The Custom Taboos of Chinese New Year in Chaoshan Area of Guangdong Province
Because the first month is the beginning of a year, Chaoshan people often regard it as a sign of good or bad luck in the New Year. What about during the Spring Festival? Taboo? Especially many. Verbally, what? Is it broken? 、? Not good? 、? No? 、? Die? "Light? 、? Ghosts? 、? Murder? 、? What's wrong with you? 、? Pain? 、? Lose? 、? Poor? Such unlucky words are taboo. Also avoid the baby crying, because crying is? No first prize? , indicating disease and disaster. Therefore, children can't beat and scold even if they get into trouble these days, so as not to cry endlessly. Behavior, end cup, end plate, end bowl, end plate should be extra careful not to break. When you accidentally break them, taking water is just a form. The custom of prohibiting sweeping the floor is gradually being eliminated, because firecrackers are set off during the Spring Festival, people come and go, and there are a lot of scraps of paper and garbage on the ground. It's really harmful not to clean. Therefore, starting from paying attention to hygiene, many young people are not very particular about these traditional taboo customs.
In terms of diet, taking medicine is strictly prohibited on this day. Otherwise, I think it will lead to illness all the year round and take medicine constantly. There are several ways to avoid eating meat for breakfast on the first day of junior high school: one is to eat this meal quickly, and the effect is equal to one year; Another metaphor is frugality, not extravagance and waste.
Avoid dead people and funerals, because it will bring bad luck to the family. At the same time, don't have a haircut on this day, because people always associate a haircut with a funeral on this day. On this day, even killing is forbidden. Killing is considered to lead to disasters such as knife disaster, soldier disaster and blood disaster. However, now people's living standards have improved, and they have no scruples about eating fresh food for quick appetite.
During the Spring Festival, creditors are not allowed to collect debts at home, because it is considered unlucky for both borrowers and borrowers to collect debts on this day. And don't take things from other people's pockets. People think that taking out the pockets on the first day of the first month may lead to taking them out all year. Empty? Danger.
Customs of Spring Festival in Chaoshan Area of Guangdong Province
In Chaoshan, Guangdong, firecrackers are ringing all over the sky at dawn, and the big tables in every household hall are filled with Daji (oranges are bigger than oranges, so they are called Daji), green olives and all kinds of exquisite candy. Decorated with lanterns in front of the door, the younger generation wishes the older generation tea. On this day, most families should be vegetarian, at least not eating meat for breakfast. After breakfast, adults and children go to relatives and friends' homes to pay New Year greetings with good luck, and the host and guest exchange blessings, congratulations on making a fortune and adding blessings. The host treats you with Daji, Betel nut (the ancient custom of honoring Betel nut is now changed to green olive) and * * * congou. The guest presents Daji and congratulates the host for good luck. The host wants to give it back with Daji, which is said to be a good wish to give it back.
On the morning of New Year's Day, many lion dance classes and English song teams beat gongs and drums to pay New Year greetings to every household in every village, and the host set off firecrackers to welcome them. There are hand-cranked evergreen leaves (commonly known as cash cows) or books? Make a fortune? Such as auspicious little red paper posted on people's doors; Or those who play suona, knock on bamboo boards, sing songs, make four sentences and say auspicious words from door to door to pay New Year greetings are all asking for some money. On the second and third days of junior high school, rural towns organized many cultural activities to celebrate the Spring Festival. In addition to putting up a theater shed to perform Chaozhou Opera, Mountain Opera and Shadow Play, there are also gongs and drums, tigers and lions, English singers and dragon dancers marching in the villages along the street. There are also movies, ball games, calligraphy and painting exhibitions, lantern riddles and so on. During the day and night, people flock to visit and enjoy it, creating a lively and joyful atmosphere for the Spring Festival.
Happy new year, send big oranges.
Happy new year, also known as? Baizheng? . In the early morning of the first day of junior high school, people get up and put on new clothes. The first thing they do is to pay homage to themselves. It is often the younger generation who wishes the elders first, and then the elders give their expectations to the younger generation. After breakfast, each of them pays a New Year call to relatives and friends. Chaoshan proverb says:? There is an intention to pay New Year's greetings in the first and second days of junior high school, but there is no intention to pay New Year's greetings in the third and fourth days of junior high school. ? It is said that the sooner you pay a New Year call, the more you can see its sincerity. Therefore, some people go to pay New Year greetings to relatives and friends immediately after getting up, and then eat after coming back.
No matter how many gifts people bring, oranges (Chaozhou oranges) are indispensable. Does orange take its homonym? Daji? It doesn't matter if you take more or less, but it can't be odd. People who pay New Year greetings enter the doors of relatives and friends, and they should look at different people and say different greetings. Say to the old man? Happy new year, live longer than Nanshan? Old people will grin; For people with jobs? How was work? 、? New year's progress? People who listen will feel very pleasant; If you are a business person, what is the most interesting thing you hear? Make a lot of money in the new year? 、? Make a fortune? Yes; If children are studying, what they want most is to make progress in their studies and achieve excellent results in the new year. Send this greeting to them, and they will be very friendly to you. After being seated, the host will make famous Chaoshan congou tea to entertain the guests. Before leaving, the host will leave two oranges in the gift of the recipient, and then exchange his oranges in order to bring good luck to the other party. Humorous people often only put two oranges in their trouser pockets when they go out to pay New Year's greetings. After the New Year call, the two oranges are still in his trouser pocket. Therefore, good people call the custom of New Year greetings at the beginning of the year "What?" Orange change campaign? .
Send lucky money
Giving lucky money is an important part of Chaoshan Spring Festival custom. The elders should give money to the younger generation, and those who can earn money should also send money to the elders. Money can't be sent directly to wait for a while, but it should be packed in a profit bag or a red paper bag. This is commonly known as? Press the stomach and waist? It means that from the beginning of the year to the end of the year, the pocket will be full of reality and wealth. What is particularly interesting is that when a child sleeps, his parents will put a large bill in his belly pocket and bring it back after waking up.
have a family reunion dinner
New Year's Eve is approaching after all the houses in every household are completely decorated. Therefore, housewives are busy preparing the most abundant and meaningful reunion dinner in a year. A family reunion dinner, as its name implies, is a family gathering for dinner during the Chinese New Year, and even the deceased ancestors will not forget it. So, after the reunion dinner, every family should first? Worship your husband? (ancestor worship). When offering sacrifices to ancestors, the incense burner representing ancestors should be removed from the shrine, put on the altar, and then burn incense to pray and invite ancestors to dinner. Then the old and the young bowed down in turn, fully demonstrating the traditional virtues of the hipsters, being cautious to the end, pursuing the distance, and putting all virtues first. After the sacrifice, the food for ancestor worship was reheated, and a big table was set in the hall, and the whole family gathered around. This is a wonderful time for every family to get together. No matter how far apart the family is at ordinary times, or how many zits there are at ordinary times, we should talk and laugh at this time, and we should not say anything sad or make noise.
After dinner, housewives were busy clearing the table, so a cleaning activity began. This time, we don't have to care too much about cleaning, just for cleaning. Unlike the time at the end of the year, you have to brush pine grass. Then he lit a fire in the stove and began to prepare the offering to God tomorrow-vegetarian food. There are many kinds of vegetarian dishes, including taro, sweet potato, jujube, peanut, taro and sweet potato. All the ingredients of vegetarian dishes should be prepared and dried at noon. When frying vegetarian dishes, put the iron pot and inject a lot of peanut oil when the fire is good. When the oil boils, mix these materials with the slurry and put them into the pan, which will make squeaks and bubbles in the oil pan. Huang Chengcheng is especially attractive when cooking. At this time, if there are guests at home, the hostess will serve a plate of freshly fried vegetarian dishes, and then soak in mellow congou tea to let you taste delicious Chaoshan snacks.
(of a person) return to one's place of origin or unit.
On the second and third day of the first month, the married daughters go back to their parents' homes to celebrate the New Year with their husbands and children. When a daughter returns to her mother's house, there must be a big bag of biscuits and sweets distributed by her mother to her neighbors, just like the scene of the New Year. If there are many daughters at home, and these daughters don't come back on the same day, then we must share one at a time. The gift is quite thin, just four biscuits. However, it reflects a strong feeling. What is the real thing? Courtesy is light and affection is heavy? Expressed the girl's yearning for the villagers. When the girl goes home, if there is a nephew at home, menstruation has to pay again. Although she gave lucky money on New Year's Day, this time it had a different meaning. What do Chaoshan people call this custom? Eat day and night? . As the name implies, it's just lunch, and the daughter must get back to her husband's house before dinner.
The origin of Spring Festival couplets and the custom of door gods
It is said that the custom of pasting Spring Festival couplets began in the post-Shu period about 1000 years ago. According to records, the original form of Spring Festival couplets is what people say? Fu Tao? .
There is a ghost world in myth, in which there is a big mountain, a big peach tree covering three thousand miles, and a golden rooster on the treetop. Whenever the golden rooster crows in the morning, the ghost who travels at night must return to the ghost domain. Shen Tu and Lei Yu stood at the gate of the ghost domain. If the ghost does something unnatural at night, Shen Tu and Lei Yu will immediately find it, catch it, tie it up with a rope made of Miscanthus and give it to the tiger. So all ghosts are afraid of two people. So people carved them into peach trees and put them at their doorsteps to ward off evil spirits and prevent harm. Later, people simply carved the names of Shen Tu and Lei Yu on the mahogany board, thinking that this could also eliminate disasters. This kind of red board was later called. Fu Tao? .
In the Song Dynasty, people began to write couplets on mahogany boards, one for killing evil spirits, the other for expressing good wishes, and the third for decorating the portal for beauty. They also write couplets on red paper symbolizing happiness and good luck, and stick them on both sides of doors and windows during the Spring Festival to express people's good wishes for good luck in the coming year.
People in some places still keep the habit of sticking up doors. The ancients thought that there were two door gods on the gate, and all monsters would be afraid. In the folk, the door god is a symbol of justice and strength. The ancients thought that people with strange looks often had magical temperament and extraordinary skills. They are honest and kind, and it is their nature and responsibility to catch ghosts and demons. Zhong Kui, a ghost hunter who is highly regarded by people, is such a strange look. Therefore, the folk door gods are always glaring and ferocious, holding all kinds of traditional weapons in their hands, ready to fight against ghosts who dare to come to the door.