It can be clearly seen from the figure that the airflow is sucked out from the fan at the tail of the graphics card, and on the way to the baffle of the graphics card, it takes away the heat on the heat sink. The heat on the fin is transferred through the steam chamber, mainly from GPU.
Titan series graphics cards are basically designed like this. The fan drives the airflow to blow away the heat transferred from the steam chamber to the heat sink. The difference is that Titan, Titan Black, Titan X and other single-core titans use centrifugal fans, while Titan Z uses axial fans. The fan is involved in heat dissipation, otherwise the temperature cannot be controlled by fins alone.