The construction of the Great Wall began in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, and has a history of more than 2,000 years. Among them, the Qin, Han and Ming dynasties were the largest. There are many passes.
Jiayuguan, located in Jiayu City, Gansu Province, is the westernmost part of the Great Wall of Wan Li, which was once called "Hexi Throat" in history. A medium-sized industrial city has been built near Guancheng. The streets of this city are both open and tidy. The famous Jiayuguan Great Wall is in the northwest, the Qilian Mountain is covered with snow all year round in the southwest, and the Gobi Desert is around the city. Jiayuguan has a magnificent scenery, from Jiayuguan to Jiuquan, only more than 20 kilometers in the middle.
2. Yanmenguan, also known as Xiguan, is located in Yanmen Mountain, about 20 kilometers north of Daixian County, Xinzhou City, Shanxi Province, China. It is an important pass on the Great Wall, and it is called "Outer Three Passes" together with Ning Wuguan and Pianguan. In 200 1 year, Yanmenguan was announced by the people of China and the State Council as one of the fifth batch of national key cultural relics protection units.
Juyongguan has been a barrier to the northwest of Beijing since ancient times. In the long years, Juyongguan has been an important military defense center, but its name has changed many times. In the Three Kingdoms, it was called Xiguan; In the Northern Qi Dynasty, it was changed to Naikuanguan; In the Tang Dynasty, it was called Jimenguan first, and then changed to Dujunguan; From Liao Dynasty to Jin, Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, it was always called Juyongguan.
Friendship Pass is one of the nine famous passes in China. On the left of the building is the wall of Zuobi Mountain, and on the right is the wall of Fu You Mountain, which is like a giant python connecting the foothills of two mountains. Friendship Pass is located at the southwest end of Pingxiang City, Guangxi. The end of National Highway 322 passes through Youyiguan Arch and connects with Vietnam Highway. It is an important land passage to Vietnam, a national first-class port, and it is 8 km away from Pingxiang City/Kloc-0.
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The remaining five channels are:
Jianmenguan 1, located in the south of Jiange County, Sichuan Province 15km, is located in the fault fold belt on the northern edge of Sichuan Basin, where Dajianshan and Xiaojianshan are interrupted. Cliffs on both sides are like swords, and two walls are like doors. Therefore, it is called "Sword Gate", which is one of the most famous natural passes in China, and enjoys the reputation of "Sword Gate is the best in the world". Zhuge Liang, Prime Minister of Shu and Han Dynasties of the Three Kingdoms, built a plank road here for 30 miles and set up guards, which is called "Jiange". Li Bai, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, praised the sword pagoda as solid as a rock in "Difficult Road to Shu", and that one person's strength was above ten thousand people, making the sword gate famous all over the world.
2. The important pass to the east of the Great Wall in Wan Li is known as Shanhaiguan, the first pass in the world. Shanhaiguan is an important part of the Great Wall. The existing Shanhaiguan Guancheng and the nearby Great Wall, castles and docks are all buildings of the Ming Dynasty. According to historical records, in the 14th year of Hongwu in Ming Dynasty (A.D. 138 1), Xu Da, the general of Wei State, saw that "the mountain of Jin rested in the sea, and the throat of Liao thistle moved here", so he built a guard. "Shanhaiguan" is named after being shut between mountains and seas.
Wushengguan, located in the north of Guangshui City, Hubei Province, is one of the nine famous passes in the history of China. In the Spring and Autumn Period, it was called Zhiyuan and Lishan. After Qin unified China, it was changed to Wuyang Pass, and it was renamed Wushengguan in the Southern Song Dynasty. Jigong Mountain in Xinyang, Henan Province is located in Wusheng Pass, one of the nine famous passes in China. It is called a land of feng shui. Geologically, it is the east-west junction of Tongbai Mountain and Dabie Mountain in the eastern Qinling Folding Mountain System, the geographical midpoint of China and the watershed of China.
4. Zijingguan, located on the Zijing Ridge, 45km northwest of yi county. "Jifu Tongzhi" said: "To control the danger of the Western Hills, it is to travel on Yanjing Road, connecting Fu Xuan and Datong. This is an important pass, located between Juyongguan and Daomaguan. Together with Juyongguan and Daomaguan, it is called "Inner Three Customs". Zijingguan is one of the important entrances to Taihang Mountain.
Niangziguan, which has always enjoyed the reputation of "one person defends it, and ten thousand people can't force it", was founded in the Warring States period and has since started its own frontier defense years. Because it is the southern end of the Great Wall "Neisanguan Great Wall", it is called the ninth pass and is located in Shanxi Province. Unlike the Badaling Great Wall, Niangziguan is more influenced by the local terrain, and it is full of dangers and strange things.