In the early 1960s, the fresh and warm air in Bossa Nova blew all over American jazz. It combines the rhythm of Brazilian music, American cold jazz and avant-garde European classical harmony. At that time, American jazz was polarized, either hard Bop or avant-garde jazz in the rising stage. Moreover, jazz at that time could only be based on awe-inspiring classics, wandering among more popular rock music and pop music. At this time, Bossa Nova became a new musical style and could be successful.
Orthodox Bossa Nova music has a soft rhythm, but powerful performance. It originated from samba in Brazil, and has a series of irregular rhythm patterns of African music, using any kind of percussion instruments, such as tin cans, tambourines and bells. Bossa Nova's pioneers removed the noise and complexity in samba music and reduced the volume, but still maintained its beautiful melody. They add unique jumping rhythm, soft melody and lyrics (Portuguese or English) to non-electro-acoustic guitars, which often bring out a faint feeling. On the other hand, the complex harmony originated from Debussy and Ravel solved the problems that jazz could not solve at that time in many ways. Bossa Nova opened the door to another musical style. The most obvious thing is to establish a great music style that jazz musicians can adopt.
Before Bossa Nova was born, to Americans, Brazilian music was like Carmen Miranda carrying a basket of fruit on his head. On the contrary, in 1950s, some Brazilians with open hearing began to appreciate American jazz seriously, especially the West Coast cold jazz initiated by chet baker, Gerry Maringen and others. 1953, Brazilian guitarist Laurindo Almeida began to explore the rhythm similar to Bossa Nova in some early records with American saxophonist Bud Shank. These records have also received a good response in Brazil. Among them, the young singer Joao Gilberto took this exploration a step further. He played a special rhythm on the guitar. This rhythm became the basic rhythm of Bossa Nova. At that time, the composer Antonio Carlos Jobin wrote several new songs with avant-garde harmony.
1958 Jo &； Atildeo Gilberto (generally regarded as the founder of Bosanova) is very popular with Chega De Saudade of Jobim. This marks the beginning of the Brazilian music movement. Jopin and Louis Bonfa wrote an episode for an opera called Black orpheus, which was made into a film in 1959. Among them, songs such as Manhade Carnaval and Sambadeorfeo are popular all over the world. In the soundtrack album of this film, the passionate samba rhythm in the past has become a relaxed Bossa Nova.
However, it was not until 1962 that Bossa Nova made a breakthrough in North America. At that time, the guitarist Charlie Byrd, who became famous from the South American tour held in the State Council, persuaded Stern submachine gun Gates to record a Bosha Nova jazz samba with him. One of them, Desafendo, suddenly became a hit song. Gates became famous overnight. Composer Qiao Bin has also received much attention. So Bossa Nova has become the focus of attention. Large and small record companies have released records printed with Bossa Nova. Even Miles Davis released Bossa Nova's records, most of which are still widely known today. On June 2nd, 1962, 165438+ A group of Brazilian musicians flocked to new york to attend the first North American Bossa Nova Music Festival held in Carnegie Hall. The concert proved to be a musical tragedy, but it left its mark on American music history after all.
People's enthusiasm for Bossa Nova has reached 1964. Many people predicted that Bossa Nova had declined, but Gates, Jopin and Gilberto proved those alarmists wrong. That year, one of their co-released albums, The Girl From Ipanema, was loved by a large number of fans, and became the Grammy Music Album of the Year Award, the Best Jazz Instrument/Individual/Band Award and the Best Non-classical Music Album Planning Award with 1965. Girl from Ipanema won the record of the year award. This is the first time that Jazz won the Grammy Award for Album of the Year, and it is also the only time that Bossa Nova won this honor. The producer of Jazz Samba is indeed a reliable leader in Brazilian music. He is verve and ah&; M made several records in Li Hong's Brazilian style. Among them are Gates, Jobin, Paul Desmond and others. Sergio Mendez, a pianist from Brazil, brings a new sexy music style that combines Bossa Nova and female voice. His "Brazil 66" composed several popular songs. 1967, Frank Sinatra finally co-recorded with Qiao Bin. This move undoubtedly officially set up a monument for Jobin and his followers.
However, in the 1970s, Bossa Nova's fate plummeted in the United States, which was accelerated by the overexposure of a limited number of Bossa Nova's excellent works and the decline of audience's interest in jazz without electroacoustic. At that time, the influence of Brazilian jazz shifted from the coast of Brazil to the inland. Percussionists like Airto Moreira began to introduce tropical instruments and complex folk rhythms into the music of Mils Davis, Weather Report and others, so there was the first version of Returntoforever and Airto himself. In Brazil, an electronic movement called tropicalism began. Led by Nascimento. There, mainly due to the influence of the United States, jazz gradually began to succumb to rock music. By the mid-1980s, a less commercial, but more lasting and concentrated Brazilian music style was rolled up again. Driven by the rapid development of world music, Brazilians who are deeply influenced by jazz, such as Jia Wan and Evans, have attracted the attention of the world. Qiao Bin also began to tour again. His position gradually rose to the level of Gershwin.