The Life and Death of Sue malagu
Because Summala was born beautiful and intelligent in ancient times, she was well-known by Baylor House in Horqin, and made her the personal maid of Benbutai (also translated as "Bumbutai"), the second daughter of Baylor Zasang. Miss Er was none other than the later famous Xiaozhuang Wen Queen. Ten years after Golden Destiny (1625), although Benbu is only 13 years old, she has grown up like a big girl, with bright eyes and white teeth, and is beautiful and moving. This year, Ben Butai, escorted by his brother Wu Keshan, traveled long distances to Shengjing, the capital of Houjin, and married Huang Taiji, the eighth son of the then 34-year-old Houjin Khan Nurhachi. As a personal maid, Summala menstruation also accompanied her master to Shengjing.
In the first year of Shunzhi (1644), when the Qing army entered the customs, Summala arrived in Beijing with Bentai, who had been honored as the empress dowager, and lived in the resplendent Forbidden City.
This girl from Mongolian grassland, since entering Baylor House, has rapidly broadened her horizons and improved her cultural quality. She not only speaks Mongolian well, but also quickly mastered Manchu and Chinese, especially her beautiful Manchu, which won the praise of the whole palace. As a result, she was ordered by sourdrang dowager as the first Manchu teacher of Emperor Kangxi in her childhood. During the Jiaqing period, Zhao wrote in his "Miscellanies of Xiao Ting": "When the emperor was young, Lai Qi (referring to ancient Summala) taught Di and wrote national books in calligraphy."
Aunt Su Spicy is clever and a master cutter. All the clothes she made fit and looked good, so she participated in the formulation of clothing styles in the Qing Dynasty. She grew up in Mongolian grassland, and of course she is good at riding horses. Every time I go outside the palace to do business for my host, Empress Xiaozhuang Wen, she rides a horse.
Aunt Su Ma and sourdrang queen have been together for more than 60 years. In fact, the relationship between them has already surpassed the general relationship between master and servant. Especially after the death of Huang taiji, Empress Xiaozhuangwen was just 365,438+0 years old. At the peak of her youth, she lived a widowed life. She needs a bosom friend to accompany her, and Summala Gu, a maid of similar age who was once single, is of course her best candidate. In public, they are masters and servants, but in private, they are sisters. Because of this, Summala menstruation's actual position in the palace is very high and respected. Sourdrang queen called her Gege, which was a special address for the daughter of the Qing royal family. The emperor shunzhi and her peer theory; Emperor Kangxi called her "Ernie" and "Russian mother", that is, mother; Emperor Kangxi called her grandmother. But Ma Su Lagu is very self-aware and always modest and prudent. She not only served sourdrang queen respectfully and carefully, but also worshipped Emperor Kangxi, who was 40 years younger than herself, and always called herself a slave before the emperor.
In the 26th year of Kangxi (1687), Empress Xiaozhuangwen died of illness. This gave Aunt Summala a great mental shock and plunged her into sadness, loneliness and boredom. At this time, Aunt Summala is over 70 years old. If this continues for a long time, it will be extremely detrimental to her physical and mental health. In order to relieve her sadness and loneliness, Emperor Kangxi decided to give twelve sons of Emperor Yin born to Princess Wanliuha (later Princess Ding) to his aunt Su Mala to raise. Yin was born in the 24th year of Kangxi, when he was only three years old. According to the practice of the Qing dynasty, only those who have more than one title in the imperial palace are eligible to be promoted to the crown prince. Let aunt Summala raise the prince, which shows that Emperor Kangxi trusts and attaches importance to aunt Summala. Aunt Su Spicy certainly got the message and was very grateful to Emperor Kangxi for this arrangement, but she also felt a great responsibility. In order to repay the kindness of the powerful emperor, she rallied and dedicated all her natural maternal love and energy to Yin. Ma Su Lagu has her own beliefs and lifestyle.
Aunt Su Mala's meticulous care and tireless words and deeds have made Prince Yin grow up healthily. Later, Yin became a prince with political mind and talent, and was ordered to handle various government affairs many times. In the fierce battle for the position in the last years of Kangxi, Yin rarely intervened and remained neutral. Therefore, after he acceded to the throne, he not only was not hit and excluded, but also became the county king. During the Qianlong period, Yin Jin was named Prince Heshuo, and was appointed as the Minister of Parliament. In the twenty-eighth year of Qianlong, Yin died at the age of 79. Among the 35 Wang Zizhong of Emperor Kangxi, he was the oldest. Yin can be honored as a vassal, participate in state affairs, and die at an early age, which is directly related to Summala Gu's careful training and guidance, so his affection for Summala Gu is obviously deeper than that of other vassals.
Aunt Summala has her own beliefs and lifestyle. She has never been married and has lived in the palace for more than sixty years, accompanying her master. After the death of Empress Xiaozhuangwen, she spent 18 spring and autumn in the palace. When Yin grew up, she no longer needed her support, so she was completely free and began to live a comfortable and quiet life. In his later years, Gulu in Summala formed an indissoluble bond with Buddhism, which may be influenced by Xiao Zhuang and Shunzhi's belief in Buddhism. However, Summala's belief in Buddhism in ancient times was obviously different from others. She is not completely out of pleasure and loneliness, nor is she praying for the Buddha to bless herself. On the contrary, she combined Buddhism with loyalty to the emperor and repaying his kindness. Chanting Buddha and scriptures is the main content of her later life. She often says from the bottom of her heart, "I would like to live a few more years and kowtow to my master to thank my slave." She also said that her life was "just praying for the Buddha" and that "the merciful Mongolian master just tried his best to pray for his son in front of the Buddha statue every day. May he live forever".
Life in Lagu, Ma Su has two different characteristics: First, you don't take a bath all the year round, only on the last day of the year, that is, New Year's Eve, you wash your body with a small amount of water and then drink the used dirty water; Second, don't take medicine for life, even if you are seriously ill. These two special habits in her life are clear even to an emperor who respects the Ninth Five-Year Plan. Why is this happening? People have different explanations, but none of them is convincing. But her health has been very good, and she lived to be over 90 years old, which is of course a rare longevity in the era of "seventy years old and rare".
Birth, old age, illness and death are irresistible natural laws. In the forty-fourth year of Kangxi (1705), on August 27th, Aunt Summala finally fell ill in bed, with abdominal pain and bloody stool, and did not think about diet. Two days later, the condition became more serious. At this time, Emperor Kangxi was patrolling the Great Wall. Aunt Summala was at a loss when she saw that her illness was getting worse and worse and the emperor was not in the palace. So she called Yin, the third son, the eighth son and the twelfth son of Emperor Kangxi, to the bed and said to them, "I am an old slave, but I serve in front of the Buddha. Long live the emperor. I have bloody stool today, and my abdominal pain is unbearable. You send an urgent report, the emperor treats me, and you give me this. " When the princes saw that their grandmother was so ill, they suggested calling a doctor for treatment at once, but Aunt Summala refused. She only trusts the emperor and thinks that only the emperor can cure her illness. The princes carried Summala menstruation on their backs, called the doctor, introduced her illness to them and asked their opinions. The doctor said that this is a disease of spleen deficiency and internal fire in the elderly, which is very dangerous if it is not treated strictly. At the same time, the ministers reported Summala's illness to the emperor's father, and at the same time, the head of the office of internal affairs began to prepare for the funeral.
In the forty-fourth year of Kangxi (170510124 October), Sumaramu's heart stopped beating, ending her colorful life at the age of 90. The people in the palace were very sad about Aunt Summala's death.
The people in the palace were very sad about Aunt Summala's death. On the day of the funeral, all the adult princes attended the funeral ceremony except the fifth son and the tenth son Yin (left "water" and right "me") who took care of the empress dowager and the fourteenth son Yin who stayed in the Forbidden City. After Sumatra's coffin stopped at the burial palace, all the ministers went home, but the twelfth Emperor Yin made a request, saying, "My aunt raised me since I was a child, but I failed to repay her. I am willing to stay for a few days, provide meals within a hundred days, and recite the scriptures in Sanqi. " Traditionally, there is no precedent for the funeral of Su Like malagu, the servant. The prince provides meals and Sanqi recites scriptures. I dare not agree to Yin's request without authorization, so I wrote down Yin's request and asked his father for instructions in "The Memorial of Summala's Ancient Death" on the ninth day of September. On the memorial, Emperor Kangxi approved: "Brother XII's words are right, so I will do as he asks." Yin lived in the mourning palace, held a wake for Aunt Summala, provided meals and recited scriptures, and other princes took turns to send one person to Yin as a companion every day.
Emperor Kangxi once instructed the prince that if anything happened to his grandmother, he would stay for seven days and then leave his clean body. The purpose is to go back to the palace to see my dear E Niang and bid farewell to her body. But later, he didn't return to the palace until 15, so he issued a decree again, asking the princes to keep aunt Summala's body for another seven days until he returned to the palace. This shows the intimate feelings between Emperor Kangxi and Aunt Summala.
In order to repay Summala Gu's contribution to the Qing Dynasty and the kindness of "teaching her credentials by hand and cultivating her son by her", and to support the prince, Emperor Kangxi decided to handle Summala Gu's funeral according to the ceremony. This is a great honor for Summala, who was born as a slave. Summala and Empress Xiaozhuang lived together for more than 60 years and spent extraordinary years. Of course, we should accompany each other after death. At that time, Zigong in Xiao Zhuang was parked in the temporary Anfengtang at the foot of Changrui Mountain in Zunhua, and Emperor Kangxi decided to park Summala's coffin here. Aunt Summala's coffin was moved into the temporary Anfengtang on October 13th, 44th year of Kangxi. Master and servant have been separated for 18 years. I believe that when they meet again in the underworld, I will definitely thank Emperor Kangxi for this thoughtful arrangement for them.
Emperor Kangxi failed to solve the problem of the tomb of his grandmother, Empress Xiaozhuang Wen, so the coffins of Xiao Zhuang and Aunt Summala have been parked in the temporary Anfeng Hall. After Yong Zhengdi acceded to the throne, he thought that after sourdrang queen died and the Holy Father was in office for a long time, the Great Qing Dynasty was prosperous, and the descendants were multiplied, indicating that the temporary Anfeng Hall was a treasure trove of geomantic omen, so he decided to rebuild it into the Zhaoxi Mausoleum. The reconstruction project broke ground on February 3rd in the third year of Yongzheng (1725) and was completed in November of the same year. 1February 10, Empress Xiaozhuangwen was officially buried in the underground palace of Zhaoxiling. Aunt Summala is neither a member of the royal family, nor a descendant of Aisinggioro, nor a concubine of the emperor. Because of her limited feng shui and fame, she can't be buried with her master. Yongzheng is only younger than the third son Yunzhi 1 year. Summala menstruation died at the age of 28. He knows and respects Aunt Summala very well, and once attended Aunt Summala's funeral with other princes. In order to take care of the close relationship between Summala Gulu and Xiao Zhuang, Yong Zhengdi decided to bury her near the Zhaoxi Mausoleum. According to Feng Shui officials, the cemetery was chosen outside the east wall of the southeast new town of Zhaoxiling, only 1.5 km away from Zhaoxiling.
The Sumara Wood Garden was started in February of the third year of Yongzheng and completed in July of the same year. Suma Lamu was buried in the garden on the seventh day of August. This garden faces south, and its main buildings face north to south: there is a treasure roof on the underground palace, three garden sleeping doors, three pavilions and three gates in front, surrounded by Zhu Yuan. The east-west value room and the east-west wing are built outside the door. Baoding is located on the longitudinal axis of the round bed.
The author has repeatedly investigated the garden beds in Gulu, Summala, and visited the elderly in Nanxincheng. According to the old people, in the 26th year of Guangxu (1900), Eight-Nation Alliance attacked Beijing, and Empress Dowager Cixi fled Beijing with Emperor Guangxu. The local people thought that the Great Qing Dynasty had been destroyed, so they jumped together and tore down the garden bed. Summala underground palace was stolen before the Japanese surrender, and it was open for a long time. An old man who once entered the underground palace recalled that the underground palace in Summala was so small that people couldn't stand up in it, and the four walls were made of bricks. The top of the underground palace is covered with huge flat slabs. The ground is also a flat slate with a bulge in the middle. The top is flat, with a flat-bottomed circular groove more than ten centimeters deep. Old people say that Gulu in Summala was cremated, saying that there was only one jar in the underground palace, and there was water in the jar when it was stolen. The underground palace in the east has never heard of being stolen. It provided important information for the tomb system in the early Qing Dynasty.
Today, the treasure dome of Gulu in Summala still exists, and many tourists come here to mourn and miss this extraordinary woman.