Cangpo has a nice name. Bijiashan, Mo Chi, Yantai, Bijie and Zhicun, the whole elegant village, like Four Treasures of the Study, is quiet in the mountains and rivers. A straight stone road runs through the village, which is a pen; There is a bridge in the middle of the stone road, which is made up of five symmetrical stone strips and is ink; The largest area in the village is the lotus pond on both sides of the stone road, which is the inkstone platform; This rectangular village is made of paper.
Cangpo Village was designed by Li Ritian, a Buddhist teacher in the Southern Song Dynasty. All the villagers in the ancient village are surnamed Li. Located at the foot of Beishan, Yantou Town, upstream of nanxi river, Yongjia County, southern Zhejiang Province. Its original name was Cangdun. Ancestor Li Cen moved here from Changxi, Fujian to escape the war. After the Five Dynasties, Zhou Xiande began construction in 955, and it has been 1000 years. In the fifth year of Xichun in the Southern Song Dynasty (1 178), Song Li, the ninth ancestor, invited Li Ritian, a famous Buddhist teacher, to re-plan and construct the village pattern with Four Treasures of the Study as the main image.
To visit Cangpo, you usually enter from the south gate, namely "Cangpo West Gate". This stream gate is elegant in shape and quite idyllic. The West Gate of Cangpo was built in the fifth year of Xichun in the Southern Song Dynasty (1 178). It is all made of wood. The six-story bucket arch didn't use a nail, and the roof was a double-eaves hanging mountain structure, which looked dignified and simple. The word Cangpo Ximen was inscribed by the late Wenzhou calligrapher Cai Xingu. Door-to-door couplet: "Xishan Range Rover philosopher, the door is bright." This couplet not only depicts the beautiful scenery here, but also shows the brilliant achievements of our predecessors. I hope the younger generation will study hard and be an official.
Stepping into the west gate, we opened the pages of the history of Cangpo Village. There are two ponds on the left and right, the west pond on the left and the east pond on the right. Since their birth, these two ponds have been more than just ordinary ponds to beautify the environment. On the page of Xichi, it records the ideal life of half-farming and half-reading; The pages in Dongchi recorded the praise of noble spirit and good moral character and the worship of gods.
Compared with Wuzhen, Xitang and other ancient towns in the south of the Yangtze River, Cangpo ancient village is unknown, but after thousands of years of vicissitudes, it still retains the walls, roads, houses, pavilions, temples and ancient cypresses built in the Song Dynasty, as well as the cobblestone fence built around the village, the ancient cypresses with long trees in the walls, pavilions under the trees and flying dragons on the eaves, all of which are full of ancient meanings.
The two ancient cypresses beside the walled village are not only the historical testimony that Cangpo village attaches importance to greening, but also permeate the cultural atmosphere of the ancient village. After more than 800 years, these two cypresses are still full of vitality.
The building in the center of the pool is called Shuiyue Hall, which is surrounded by smart roofs and eaves, and is also designed with double eaves. Originally, the ordinary sloping roof naturally turned into a rest peak, so it was particularly vivid, and it was praised as a classic of ancient buildings in nanxi river by ancient architecture experts.
Shuiyue Temple was built in the Northern Song Dynasty (A.D. 1 124) and is a memorial hall. Li Xiaxi, the eighth ancestor of Cangjie in the Northern Song Dynasty, served as Di Gong Lang, and his brother Li Jinxi served as a middle-ranking official. They are friendly and affectionate. In the second year of Xuanhe, Li Jinxi went to Liao with Tong Guan, but he died in battle and died for his country. Li Xiaxi learned that his brother was heartbroken after his death and was no longer interested in officialdom. The pain seemed to sting him like a sharp knife. He returned to Cangpo Village and built Shuiyue Hall on Dongchi. Whenever the moon rises, he sits alone in the Shuiyue Hall and looks at the moon by the pool. He feels that only the moon in the pool can pin his love for his brother.
Walk across a bridge with a strange shape, named "Lilac", which is high in the middle and low on both sides. This just entered the yard of Shuiyuetang. The south wall of the courtyard is a hollow flower wall, which consists of three groups of patterns. It is this unique pattern that makes the south wall look rich and smart, and it is a classic masterpiece in the courtyard wall. This wall is built by the common landscape construction technique "landscape leakage" in landscape architecture, but it is different from the general flower wall in internal and external permeability. Standing in the yard, you can see the pavilions, ponds and trees outside through the hole of the flower wall, but people outside can't see anything in the yard.
Above the middle hall of Shuiyuetang, there is a plaque of "Jizhou Garden", which is elegant but not vigorous. Jizhou Garden was named after Cang Po's 11th great-grandfather Li. I once taught in Jizhou, Jiangxi, and I was very prestigious. After retiring to Cangpo in his later years, he did many good things for the village, and everyone praised him. The thirty-third generation of Cangjie commemorated Li, rebuilt nave, and named it Jizhou Garden, which means Jizhou Education Institute.
Li's Grand Ancestral Hall is the center of ethics in Cangpo Village, and it is also a place for clan gatherings and major national celebrations. In the era of traditional agriculture in China, ancestral temples take care of all aspects of villagers' lives, mainly including two things: first, reunion with relatives and family; The second is Kejia Lian Deng. Once upon a time, every time people who moved out went to Pu Yuan to worship their ancestors, they came here one after another for a party. The scene is very spectacular. Through clan activities such as Pu Yuan and ancestor worship, people's harmony and unity have been strengthened, and major clan events are often decided here to resolve ethnic disputes. In ancient times, all those who participated in the "No.1 Scholar" three tests had to wear red clothes and flowers, and held a grand ancestor worship ceremony here. Under the guidance of the master of ceremonies, they knelt three times and knocked nine times to pay homage to their ancestors. In history, Cangpo Village has a large number of talented people, and there are many first places in the imperial examination. Today, there are still famous talents, such as Li Dapeng, an academician of China Academy of Sciences, whose ancestral home is Cangpo Village.
Renji Temple between Dongchi and Xichi was built by Gong Jun, the tenth ancestor of Xichun in the Southern Song Dynasty (A.D. 1 180). The ancient temple faces water on three sides, and the Intermediate People's Court is a "water patio", which should be said by Feng Shui theory that water can overcome fire. The eaves of Renji Temple are slightly tilted, the eaves are slightly bent, and the lines of the roof are gentle but full of tension, which seems to spread its wings and take off, generous and particularly beautiful, avoiding the solemnity usually conveyed by ordinary temple buildings.
A straight ancient street, the main street of the village, is called Pen Street, facing three sharp peaks in the west, Bijia Mountain, and this large sum is placed on the pen. The layout is strict and tidy, and there is a square wall outside the house. Outside the wall, streets and alleys are connected, just like a big piece of paper in Fang Gezi. Cangpo people worked hard at farming and reading, and many people realized their dream of being Tian Shelang in the morning and emperor at night. There are not a few people who have won the reputation of juren and scholar, including the earliest scholar and Wu Jinshi in nanxi river Valley.
Every scene here has a story and traces left by history. Let's slow down and explore with our hearts. Set foot on one of the paths, touch the weather-beaten traces of history and let time move slowly.
There is an ancient well in the middle of Bijie. The water is clear, sweet and cool, and the water temperature is constant all the year round. This water comes from Cangshan Peak at an altitude of 1000 meters in Houshan. This water tastes good, cooking is particularly fragrant, and the wine is more mellow. Outside this well, there is also a small square pool with three eyes, which is used to accumulate the clear spring overflowing from the well. Here are the three pools, which have different purposes, and the order is: washing vegetables, washing clothes and washing toilets. Don't worry that they will infiltrate each other and will not go back. This is the uniqueness of inkstone.
Walking gently on the streets of the ancient village, the taoyuan-like village is a green lake when you go out. Willow trees, classical buildings and courtyards, woodcarving flowers and stone carvings all glow with the luster and charm of the years, revealing elegance and atmosphere.
Walking around the village and returning to the entrance of the village, we remembered everything we saw before, and our hearts were full of satisfaction. After taking photos outside the village, we embarked on the road of wandering in nanxi river.