Where is Sun Yat-sen's ancestral home?

Before the death of Dr. Sun Yat-sen in p>1925, the issue of his ancestral home had not been taken seriously. At that time, the family origin relationship was clearly reflected in the written records of family tree (or genealogy), the identification of blood relationship and the internal communication of the family. A few years after the death of Dr. Sun Yat-sen, the issue of Sun Yat-sen's ancestral home initially caused controversy in Sun Shi, Dongguan, and then there were differences in academic circles. The internal dispute in Sun Shi, Dongguan was launched between Yuantoushan and Shangsha Township in Dongguan. Both Sun Shi believed that Sun Yat-sen's ancestors moved from their respective townships to Xiangshan (now Zhongshan). At that time, the controversial activities in Sun Shi, Dongguan also attracted the attention of relevant departments. The Dongguan county government was also ordered to participate in the investigation activities in order to clarify the facts. By February 18, 1933, the executive department of the Southwest Committee of the Kuomintang, composed of Hu Hanmin, Chen Jitang, Bai Chongxi, Liu Jiwen, Zou Lu and Lin Yizhong, made a conclusion and wrote to the Central Committee for the Compilation of Historical Materials of Party History, saying that "the Prime Minister moved from Shangsha Township, Dongguan County to Cuiheng Township, Zhongshan County, to Sun in Yuantoushan Township. Sun Shi agrees that the situation originating from Shangsha Township is completely consistent. After the above conclusions were reached, the internal disputes in Sun Shi quickly disappeared. Later, it was Mr. Luo Xianglin, a professor at Sun Yat-sen University, who raised objections in academic circles. At first, Mr. Luo Xianglin also accepted that Sun Yat-sen's ancestors came from Dongguan, but he later revised it to "Sun Gong's ancestors lived in Zijin, and then moved to Dongguan". It was not until 1942 that Mr. Luo completely excluded Dongguan and inferred that Zijin was the ancestral home of Sun Yat-sen. The book was prefaced by celebrities of the Republic of China, such as Sun Ke, Zou Lu, Wu Tiecheng and Chen Lifu (Sun Yat-sen's grandnephew Sun Man said that Sun Ke and Wu Tiecheng were written by Luo Xianglin himself), and was also sponsored by Chiang Kai-shek, Yu Youren and Zhang Ji, especially Mr. Sun Ke accepted Luo Zhu's views, which made Luo Zhu have a wide influence. However, as soon as the "Zijin Theory" was put forward, Deng Muhan, Zhong Gongren, Lin No.1 Factory, Mo Jipeng, Sun Jing and Xu Shishen, members of the Kuomintang Party History Committee at that time, raised objections and defended the "Dongguan Theory", and most of Sun Yat-sen's relatives also held negative opinions on the "Zijin Theory". However, at this time, the "Zijin theory" was supported by "party and state dignitaries" and took on an official color, so their opinions failed to attract attention. After the 196s, famous Sun Yat-sen scholars Tan Bi 'an, Qiu Jie, Professor Lin Jiayou of Sun Yat-sen University and Li Boxin, deputy director of the memorial hall of Sun Yat-sen's former residence in Cuiheng, started to comprehensively examine the issue of Sun Yat-sen's ancestral home based on the cultural relics preserved in the memorial hall of Sun Yat-sen's former residence in Cuiheng, and conducted a wide-ranging social investigation, especially a folklore investigation. The investigation and research showed that the "Zijin Theory" was insufficient, far-fetched, unreliable and unreliable.

second, the basis of "Zijin theory".

The first basis of Zijin Theory is that Sun Yat-sen's ancestral temple is on the back of the Mansion. "Gongguanbei" is a Chinese translation inferred by Mr. Luo Xianglin according to the place name "Kung Kun" about the location of Sun Yat-sen's ancestral temple in the English version of Biography of Sun Yixian written by American Lin Baike published in 1925, while the Sun Shi Family Tree of Sunwupai Village in Zijin Zhongba mentioned that the location of a ancestral grave was named "Gongguanbei", so "Gongguanbei" became the first basis for Mr. Luo Xianglin to identify the relationship between Zijin Sun Shi and Cuiheng Sun Shi. The second basis of "Zijin Theory" is that Zijin Sun Lianchang and Xiangshan Sun Lianchang are the same person. Sun Lianchang, whose genealogy is named in Sun Shi Genealogy of Sunwupai Village in Zijin, is the 12th, while Sun Lianchang, the direct ancestor of Sun Yat-sen, is also the 12th in Cuiheng's Genealogy of Sun Shi, so Luo Xianglin regards them as the same person. The third evidence of "Zijin Theory" is that "Lian Changgong moved to Zengcheng, but he was unknown later" recorded in Zijin's Sun Shi Genealogy. There is a Sun Lianchang with a similar name and the same lineage in Xiangshan, so they should be the same person. Based on the above three grounds, Luo Xianglin regarded Sun Lianchang as the ancestor of Zijin Sun Shi who moved to Xiangshan. He explained that the migration process of Sun Lianchang was: "Only Lianchang (referring to Lianchang) was in Zengcheng, and it seemed that he had not lived for a long time, that is, he moved to Yongkoumen Village, Zhongshan County." He determined that the migration route of Sun Yat-sen's ancestors was ...? Jiangxi Ningdu? Fujian Changting? Guangdong Zijin Zhongba? Zengcheng? Chongkoumen Village, Zhongshan County (Xiangshan County)? Cuiheng village In view of the fact that Zijin Sun Shi is a Hakka and Cuiheng Sun Shi is a Guangfu native, and the ethnic affiliation is different, Mr. Luo inferred without reliable basis: "Sun Yat-sen, a hybrid of Hakka and Guangfu local lineage, lived in Cuiheng, formerly known as Caikeng, and was a Hakka immigrant. He made a living by growing vegetables at first, so he was named as Caikeng."

third, the argument of "Dongguan Theory".

"Dongguan Theory" uses a lot of word of mouth, writing, cultural relics and investigation data to prove that Sun Yat-sen's ancestral home is Dongguan, not Zijin. The evidence of "Dongguan Theory" is as follows:

(1) Written materials: 1. The Sun Shi Genealogy, originally preserved by Sun Miaoqian, Sun Yat-sen's eldest sister, records that "the ancestor, the second, the third and the fourth ancestors all lived in changsha town, Dongguan County (namely Shangsha Township). The fifth ancestor praised Gong for moving to Yongkou Village in Dongguan County. " 2. Does the Qing archives say that Sun Yat-sen is left? Chief. "Sun Wen, the original word emperor, nicknamed Yixian, changed the word, and Cai Keng, Xiangshan County, is now renamed Zaopu Head (that is, left? Head), "left? Toucun (also known as Left? Village, about 8 kilometers away from Cuiheng Village) is the separation place of Le Qian Gong, the sixth ancestor of Sun Yat-sen recorded in Cuiheng's Sun Shi Genealogy. Le Qian and Le Nan are the eldest and second sons of praise, and the descendants of Le Qian have always left? Tou was the main place of residence, and the descendants of Le Nan later moved from Chongkou to Jingzai? , Cuiheng Village, therefore, Cuiheng Sun Shi and Zuo? Sun Shi is a kindred. 3. Left? Sun Shi Genealogy has an exact record of its origin in Dongguan. 4. The genealogy preserved by Sun Huaxiang (now living in Honolulu), the descendant of Sun Lianfu (the second brother of Sun Lianchang), the 12th ancestor of Cui Heng Sun Shi, is completely consistent with Cui Heng's Genealogy of Sun Shi. 5. The Genealogy of Cuiheng Sun Shi, which was left by Sun Mei, Sun Yat-sen's brother, and preserved by Sun Man, the eldest grandson of Sun Mei, briefly describes the birth and death of Kao Yan, the immediate ancestor of Cuiheng Sun Shi, from the 1th to the 17th, and clearly shows the relationship between Sun Ruiying and Sun Lianchang.

(2) Word-of-mouth information: 1. In May 1912, Sun Yat-sen held a meeting with Sun's family from Shangsha, Dongguan. In his speech, Sun Longguang, the host at that time, said that Sun Shi "has been scattered all over the country since he moved to Guangdong from Nanxiong Zhuji Lane." Sun Longguang's speech said that Sun Shi moved from Nanxiong to Guangdong, not from Fujian. At that time, the newspaper once reported this. 2. On April 26th, 1931, Sun Miaoqian, Sun Yat-sen's elder sister, said: "The ancestor of Sun Shi was in Dongguan County. It was not until the fifth that he moved to Zhongshan County. Since then, he has migrated to one or two places in this county. I lived in Cuiheng Village until the fourteenth. " The narrative of Sun Miaoqian, the elder sister of Sun Yat-sen, is consistent with that of Cui Heng's Sun Shi Genealogy. 3. Sun Miaoqian's grandson Yang Lianfeng confirmed that Sun Miaoqian only recognized Dongguan as his ancestral home and never talked about Zijin. 4. Sun Man, Sun Gan and others, descendants of Sun Yat-sen's brother Sun Mei, have always insisted that their ancestral home is Dongguan and refused to recognize Zijin. Their attitude is very clear. 5, Dongguan Sun Shi has always admitted with the left? , Cui Heng Sun Shi as the origin relationship, and left? Cui Heng Most people in Sun Shi have not only recognized each other as homologous relatives, but also recognized that * * * originated from Dongguan.

(3) Physical information: 1. There are 39 graves buried in Sunjia Cemetery in Tanjiashan near Cuiheng, and the names of the owners inscribed on the tombstones are consistent with the names of the Sunjia recorded in Sun Shi Genealogy, Sun Meijing and others' Land Sale Deed, Le 'antang Shihe Account Book, and Sun Dacheng Brothers' Contract for Farming and Barrening. These cultural relics and historical materials prove that Sun Yat-sen's ancestors moved from Dongguan to Xiangshan as early as Chenghua in the Ming Dynasty, and also confirmed that Zuo? Sun Shi and Cui Heng Sun Shi are homologous. 2. In May, 1912, Sun Yat-sen left a group photo when he held a meeting with the Sun family from Shangsha, Dongguan. Sun Yanjia of Shangsha Township still kept the leaflets and photos of the meeting left by his father Sun Tongfa. After Sun Yat-sen returned to Cuiheng at the end of the same month, he and his wife Lu Muzhen, eldest brother Sun Mei, eldest sister-in-law Tan, and daughter Sun? Sun Wan to the left? Left with granduncle? Sun's ancestral hall took three photos. These photos are Sun Yat-sen and Zuo? Important evidence of kinship with Sun Shi in Shangsha, Dongguan. And the left who participated in the group photo? Sun Shi's descendants not only know the names and relationships of many people in the photos, but also know a lot about Sun Yat-sen and Cui Heng Sun Shi. 3. In order to congratulate the reconstruction of Shangsha Grand Ancestral Hall in Dongguan during the Guangxu period of Qing Dynasty, left? Sun Junbang and Sun Juntang, the 18th biographies of Sun Shi, wrote couplets to make wooden couplets, which were hung in the lobby of Shangsha Ancestral Hall. The content was: "Cuizi's surname was in his hometown, Muyou Benshui Yuanwu Jiqiu opened Guanling, and An Xianling paid tribute to Zongde Nianzu's three-bedroom cowpea tribute to Xiangshan in the temple." This shows that Dongguan Shangsha Sun Shi and Xiangshan Zuo? The origin of Sun Shi. 4. In 1947, Sun Ke wrote "The Hometown of the Founding Father" for the tea pavilion of Dongguan Shangsha Station, and left photos as evidence.