When did Korea move its capital?

On August 1 1 day, 2004, the Korean government finalized and officially announced the address of the new administrative capital, and Yanqi-Zhougong, located in the middle of South Korea, will become the new administrative capital. & gt& gt Yanqi-Duke Zhou is located in the boundary between Yanqi County and Duke Zhou of Chungcheongnam-do. It is a mixed zone of plains and hills to the west of the longitudinal center line of the Korean Peninsula, which is more than 20 kilometers away from Seoul/Kloc-0, the capital of South Korea, and about 250 kilometers away from Busan, a port city in the southeast. The new administrative capital will be located at the junction of Yanqi County and Zhougong City, with an estimated area of about 8,325 hectares. At present, this is farmland and Shan Ye, with only a few farmers and industrial facilities. Yanqi-Zhougong is located in the middle of South Korea's traffic artery, about 10 km away from Cheongju, a big city in the middle of Dachuan. Two expressways from Tianan to Shan Lun and Tianan to Kyushu, as well as Kyushu Railway and Kyushu High-speed Railway pass through the territory, and Cheongju Airport is also close at hand. It takes less than two hours to drive from Seoul to Yanqi, Duke of Zhou. Yanqi-Duke Zhou has superior natural conditions and is the intersection of Jinjiang and Meihuchuan in the central region. Yanqi-Duke Zhou is far from Cheling Mountain, with Shiguofeng in the north and surrounded by mountains on three sides. The middle field is flat, and the front is near the river and water. It is considered by Koreans as an ideal place for geomantic omen. In history, Duke Zhou of Yanqi was once the capital of the ancient Baekje country on the Korean peninsula. In 475 AD, Baekje King Wu Wen established his capital in Duke Zhou. On February 2, 2006 12/kloc-0, the committee for promoting the construction of the new administrative capital of South Korea, chaired by South Korean Prime Minister Han Mingshu, held a meeting and decided to name the new administrative capital of South Korea Sejong. & gt& gt The South Korean government announced the comprehensive evaluation results of the candidates for the new administrative capital on the 5th, among which the junction of Yanqi County and Zhougong City, located about160km south of Seoul, scored the highest. If nothing unexpected happens, this area in central South Korea will replace Seoul and become the new administrative capital of South Korea. Since Seoul became the capital of the Republic of Korea in 1948, as the national political, economic and cultural center, it has been in a pivotal position, commanding a land area of nearly100000 square kilometers and a population of about 48 million, which has played a great role in the economic take-off and national strength rise of South Korea. However, years of "unbalanced development strategy" have led to an increasingly serious "urban disease" in Seoul. Dense population, soaring land prices, traffic congestion and environmental pollution have become obstacles to the future development of this international city in East Asia. As early as the 1970s, when the Cold War was in full swing, the South Korean government moved its capital because Seoul was not conducive to "avoiding war". After decades of development, the capital circle centered on Seoul has concentrated half of the country's population and 70% of its economic strength, which has relatively restricted the development of other regions. In this case, the Korean government is eager to establish a new administrative capital in the central region, thus radiating the surrounding areas and realizing the balanced development of all regions. At the same time, South Korea intends to straighten out the relationship between administrative power and the distribution of economic interests by moving the capital. Congress has previously passed the Special Law on Decentralization and the Special Law on Balanced National Development, aiming at coordinating the relocation of the administrative capital, solving the power distribution and coordination between the central and local governments, and promoting balanced regional economic and social development. South Korea's move to the capital also has a strong political color. In the general election at the end of 2002, the current President Roh Moo-hyun took moving the capital as one of his campaign slogans, which won the applause of voters in Chungcheongnam-bei province in central China and became a powerful tool to help him win the election. However, Lee Hoi chang, the presidential candidate of the opposition Grand National Party, defeated Maicheng because of his opposition to moving the capital. Therefore, both the ruling and opposition parties in South Korea will support the relocation of the capital as a force to compete for political territory and win parliamentary elections. In addition, with the strategic adjustment of US troops stationed in South China, especially the withdrawal of US troops from the periphery of the capital to the hinterland of central, Seoul, which is only 40 kilometers away from the temporary military demarcation line between the DPRK and the ROK, will face the danger of losing its former security protection. Therefore, from the perspective of military security, moving the capital south is also an important historical decision of the Korean government. Last year1February, the National Assembly passed the Special Law on the New Administrative Capital, which laid a legal foundation for the relocation of the administrative capital and officially kicked off this huge project. On June 15 this year, the South Korean New Administrative Capital Promotion Committee announced four new capital candidate sites, which are located at the junction of Yincheng County and Zhenchuan County in Chungcheongbuk-do, Cheonan City in Chungcheongnam-do, Yanqi County and Zhougong City, Zhougong City and Shan Lun County in Chungcheongnam-do. These four candidate sites have 23 million square meters (1 square meters) of land, which can accommodate more than 500,000 people. It is reported that the above candidate sites are currently Shan Ye and farmland, not the existing urban areas of these counties and cities. Two of the candidate sites involve Zhougong City, which means that both places are under the jurisdiction of Zhougong City. After comprehensive evaluation by the candidate site evaluation committee composed of 80 experts, the border between Yanqi County and Zhougong City finally got the highest score of 88.96. The area is located at the intersection of Meihuchuan and Jinjiang, close to the high-speed rail and the expressway from Seoul to Busan, with superior geographical location and convenient transportation. According to the plan, the Korean government will complete the planning and design in the first half of 2006 and start construction in 2007. From 20 12, government agencies will move to new locations in batches, and all relocation work will be completed by 2030. The total number of state organs included in the relocation plan is 85, including 74 administrative organs and 1 1 judicial organs. About 23,600 workers need to be resettled. According to preliminary estimates, the funds needed for the relocation of state organs include office building construction and relocation expenses, totaling about 45.6 trillion won (about 391.70 billion US dollars), of which 1 1.3 trillion won is borne by the government and 34.3 trillion won is raised by the people. The actual cost must be far more than that. The Korean government decided to raise funds by selling the land and buildings of the government agencies that will move out. This huge plan has been strongly opposed by all parties since its birth. Opponents believe that moving the capital will greatly affect Seoul's international status and image. Moreover, at present, South Korea has serious economic difficulties and needs a lot of money for the redeployment of US troops stationed in South Korea. Instead of spending huge sums of money to move the capital, it is better to use these funds to directly support regional economic development. Local governments in Seoul and its surrounding areas also took a position of opposition or disapproval and refused to send experts to participate in the site selection of the new capital. Seoul City Council passed a resolution against moving the capital last month, preparing to submit the "Special Law on the New Administrative Capital" to the Constitutional Court to decide whether it is unconstitutional. Some opposition lawmakers also plan to launch a large-scale signature campaign, demanding that the government hold a referendum on the issue of moving the capital. According to the latest opinion poll released by the Korean media, the proportion of people who oppose moving the capital is 52.7%. In addition, as many as 67.5% of Koreans believe that the change of the capital is related to the long-term development of the country and should be put to a referendum. In the face of opposition, President Roh Moo-hyun pointed out that moving the capital is not "moving the capital" and Seoul will continue to be the country's "economic capital". He also stressed that the relocation plan is the core task of the Korean government at present and must be unswervingly promoted. According to relevant regulations, the candidate evaluation committee for the new administrative capital, which is composed of experts recommended by the central and local governments of South Korea, will hold a national tour hearing in the near future, and finally determine and announce the location of the future administrative capital in August. Public opinion believes that the arrow of South Korea's move to the capital is on the line, but the controversy will continue. (End)