itself is a competitive mechanism that encourages children to study hard. Only through reading can they enter the circles of the core class and the upper class, which is called getting ahead. It is a truth to say that this person has made achievements and contributions now.
Liu Gongquan's marital status and his wife's name can't be found in historical materials. History books only record that his son is Liu Zongxian and his grandson is Liu Yuan. There are only two names. I don't write novels, so I won't make these things up. I think it will be a rite of passage at the age of twenty. In Tang Wenzong's time, the law stipulated that men could get married at the age of fifteen and women at the age of thirteen. Because of the frequent wars in the border areas and the shortage of labor force, the state encourages the population to increase and the marriage age is very low. Liu Gongquan can't get married at fifteen. I don't know if he got married at the age of twenty. There is no record. I didn't win the highest prize until I was 29 years old. I don't know when my son Liu Zongxian was born, and I can't make it up. So I wrote a paragraph, he may have met a woman of Fu Xuangu on the way to Yaowangshan, or he may have introduced him to a woman of Hu Ling family at home. It is appropriate, and he may have met a shepherdess village girl halfway to show him the way, and finally fell in love and got married. But it is impossible for a village girl, because in the Tang Dynasty, there was a rule in the law that good people and bad people were not married, and the social class was very strict. Even if you take her as a maid or concubine, the children born are also called concubines, and their status is low. I don't know which family. Hu Ling, Fu Xuan and Sun Simiao got married. I guess he got married late, like Bai Juyi was 37 when he got married. What do you need to find a wife in a hurry? A big man can only worry about not getting a wife, and when he gets a wife, he will naturally have it. If he can't get a wife, who can respect you? Don't worry about not having a wife, you are afraid of things. Good looks, you see an ugly man with skill marrying a beautiful wife. You are good-looking, but you will marry an ugly wife who is incompetent. Why good people and bad people don't marry is caused by the influence of cultural genes. In the past, the landlord's family planted well, the land was good, the wife he found was smart, and the people who had no money were old. If he finds a wife of Guagua, the baby he gave birth to has bad genes, and each generation is not as good as the next. In Autumn Wrath written by Zhang Wei, his father once worked as a long-term laborer for the landlord, and his son worked for the landlord's son. The poor and the rich should pursue social fairness and justice, and they can get rich as long as they work hard, while lazy loafers are waiting for poverty alleviation all day long. When I was in Hainan, I went to the Li tribe. The government gave him several piglets to raise and saplings to plant. As a result, he folded the saplings and roasted the piglets at night. The essence is to popularize the degree of social civilization and improve the quality of the whole people. When people get rich through labor, you envy wealth, which in itself shows that they have made contributions to society. Of course, local tyrants who rely on collusion between government and business, and Japanese ghosts who beat sticks and make illegal profits are not included. From planned economy to market economy, give full play to the conscious or selfish side of human nature, do not require you to work, and eat whatever you want when you can get money. When you see people's things are good, you run to grab them, and you are locked in a cage. Some people say that you hate officials and rich people, and you are a bum. Other people's wheat grows well, and your wheat grass is taller than wheat. Then who will die if you don't die poor? At least you have to live on your own.
Liu Gongquan's classic in the history of calligraphy is that his mind is upright, his heart is careful and his body is hard, and his book is old. At the age of eighty-one, he was the leader of the monarch and his subjects, and rode in a carriage or horse from the southern suburbs early in the morning. On New Year's Day, it was quite cold. It's a long royal road to Daming Palace. The old man was panting, so when was he decorated? And Wu? Read it? Guangwu and filial piety? The prosecutor fined him a quarter's salary. Some people say that you are old and disrespectful, and you are still stuck in the eightieth. He made this mistake all his life and served seven or eight emperors. How many people were killed and exiled around him? Is it easy for Mr. Liu? Judging from Liu Gongquan's personality, he is conscientious in his official career and can make achievements in calligraphy when he is not in power. For Liu Shu's evaluation, I read a passage from Liu Gongquan's Biography as the conclusion of today's lecture:
China's calligraphy history is called Yan Gu because it is not only a literary significance, but also a cultural force. His life mood is quiet, like a quiet hometown, a quiet castle peak, and a few noisy springs in the forest. And his soul, colliding with the pen and ink of generations of Chinese character writing lovers, is like a flower that will never bloom. Appropriateness is the quality of Liu Shu, and it should be changed with constancy, but many fashionable varieties and patterns are like passing clouds. It is positive beauty, not evil beauty, gorgeous beauty, not ugly beauty. It is the beauty of toughness, not femininity, but the beauty of hermaphroditism, not the beauty of yang without yin or yin without yang. It reflects the great beauty of personality on the shoulders of predecessors, rather than the blind publicity and narcissistic private beauty of personality. Writing is like a man, and books are like a man, which has always been the case.
Features of Liu Gongquan's Works Liu Gongquan's calligraphy was very famous in the Tang Dynasty, especially among the people? Willow word is worth 1000 yuan? Statement.