Platanus is very common.
Platanus acerifolia, commonly known as "Platanus acerifolia", belongs to Platanus in plant taxonomy. There is only one genus under the family, namely Platanus, about 7 species, which are native to southeastern Europe, India and America. In China, only three species have been introduced and cultivated, namely Platanus acerifolia, also known as Pterocarya stenoptera, and Platanus occidentalis, the parents of this hybrid, also known as Meitong and Platanus orientalis, also known as Fatong. Now we usually call these three kinds "Fatong".
According to the literature, Platanus acerifolia (three balls) was introduced into China by land in Jin Dynasty, and it was called Khan-removing tree and Pure Land tree. According to legend, Kumarajiva, an Indian monk, was taken to China to spread Buddhism. There are two big trees with a diameter of 3 meters in Kumarajiva Temple in Huxian County, southwest of Xi. In 1950s, there was still a tree that survived, with a life span of 1600 to 700 years (there is a 4000-year-old tree in Turkey). Although it was introduced to China earlier, it didn't spread for a long time. In modern times, Platanus acerifolia (one ball stands for Meitong, two balls for Yingtong) was introduced into China in large quantities. It is mainly planted by the French in the French Concession in Shanghai, so it is called "French phoenix tree" or "French phoenix tree" for short. In fact, it is neither native to France nor phoenix tree. At present, the hybrid "Yingtong" is the most widely planted variety in China.
Platanus acerifolia is 30 meters high, with dark gray bark, flaky skin and green and white endothelium. The shoots are covered with yellow-brown stellate tomentose. The leaves are 8- 16 cm long and 9- 18 cm wide, and 5-7 deeply split to the middle or lower part, with narrow and long lobes. When I was young, I was covered with gray-yellow stellate villi and then fell off. The total stalk is spherical, 2 ~ 2.5 cm in diameter, and the style is sharp, 3 ~ 4 mm long. The flowering period is May, and the fruit period is 9 ~ 10. Platanus acerifolia is a hybrid of Platanus acerifolia and Platanus acerifolia, which was bred in London, England. Up to 35 meters, the bark is peeling off and the endothelium is light green and white. The tender branches and leaves are densely covered with light brownish yellow stellate villi. Leaf length 10 ~ 24 cm, width 12 ~ 25 cm, base section or slightly heart-shaped, 3 ~ 5 deeply divided, middle lobe nearly equal in length and width, whole or sparsely dentate. Infructescence is about 2.5 cm in diameter, style is 2 to 3 mm long and spiny. The flowering period is April-May, and the fruiting period is 9-65438+1October. Platanus acerifolia is 40 meters high, leaves are 3-5-lobed, wider than long, lobes are wide triangle, cones are mostly solitary, and there is no prickly hair.
Platanus acerifolia is an active fast-growing tree species with strong resistance, strong germination, heavy shearing resistance, smoke resistance and transplantation resistance, and the survival rate of big tree transplantation is extremely high.
Platanus acerifolia can be raised by sowing and cutting.
Platanus acerifolia has a majestic and regular tree shape, thick leaves, enlarged crown, rapid growth, strong smoke resistance, few pests and diseases, and strong adaptability to urban environment. Therefore, it is widely cultivated all over the world and has the reputation of "king of street trees". However, because there are a lot of stellate hairs on its young branches and leaves, it will cause diseases if inhaled into the respiratory tract, so it is not suitable for use in kindergartens and other places. When pruning in summer, garden workers should pay attention to labor protection and wear goggles, masks and earplugs to avoid entering the mouth, eyes, nose and ears.
There are differences in the number of star-shaped hairs among different varieties: tung oil hair is the least, tung oil hair is medium and tung oil hair is the most.
The trunk color of different varieties is different: the bark of paulownia is white, and the old bark is easy to fall off; Although the dry bark of paulownia is easy to fall off, its skin color is dark; The skin color of PR Newswire is between the two, but the skin is not easy to fall off.
Wutong, also known as Wutong, means "Wutong attracts golden phoenix at home" and expresses people's good wishes.