Hulk, commonly known as Hulk White Palm, belongs to Araceae and Araceae.
Origin and Habit: Hulk is a perennial shade herb. Mainly distributed in Colombia, it is one of the most popular indoor foliage plants in Europe and America. Hulk likes cool and humid environment and fertile soil, and avoids drought, high temperature and direct sunlight. It can grow all year round in tropical and subtropical regions.
Morphological characteristics: the plant height of Hulk can reach 95 cm, and its leaves are broad, oval, plump and leathery; The mesophyll is thicker; The leaves are dark green; Slightly covered with white powder, petiole is 43 cm long. The flower-shaped spatula is spoon-shaped, and the color changes from white to green in 25 days. The inflorescence length can reach 1 m, and the length of spiced flowers is also about 15 cm. The flowering period is late spring and early summer.
Propagation technique: The Hulk can propagate by ramets and tissue culture. Before the growing point is broken, it will not germinate until it is ripe. If the growing point is artificially destroyed, each plant can tiller 3 ~ 5 buds. Although the seedlings are strong, the shape is not as good as that of tissue culture. This method can be used for family self-reproduction.
Management technology: When cultivating Hulk, the test tube should be watered at seedling stage to keep the air humidity above 80%. Water the seedlings once every 1 ~ 2 days after growth. Spraying water on the leaves in summer has many functions, such as dust washing, cooling, sun protection and increasing air humidity. In order to make plants grow dignified and symmetrical, the placement angle should be adjusted once every six months. Whether the base fertilizer is sufficient is the key to the growth of Hulk. In addition, according to the growth situation, water fertilizer or inorganic nitrogen fertilizer should be applied monthly or irregularly to promote leaf growth, deepen leaf color and maintain the best ornamental state.
Hulk has strong resistance to pests and diseases. When the ventilation is not good, you can occasionally see aphids and green worms harming the heart leaves. Strengthening ventilation can prevent it, and potted plants should be connected with leaves. Once these insects are found, they can be removed manually or killed with pesticides.
Ornamental value: The Hulk plant is magnificent, and its gradual colors can bring infinite reverie. It is an ideal potted flower for large halls and rooms such as hotels, and it is also very imposing in a larger family room.
Second, the bottle orchid
Phalaenopsis is a small evergreen tree of Agavaceae and Phalaenopsis.
Origin and Habit: Cymbidium is native to Mexico. I like sunshine, fertilizer, sandy loam, drought resistance and cold resistance. In Hainan and South China, you can spend the winter in the open air along the south, and other areas have different degrees of insulation measures.
Morphological characteristics: the height of wild bottle orchid is 2 ~ 3 meters; The plant height of potted plants can reach 1 m, and the stems are peculiar in shape, and the base of the stems is particularly enlarged, like a wine bottle. The bark with a thick cork layer in the swelling part splits into small squares. Leaves slender, linear, thin leathery, drooping; The leaf margin is serrated; The length can reach1.5 ~ 2m.
Propagation and cultivation: sowing is often used for propagation of Cymbidium. From April to165438+1October, it is forbidden to move the flowerpot and its orientation during the growth period of vase orchid to ensure that it occupies a fixed site. At this time, enough water and nutrients can be given to promote the expansion of the stem. According to the wet and dry soil and the depth of leaf color, water and fertilize at the right time, without water accumulation or loss; The water content of 65438 should be strictly controlled from June to March, and the water permeability is the same as that of normal temperature only once a month. When applying fertilizer, it is not allowed to grow fertilizer or thick fertilizer. In addition, dimethoate or triadimefon can be sprayed once a month, and chlorothalonil can be sprayed 1 ~ 2 times a year, which can greatly improve the cold resistance of cymbidium.
Ornamental value: Cymbidium is a rare ornamental flower with tall and plump stems, bright and smooth lines and leaves.
Third, Solanum nigrum
Evergreen shrubs of Palmae.
Origin and Habit: It is native to Madagascar, and there are many bad places in China. Sunflowers like warm and humid environment, like light and are more resistant to shade. The height grows slowly, the crown develops quickly, and it is naturally pruned. It is required to have slightly acidic sandy loam with good air permeability and avoid alkaline soil.
Morphological characteristics: plant height 3 ~ 4m. The stem branches from the ground in a ring shape; Leaves arched, 2 meters long, petiole smooth, yellow, pinna lanceolate, 60 cm long, soft apex, three main veins on the back, protruding; Flowers are small, bunched, golden yellow, and bloom in March-April.
Propagation techniques: Sunflowers can be propagated by sowing and dividing plants. Generally, potted plants are propagated by dividing plants. It can be propagated by ramets all year round, but autumn is better. Select well-developed branches from robust mother plants, cut them from roots, and move them to new pots for replanting. Newly planted plants should avoid being exposed to strong light for a long time, because their roots are not well developed. Water the leaves properly and spray them with water several times a day to keep them moist. When the temperature is kept at about 20 ~ 25℃, it can grow normally in about 20 days.
Management techniques: acidic soil should be selected for indoor potted Saussurea involucrata, and sandy loam with high humus content should be paid attention to in the north. Watering should follow the principle of "dry and wet" according to the season. Water more in dry and hot season, and control water in cold and rainy days. In the north of China, especially in places with high salt and alkali content in water, attention should be paid to regularly adjusting soil acidity with black alum. Liquid fertilizer can be applied all year round, nitrogen-containing organic fertilizer can be applied appropriately in summer, and organic flower fertilizer such as sesame sauce residue can be applied in winter. Rotate the flowerpots regularly, often trim the dead leaves at the lower and inner parts, and pay attention to trimming the crown shape. The indoor temperature must be kept above 10℃ in winter.
Ornamental value: the plants of scattered Solanum nigrum are tall, the leaves droop green, and the potted plant layout in the north will be smoother. Hall, hall, especially magnificent.
Fourth, rubber trees
Rubber tree, alias Ficus, is an evergreen shrub or tree of Moraceae and Ficus.
Origin and habit: native to India and Malaysia, widely distributed in China, with about 120 species. Rubber trees like warm and humid environment and thrive in a greenhouse at 30℃ in summer. The lowest temperature in winter is generally above 10℃. I like sunny and well-ventilated environment and want fertile soil.
Morphological characteristics: Rubber tree is an evergreen tree with a height of more than 30 meters. The whole plant is smooth, with milk in the cortex and living roots on the stem. The leaves are oblong to oval, with a length of 10 ~ 30 cm, dark green, yellowish green on the back, entire, leathery and red stipules; Flowers are solitary and monoecious. Rubber tree with round leaves is an evergreen shrub with a height of 50 ~ 80 cm and many branches. Ye Guang is obovate, wide and round, narrow at the base, long1.5 ~ 5cm, leathery, with dark green leaves and dark glands in the axils. Cryptocephalus is spherical to pear-shaped, about 6 ~ 8℃ mm in diameter, solitary, yellow or reddish when mature.
Propagation technique: The propagation of rubber tree is mainly cuttage, which is easy to take root and can be cuttage indoors all year round. Cutting in summer can take root in 2 ~ 3 weeks when the temperature is kept at 18 ~ 25℃. In summer, you can also raise seedlings in outdoor fields.
Management technology: rubber tree cultivation soil is mixed with loam and humus, and decomposed farmyard manure is applied. Because it grows rapidly, it should be cultivated with sufficient water and fertilizer. In addition to applying base fertilizer, topdressing should be done at least once a month 1 time, and sufficient light should be given in summer. Potted plants usually change 1 time according to the growth history for 2 ~ 3 years. Secondly, because the leaves of rubber trees are large and lush, with strong respiration and transpiration, it is necessary to spray the leaves with clear water frequently or scrub them with beer, which can play a role in fattening and make the leaves oily, green and bright.
Ornamental value: Rubber tree is a common garden tree or potted foliage plant. The leaves are green all year round, which is quite beautiful. It is often used for landscaping and beautification in southern China; There are many indoor potted plants in Fanghua area, which are used to decorate hotels and hold meetings smoothly. Beautify the study, living room, etc. Both leaf viewing and modeling are deeply loved by people.
Verb (abbreviation of verb) Aralia Liaodong
Araucaria heterophylla, also known as Araucaria heterophylla, belongs to Araucaria.
Origin and Habit: Aralia elata is native to Oceania, norfolk island and northeastern Australia. There are cultivated landscape trees in Guangdong, Hainan, Fujian and other places in China, and potted plants are common in the north of the Yangtze River basin for viewing. Nanmu is resistant to shade, cold and drought. I like warm and humid climate and have strong resistance to pests and pollution. The suitable growth temperature is 10 ~ 25℃, and the lowest temperature in winter is above 5℃.
Morphological characteristics: Aralia elata is an evergreen tree with a pointed crown. The branching rule is horizontal, the branchlets are flat or drooping, and fall off alternately in winter; Young leaves or twigs are soft and sickle-shaped, with a leaf length of about 65438 0.5 cm, while leaves on big trees and old branches are oval or triangular, with a length of about 0.6 m. Potted plants are generally 1 ~ 2 m high.
Propagation technique: Aralia elata can be propagated by sowing or cutting. Taxodium ascendens planted in the north rarely bears seeds, and most of them are propagated by cutting. In spring, erect new branches or clustered branches extracted from lateral buds are used as cuttings (if lateral branches and weak branches are used as cuttings, the crown shape of cultivated plants will be incorrect and the ornamental value will be lost). The cuttings with a length of 7 cm can take root when inserted into the greenhouse sand bed with a temperature of 13 ~ 16℃ and an air relative humidity of 60 ~ 80%. Or cut off young trees, wait for the top lateral buds to pull out upright new buds, and then cut off branches and cuttings in spring.
Seed propagation: It is best to break the seed coat before sowing to promote germination. Seeded seedlings have long straight roots and few fibrous roots, which are easy to cause seedling death when transplanted. Grasping the technical points such as root protection, close planting, heat preservation and shading can improve the survival rate of seedlings. Rooting seedlings can be washed with clean water and inserted into plain sand, and can be rooted again from the cross section at the appropriate temperature of 1 ~ 2 weeks. Seedlings with broken buds, stems and leaves can be planted as usual, and new buds will sprout after a certain period of survival.
Management technology: Aralia elata likes light and needs full light, but avoid strong light. Outdoor shading or semi-shading in summer. Plants will grow thin and tall if they are kept in cold and dark places for a long time. In September, we will move into a frost-free and well-lit cold room. The temperature should change gradually, and the ideal temperature after 10 months is 5 ~ 10℃. Water plants regularly during the growing season and keep the soil moist in winter. Too dry basin soil in summer, too much water in winter and the relative temperature below 60% will make the lower leaves droop. Too dim light or too high temperature in winter will cause the needle to fall off or yellow. In the growing season, calcium-free fertilizer should be applied once every two weeks. Generally, change pots in spring every 2 to 3 years to prevent plants from growing too high. Pot soil should be mixed with three loams, one humus, one coarse sand and a small amount of plant ash. The depth of the soil layer is controlled by the bud point of the upper root just exposed on the soil surface.
Ornamental value: Aralia elata has beautiful tree shape and rapid growth, and can be planted in the courtyard or alone. Small trees are precious foliage plants. In addition, Aralia elata is an important timber tree species in Australia and South Africa.
Six, Boston fern
Boston fern is a terrestrial fern belonging to Nephropteridae and Nephropteris.
Origin and Habit: Boston fern is found in tropical or subtropical areas. Likes humidity, does not require high temperature, has strong cold resistance, and avoids direct sunlight. The cultivated soil should be loose and well ventilated.
Morphological characteristics: Dryopteris Boston is a variant of Dryopteris. Featherlike compound leaves, the feathers are wider and drooping than the original species, and the feathers are 90 ~ 100 cm long, lanceolate and yellow-green. Leaflets are flat, with wavy margins and twisted tips.
Propagation technology: Boston fern does not produce spore leaves, and can only be propagated by branching or walking. It can be done every year, especially in spring and autumn. After dividing plants, watering them with permeable water and keeping them in the shade can quickly restore their growth.
Management technology: About half (volume ratio) of expanded plastic artificial soil is added to the common cultivation soil, and the Boston fern can be cultivated outdoors after uniform stirring. Indoor potted plants can be made of light, clean and hygienic pure expanded plastic artificial soil. Boston fern should be cultivated in a shaded shed. It is best to cover it with a colorless film, which can prevent rain and direct sunlight. Water once a day during the growing period, and use drip irrigation to prevent the leaves from yellowing, rotting and dripping. In summer, you can also spray water around potted flowers to improve humidity. Water should be properly controlled and kept moist in winter. Nitrogen fertilizer must be topdressing in the growing period. For outdoor cultivation, thin organic fertilizer water can be applied twice a month to avoid polluting leaves; For indoor cultivation, Zuo Ji can supplement nitrogen-based nutrient solution once every two months. In order to ensure the beautiful plant shape and promote air circulation, the withered and yellow old leaves should be cut off in combination with plastic surgery.
Ornamental value: the leaves of Boston fern are bright green and the plant shape is beautiful and generous. Potted plants are unique as decorative materials for indoor decoration or wall hanging and mosaic plants.
Seven, asparagus
Asparagus is also known as Dianzhu and Alpinia officinarum, Liliaceae, asparagus.
Origin and Habit: Asparagus is native to South Africa. Sexual preference is warm, humid and semi-cloudy, and it is not resistant to drought and frost. The soil is required to be rich in humus and well drained.
Morphological characteristics: Asparagus is a perennial herb with smooth and slender stems, which are climbing. Leaves slender, spreading, small, about 3 ~ 5 mm long. True leaves degenerate into scales or thorns. Flowers are small, bisexual and white. Berries are spherical and purple-black. The flowering period is mostly in February-March or June-July, and some flowers bloom twice.
Propagation techniques: Asparagus is usually propagated by sowing and dividing plants. Sow in March and April, and soak the seeds for 24 hours before sowing. Sow in a pot with a depth of 10 cm, cover with glass or plastic film, keep the temperature at 20 ~ 25℃ and the soil moist, and germinate in 20 ~ 30 days. The height of seedlings is 5 ~ 10 cm, which can be planted in greenhouse or pot. 4 ~ 5-year-old plants can be propagated by dividing plants in spring.
Management technology: Asparagus is a negative plant and should not be placed in a place with too strong light, otherwise it will easily cause the branches and leaves to turn yellow. Water properly to keep the soil moist and dry. Generally, water can moisten the topsoil, and water should be sprayed on the leaves in dry season. Asparagus likes fertilizer. Every 10 ~ 15 days, apply 1 times of fully decomposed dilute liquid fertilizer or residual milk with water. Asparagus grows fast, so it is necessary to prune too weak, too dense, old branches and dead stems at any time, which is conducive to ventilation and keeps a low profile. Asparagus can also be planted in bamboo tubes, which has good water permeability and water retention, and there is no need to drill holes in the bottom of the basin.
Ornamental value: asparagus is mainly potted for foliage viewing, fresh and elegant, and the layout of the study is more bookish. The roots, stems and leaves of asparagus can be used as medicine and can be collected all year round. Asparagus is slender, tall and beautiful, dense and green, and has a natural posture. It is a good foil for cut flowers, bouquets and flower baskets.
Eight, fake betel nut
Pseudobetel nut is an evergreen tall tree in Palmae.
Origin and Habit: Pseudobetel nut is native to Oceania and can be cultivated in the open field in Guangdong, Hainan and Taiwan Province provinces. Betel nut likes high temperature, high humidity, shelter from the wind and sunny environment. Potted plants are often planted in the north, and slightly acidic sandy loam with good drainage is the best potted soil.
Morphological characteristics: the height of betel nut can reach 18 meters, and the stem is annular, solitary and straight; The leaves are pinnately compound, with a length of1~ 2m. Leaflets are slender and tufted at the top, and the base of petiole circles around the stem, forming a circle of node marks after falling off. Generally, it blooms in summer, with drooping ears and milky yellow; Spherical fruit, red.
Propagation technique: Pseudobetel nut is propagated mainly by sowing. After the seeds are harvested, the pulp is washed, soaked in warm water for two days, and then sown. Transplanting with buds, slow growth in young age, rapid growth in adulthood.
Management technology: when planting betel nut, base fertilizer should be applied, and dilute liquid fertilizer can be applied every month in peak season. The indoor temperature in winter should not be lower than 65438 00℃. Water should be controlled during dormancy to keep the soil moist, and the pots should be changed every 1 ~ 2 years.
Ornamental value: the fake betel nut plant is tall and majestic, with interior decoration and extraordinary bearing. Its drooping green leaves are floating in the wind, making people feel like they are in a tropical scenery.
Nine, Hu Jin
Jinhu, alias Jinhuhuang, is the most striking cactus variety in Cactus and Jinhu. There are also several main varieties of cultivated palm, such as Nitraria, Wild Nitraria, Short Nitraria, Brocade and Crown.
Origin and Habit: Jinhu originated in the desert area of Mexico and has been introduced and cultivated in the north and south of China. Jinhu likes sunny days and fertile sandy loam with good permeability. In hot summer, it is necessary to properly shade the light to prevent the sphere from being burned by strong light.
Morphological characteristics: Jin Hu's stem is spherical, the ball is dark green, with dense yellow thorns, and the top of the ball is densely covered with golden hair; The flower is yellow, and the top is born in wool, which is as big as Lu and very beautiful and spectacular; The involucre has scales and villi, and the seeds are black and smooth.
Propagation technique: Jinhu is propagated by sowing and grafting. 1. Sowing method: The seeds harvested in that year have a high emergence rate. Sowing in May-September, 30-40 days after germination, the seedling ball is the size of rice grain or mung bean, which can be transplanted or grafted on rootstock to promote growth. 2. Bulb grafting method: Graft the seedlings cultivated for more than 3 months on the tender ruler to accelerate the growth. When the scion grows to a certain size or the rootstock can't support it, it can be cut, dried and potted by cutting. In an environment with fertile soil and good air circulation, the seedlings without grafting grow rapidly. Potted seedlings or grafted bulbs should be placed in a semi-shady place to avoid direct sunlight. After 7 ~ 10 days, the bulb will not shrink, that is, it will survive.
Management technology: Jinhu likes calcareous sandy loam, which can be mixed with the same amount of coarse sand, loam, humus and a small amount of old wall ash. Every year, we have to turn over the pots and change the soil and cut off the old roots. Take the ball out of the pot in mid-March, cut off the old roots, and don't hurt the main roots. After cutting, put the bad ones in a ventilated place to dry for 4 ~ 5 days and let the incision dry; The new culture soil for turning pots should be fermented livestock manure as base fertilizer, and coal ash, plant ash and a small amount of animal bone powder should be added and mixed well; Pots should be disinfected by drying, boiling and spraying to prevent rotten balls.
Jinhu likes sunshine, but it needs shade in summer. When the temperature reaches above 35℃, it should be shaded around noon to avoid strong sunlight burning the sphere. /kloc-0 before morning or after 5 pm, it can be placed in the sun to promote more buds, avoid excessive shading, make the ball longer and reduce the ornamental value. The overwintering temperature is maintained at 8 ~ 10℃, and the basin soil is kept dry. If the temperature is too low, the ball will produce yellow spots. Rain protection in summer.
Summer is the peak season for the growth of Jinhu Lake, and the water demand increases. In case of drought, water frequently, preferably in the early morning and evening, and avoid watering too cold water in the hot noon, which may easily lead to "catching cold" and leading to blogs? If the soil in the basin is too dry at noon, you can spray less water to make the basin surface wet, and you can't spray water on the top of the ball and grafting parts to avoid water rot. Apply 1 ~ 2 times of dilute fertilizer solution containing nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and other components about half a month during the growth period, and then clean and water it. Organic fertilizer should be fully decomposed and the concentration should be appropriate.
Jinhu Lake has strong resistance to diseases, but in summer, due to humidity, heat, poor ventilation and other factors, diseases and insect pests such as red spider, scale insect and whitefly are prone to occur, so prevention and control should be strengthened. We should strengthen the prevention and control of diseases and insect pests such as red spider, scale insect and whitefly. Spraying 40% dimethoate or 90% trichlorfon 1000 ~ 1500 times to control red spider. When scale insects and whiteflies are found to be harmful, they can be eliminated manually.
Ornamental value: Jinhu has a long life and is easy to cultivate. Adult Jinhu flowers are magnificent and have high ornamental value. Moreover, it is small in size and occupies little space, and it is an ideal ornamental plant for urban family greening.
X. making a fortune tree
The scientific name of Nostoc flagelliforme is Guali, also known as Nostoc flagelliforme, Malabari and China-US kapok. It is a foliage plant of kapok, Guali (China-US kapok).
Origin and habit: Nostoc flagelliforme originated in tropical America. China was introduced from Mexico on 1964 and cultivated in the herbarium of Guangdong Academy of Forestry. Now it has blossomed and borne fruit. Sexual preference is warm and humid, which requires good soil drainage performance and moderate growth temperature. The god of wealth tree is not strict with light, and it can adapt well to rooms with strong light or weak light.
Morphological characteristics: Fugui tree is an evergreen tree with a height of about 10 m. Palmately compound leaves alternate, petiole length 10 ~ 28 cm; There are 5 ~ 9 leaflets, the leaves are long and oval, the whole leaves are pointed, about 10 ~ 22 cm long, the veins are pinnate and the petiole is short. Flowers are solitary in leaf axils, with 2 ~ 3 bracteoles and pale yellow flowers.
Propagation techniques: Nostoc flagelliforme generally uses seeds to sow seedlings to propagate new plants, and can also be propagated by cutting. Because seed seedlings have the characteristics of neat emergence, straight roots, smooth seedlings, easy knitting and round and lovely radish heads, they have become a widely used propagation method for horticultural producers. But at present, a large number of seeds mainly come from overseas, and Hainan can produce a small amount.
Cutting propagation of Nostoc flagelliforme is easy and can be carried out all year round in the south. Northern enthusiasts may wish to do it in May-August when the temperature is high every year. Cuttings can be cut from the top or branches of potted plants, and the length is about 10 ~ 15 cm, so the survival rate is high when they are inserted in plain or loam. Compared with sowing seedlings, cutting seedlings have some defects, such as the head and stem are not enlarged or only slightly enlarged, and the culms are not beautiful. This method is not used for horticultural production, but only for family fun cultivation.
Management technology: Fugui tree requires thick soil, medium fertility, good drainage performance and pH value of 6.5. Generally, 6 parts of garden soil, 2 parts of decomposed organic fertilizer and 2 parts of coarse sand, or 8 parts of humus soil and 2 parts of cinder block are used to prepare culture soil, and the pot or jar is at least 40 cm deep, which is beneficial to the growth and development of roots. Avoid direct sunlight in summer, put it in a place where light is scattered, and put it in a place with bright indoor light in winter. In winter, the indoor temperature should be kept at 15 ~ 25℃, and the room temperature should not be lower than 8℃, otherwise chilling injury will easily occur, leading to the death of fallen leaves. It is not easy to water the rich trees too much to prevent water from accumulating in the basin soil, causing root rot and plant death. Spray water on the leaves every day to ensure that the leaves are green. Proper topdressing of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer can make the stem stout and present the beauty of vigor and simplicity. Prune technical strips in spring to promote the emergence of new techniques at the base of stems and make them easy to knot and shape.
Ornamental value: French colored trees are elegant in shape and bright in color. Besides braiding, animals such as deer, dogs, sea lions and Youlong can also be carved by grafting. It can be used for indoor greening decoration in hotels, restaurants, shopping malls, families and other places. It has an extraordinary style and is a good garden for viewing trees.
Eleven, poinsettia
Poinsettia, also known as Poinsettia, Ivory and Pepper, is an erect shrub of Euphorbiaceae.
Origin and Habit: Orangutan wood is native to Mexico and tropical America. Sex likes warm sunshine and needs fertile and loose soil with strong permeability and good drainage.
Morphological characteristics: poinsettia 1 ~ 3 meters high, with white milk on the stem; Simple leaves alternate, the leaves are oval to broadly lanceolate, 10 ~ 15 cm long, whole or with wavy teeth, green, and hairy on the back. Inflorescence terminal, lower leaves vermilion, 5 ~ 7 cm in diameter; The involucre is light green, and each bract has 1 ~ 2 rhubarb glands.
Propagation technique: Poinsettia is propagated by cutting with hard branches or soft branches. 1. Hardwood cuttings are mostly carried out from March to May in spring, and annual lignified or semi-lignified branches with a length of about 10 cm are cut; Cut off the leaves on the cuttings, dip the cuttings in plant ash, dry the cuttings, insert them into fine sand about 5 cm deep, fully irrigate them, and keep the temperature at 22 ~ 24℃ for about one month to take root. 2. Softwood cutting: when the tender strips grow to 6-8 leaves, select 3-4 nodes and 6-8 cm long tender branches, cut them flat under the nodes, remove the big leaves at the base, immediately put them in clear water to prevent milk from flowing out, then naturally cut them, keep the substrate moist, and take root in about 20 days.
Management technology: Poinsettia can be cultivated in the open field in the south of China or in the greenhouse in the north, but it needs sufficient light from May to September to make the plants grow fully. The length of sunshine is an important factor affecting the flowering of Poinsettia. Poinsettia needs more fertilizer than gladiolus and carnation. Mature plants are usually supplemented with a teaspoon of slow-acting resin film fertilizer of NPK 14: 14 two weeks before flower bud differentiation to supplement the deficiency of soluble fertilizer, and the fertilizer concentration should be reduced by half in winter. Poinsettia leaves like water at the rooting stage, and dry at other times. In summer and autumn, weak branches are removed by removing the core for 2 ~ 3 times, and liquid fertilizer is applied every month 1 time. If you want to blossom ahead of time, you can choose plants with 20 cm branches to shorten the sunshine, 9 hours a day, and it will be civilized after 40 days. Overwintering temperature is not lower than 5℃.
Ornamental value: Poinsettia natural flowering period is in the middle and late February of 65438+,just before Christmas and New Year's Eve, which adds a warm and joyful atmosphere to the festival and is the main potted flower of the festival. In recent years, it has been widely welcomed by people because of its long flowering period, bright red bracts and easy control of flowering period.
Twelve. Oriental hyacinthus orientalis
Hyacinthus orientalis, known as the "western narcissus", got its name from the transliteration of the Greek word A Xin Teus, which was originally the name of a handsome man loved by Apollo in Greek mythology. It is native to southern Europe and Asia Minor. As a world-famous fragrant flower, Holland has the most cultivated flowers and sells well all over the world.
Abroad, hyacinthus orientalis's flower language is "As long as we light the fire of life, we can share a rich life". This just shows the beauty and connotation of hyacinthus orientalis. It is a perennial herb of Liliaceae. Its seed head is a spherical bulb, the plant is about half a foot high, and its leaves are like short swords, thick and sessile, with five or six pieces. Flowers are drawn from the bulbs of racemes, surrounded by 20 or 30 small flowers, each with 6 petals, like a curly Jason Chung, which opens from bottom to top and can give off a burst of fragrance. Various varieties have different degrees of fragrance. Pink flowers are fragrant, lavender flowers are fragrant, and pure white flowers are pale, which can be quickly distinguished by people who have experience in watching hyacinthus orientalis.
Due to the differences in national nature, cultural accomplishment and viewing level, people's cognition of daffodils is very different. Chinese people have a deep affection for the charm of Zhangzhou Narcissus, which is beautiful but not charming, charming but not proud, jade bone with ice muscles, and elegant. Westerners, on the other hand, long for hyacinthus orientalis's colorful, colorful, exotic and uninhibited mind. Hyacinthus orientalis just answered their visual sense. Therefore, flower beds or flower borders in Europe and America are often planted in hyacinthus orientalis one after another, and when they bloom, they look like colorful paintings. There are also many families who keep hyacinthus orientalis in a special bottle like a gourd. In the upper part, you can see its flower clusters, and in the lower part, you can see a bunch of thick white rhizomes. This kind of flower root is lush, and other flowers and plants are hard to see except cymbidium.
Today, there are about 130 horticultural varieties in hyacinthus orientalis. Mainly divided into "Dutch species" and "Roman species" two categories. The former is an authentic variety, and most of them are only 1 flower, which is strong and big. The latter are mostly mutant hybrids, and each plant can bear two or three flowers, which are weak and have fine flowers. Most consumers like to buy hyacinthus orientalis in the Netherlands. At present, China has no ability to breed by itself, and it still needs to be introduced from abroad. When purchasing seed heads, we should pay attention to the bright skin color, strong texture, no disease spots and no insect mouth. Usually, the color of the seed coat can basically tell what color flowers it opens. For example, if the skin is purple, purple flowers will bloom. If it is white, it will have white flowers. However, some cross-bred varieties are complex in color and sometimes unclear, so you should ask the operators clearly before buying.
After the seeds are bought back, in order to break the dormancy period, they should be placed in the lowest compartment of the refrigerator for about a month, so as to bloom smoothly in the future. But when you take it out of the refrigerator, you'd better put it in a cool place for seven or eight days before sowing. There are two cultivation methods in hyacinthus orientalis: one is potted plants. That is, in June+10/October, 5438, the seed heads were planted in pots with culture soil, with 3-4 balls in each small pot and 3-4 balls in the big pot, and then covered with soil. Pay attention to increasing the application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer after planting. /kloc-After 0/20 days, Zuo Ji will be able to blossom. The second is to save water. In June+February, 5438, you can put the seed head in a wide-mouth glass bottle and add a little charcoal, which is helpful for disinfection and anticorrosion. Its seed head can only dip into the bottom of the ball. Then put it in a dark place and cover the bottle with black cloth, so that after more than 20 days, the roots germinate in a completely black environment. At this time, you can take it out and let it accept the sunshine. One or two hours a day at first, and then gradually increased to seven or eight hours. If the weather doesn't change much, it may bloom in the Spring Festival.
After hyacinthus orientalis blooms, if the seed heads are well preserved, there is hope that they will bloom again the next year. However, due to the degeneration of the ear axis, even if it is possible to survive, its plants will become shorter, and the scape will tend to shrink, which can no longer be preserved. It is best to buy new seed heads for cultivation in the next year.
13. Rhododendron occidentalis
In the past, when people visited the new year market, most of them only bought some peaches, chrysanthemums and silver willows. As an insert for bottles. In recent years, with the emergence of a large number of trendy flowers, many people have become interested in small potted flowers. In particular, the western azaleas covered with red and colorful flowers are the most attractive, and always pray for them during the Spring Festival.
Rhododendron occidentalis, Rhododendron for short. It is a new variety obtained by Dutch and Belgian experts through long-term cross breeding. It is said that there are relatives of Rhododendron in China. Because it was first propagated and popularized in Belgium, it is also called "Beller's Rhododendron", which is one of the most popular famous flowers in the world today. It is characterized by short and strong plant shape, dense crown and flourishing flowers, mostly double petals and compound petals, and its petal types are round, wide, narrow, backward-turned, wavy and wrinkled. The patterns are red, edged, flying white, sprinkled with gold, clouds and so on. Generally, it can bloom 30 to 40 flowers, and the crown diameter is 25cm, which is two or three times more than the local azaleas. This kind of flower is dignified, exquisite, elegant and charming. It lasts for 40 to 50 days from the beginning to the end, and its sweet smiling face can still be seen on Valentine's Day-Lantern Festival in China.