I. Basis for compilation
1, the tender documents of X contract section of Guiwu Expressway.
2. Relevant construction design drawings and technical disclosure of X contract section of Guiwu Expressway.
3. There are relevant safety documents issued by your company and supervision office.
4. Technical specification for highway engineering construction safety.
5. Technical specification for highway subgrade construction.
6, blasting safety regulations.
Second, the scope of preparation
Construction of high slope with the length of X contract section of Guiwu Expressway greater than 15m.
Third, the principle of preparation
1, the principle of safety first
In the preparation of safety scheme, the construction scheme is always determined according to the principles of reliable technology, effective measures, reasonable construction sequence arrangement and ensuring safety. Especially excavation, blasting,
Construction safety of prestressed anchorage and other important links.
2, adhere to the principles of norms and procedures.
Implement Technical Specification for Highway Subgrade Construction and Technical Specification for Highway Engineering Safety Construction. Implement the owner's requirements for various safety management methods, rules and regulations of this project.
Fourth, the security objectives
The project construction is carried out in full compliance with the requirements of safety construction regulations such as Technical Regulations for Highway Engineering Construction, Measures for Supervision and Management of Safety Production of Highway and Waterway Engineering (OrderNo. 1 2007 of Ministry of Communications).
1, put an end to work-related deaths.
2, no collapse, landslide accident.
3. The construction personnel will not hurt people by blasting flying stones and rolling stones.
4. Put an end to construction accidents such as road traffic interruption, pipeline, communication and power pipeline damage caused by construction.
Verb (abbreviation of verb) site organization setting
In view of the short construction time and heavy construction tasks of this bid section, our department set up a special safety production leading group headed by project manager Cao Heen to ensure the effective control of construction safety in each process. The project department and each ZuoYeDui signed the responsibility book of safety production target. The project production target responsibility book defines the safety production target, targeted safety guarantee measures, responsibilities of both parties and reward and punishment methods. Establish a safety production assessment system for all levels, departments and personnel of the project department, with written records and regular review. The construction site is equipped with full-time safety engineers who are responsible for the safety production management. Technicians, quality inspectors, team leaders and team leaders of the project department are part-time safety officers to assist safety engineers in safety production.
VI. Overview of High Slope Subgrade Engineering
There are four sections of high slope subgrade in this bid section, most of which are half-filled and half-dug subgrade. When excavating the slope, consider the soil conditions, lithology, occurrence, structural cracks, weathering degree and thickness, weak interlayer and groundwater of the slope. When the stability of the rocky slope is good, put the slope as far as possible to reduce excavation. The design adopts graded excavation and graded protection (reinforcement). According to geological conditions, the slope in this bid section is generally a rocky slope of 1: 0.5 to a soil slope of 1: 1.5.
The road sections with slope excavation height greater than 15m include: k174+500 ~ k174+600 right side high slope, phase I slope ratio 1: 1.25, and phase II slope ratio/kloc-0. The left side of K174+900 ~ K175+000 line is a five-step high slope, and the slope ratio is 1: 1.00 from top to bottom. For the high slope on the left side of the K177+360 ~ K177+500 line, the slope ratio from top to bottom is 1: 1.25, and all other levels are 1: 1.00. The maximum slope height is about 40m, and the slope protection is irrigated by planting grass. For the high slopes on both sides of k181+610 ~ k181+655, the slope ratio of the first grade is 1: 1.25, and the slopes of other levels are.
Engineering geological conditions: the subgrade section of this standard highway is hilly landform, and the slope is silty clay and silty clay with gravel, which is grayish yellow and plastic ~ hard plastic. The main geology includes ordinary soil, argillaceous siltstone, shale mixed with sandstone and limestone. The fully weathered layer is weathered into soil, the joints of the strongly weathered layer are developed, and the rock mass is broken into pieces; Moderately weathered limestone is bluish gray, with developed joints and fissures, calcite veins interspersed, hard rock and broken rock mass, which is secondary rock.
Seven, the main hazards and possible hazards in the construction
Main hazards of high slope construction: 1, explosion caused by blasting excavation;
2. Objects hit by falling rocks; 3. Artificial slope construction (stone clearing and slope protection construction),
Falling from the sky; 4. Mechanical damage caused by mechanical construction.
Harm that can be caused: it can cause serious harm to human body, even death; Will cause damage to the machine.
Not good, even scrapped.
Eight, construction safety technology
The excavation of the high slope in this bid section is basically a semi-filled and semi-excavated subgrade, and the overburden on the upper part of the excavation section is residual slope deposit and fully weathered layer, which is thick and easy to collapse after vegetation destruction. The design adopts multi-stage sloping, and sets up platforms, intercepting ditches, etc.
(1) excavation technical requirements
1, before excavation, we should do a good job of intercepting ditch at the top of the slope, especially in rainy season.
Smooth, and drainage does not harm the subgrade and the excavation section below.
2. Before excavation, the fill part shall be removed and rolled to meet the design requirements.
Conditions, it is convenient to use excavation to carry out on-site subgrade filling construction during excavation, and reduce the need to turn over the filling ring afterwards.
Festival.
3. Before blasting operation, a 50 cm high barrier should be set at the shoulder of subgrade filling at 0: 00.
Ballast wall, to prevent the rolling stones from injuring people and objects and threatening the structures below the subgrade.
4, blasting excavation, the use of small and medium-sized blasting, blasting hole blasting is generally used in the bid.
Work.
5. Before blasting operation, it is necessary to investigate the terrain and surrounding environment, determine the blasting scheme, determine the height of the steps, arrange the blast holes, calculate the charge, design and calculate the initiation network, etc. The flow of blasting construction stage: leveling the working face, setting out the hole position, drilling, hole position inspection, contract installation, stuffing, network connection, safety warning, orderly initiation, post-blasting inspection and demolition.
6, blasting section construction should be carried out step by step from top to bottom, it is forbidden to dig out the root method or
The construction of digging the slope into the reverse slope will produce landslide and cause danger.
7. After each blasting, it is necessary to manually clean the loose surrounding rock on the slope.
(2) Safety points of high slope excavation
1, high and steep slope construction must comply with the following provisions:
1) Operators on slopes must wear safety belts;
2) In case of groundwater gushing during slope excavation, drainage should be carried out before excavation;
3) The excavation operation should be staggered with the loading operation surface, and it is forbidden to work in pairs.
4) Warning signs shall be set in the dangerous range of roads and rolling stones below the spoil ground. During operation,
No traffic under the slope;
5) The operator on the slope must remove the loose soil and stones in time, and it is forbidden to take risks.
Machines and tools for working, resting and storing under stones.
2. During the construction, if there are signs of sliding and collapse in the mountain that endanger the construction safety, the work shall be suspended temporarily.
Stop construction, evacuate personnel and machinery, and report to the superior for handling.
3. During rockfall and rock pile construction, dangerous stones must be cleared before construction, and interception facilities shall be set up.
Dig. The excavation surface shall be sloped according to the design, and loose stones on the slope surface shall be removed while digging. Before large machinery enters the site, it is necessary to find out whether the clear width and bearing capacity of the roads and bridges it passes through are sufficient, otherwise, it is necessary to widen and strengthen them first.
4, machinery in a dangerous area, must set up obvious safety warning signs, and should be
Designated personnel should stand in the place where the operator can see clearly and command. Pilots can only accept designated signals from commanders.
5, the construction of unstable soil, collapse, water level surge, flash floods or in
When you hear the blasting signal in the blasting warning area, you should immediately stop working and evacuate the man-machine to a safe place. while
When there is traffic jam on the construction site, cars (machinery) are stuck on the ground, roads where machinery is running slip, protective facilities are damaged or invalid, or the working face is not enough to ensure safe operation, the construction should also be suspended, and the construction can not continue until it returns to normal.
6, all kinds of construction machinery and equipment drivers must pass the job training exam.
Certificate, abide by the operating rules of this machine and drive correctly.
(3) Safety points of blasting operation
1, rock blasting operation, and management, processing, transportation, inspection and blasting equipment.
Destruction and other work should be carried out in accordance with the current national blasting safety regulations (GB6722-2003).
2. When selecting the emplacement, the hole should avoid suitable wires, intersections and structures.
3. When drilling, pumice and dangerous stones on the slope should be removed. Tools for drilling holes and
The machine should be inspected in detail to ensure that it is in good condition. The high-pressure air compressor must be started under no-load condition. strict
It is forbidden to punch holes in residual eyes.
4, strict management of blasting equipment, must implement the specialist is responsible for, the rest of the blasting materials to
It must be returned to the library on the same day, and it is strictly forbidden to collect it without permission. Found that blasting equipment was lost or stolen.
Report immediately and wait for processing.
5. Determine the quantity of detonators and explosives required for an excavation section during the construction within 1h before blasting.
The blaster team applies, the team leader signs it, and reports it to the deputy manager in charge of safety and construction site of the project department.
After the approval of the police chief and the security minister, the equipment department made a list, followed by the blasters and security officers.
When a member goes to the warehouse to get it, the warehouse administrator can issue it and make corresponding outbound registration.
The transportation of blasting equipment should avoid crowded areas and be sent directly to the construction site without stopping halfway.
Stay overnight, and may not be stored anywhere or brought into the dormitory.
7, half an hour after blasting, the rest of the blasting equipment must be put back in stock, it is strictly prohibited to misuse.
On-site or temporary storage.
8. Dumpers, dumpers, trailers, tractors, motor tricycles and people are strictly prohibited.
Electric tricycles, bicycles, motorcycles and belt conveyors transport blasting equipment.
9, homework personnel in the process of storage, processing and transportation, it is forbidden to wear chemical fiber clothes.
10 according to the surrounding environment of this bid section, small-scale blasting, installation and hoisting are carried out with electric detonators.
Blasting work shall comply with the following provisions:
1) Boreholes shall be inspected and cleaned before charging; Newly made holes should be cooled before charging, and wet holes should be dried before charging;
2) Fireworks and open flame lighting are strictly prohibited; Irrelevant personnel should be evacuated from the site;
3) Use wooden gun sticks for charging, and it is forbidden to use metal appliances for charging; The deep hole charge is blocked.
When plugging, before loading detonators and primary explosive columns, long rods of copper and wood can be used for treatment;
4) It is forbidden to throw or hit the installed explosives (columns) and nitroglycerin explosives;
5) Stuffing blasting shall not be used, and holes shall not be stuffed with stones and combustible materials;
It is not allowed to tamp the filling materials that are in direct contact with the explosives or impact the explosives with the filling materials, and it is not allowed to directly fill the explosives with wooden wedges after the explosives are loaded into deep holes; The blasting network shall not be damaged when filling holes.
6) In the same blasting network, the electric detonator of the same manufacturer and model must be used, and its resistance value is
The difference shall not exceed the specified value (should be controlled within 0.2 ω);
7) The main line of blasting network should be well insulated, and the connection of blasting network must be carried out after all blast holes are filled and irrelevant personnel are evacuated to a safe place; Connect from the working face to the initiation station in turn. The two lines of contacts are staggered 10cm, and the contacts must be firm and well insulated.
8) During the whole blasting operation, the keys of the initiation switch box and the initiator must be kept strictly by the person in charge of the blasting operation and shall not be handed over to others;
9) After the explosive is installed, all power supplies of the working face must be cut off; Not used in thunderstorm season.
Electric initiation method. It is forbidden to shoot at night, in fog, heavy rain, strong wind and thunder.
10) charging holes must be blasted on duty, and the number of charging holes should be blasted at one time.
The workload is limited.
1 1) The blasting work must be directed by a special person. The boundaries of the identified hazardous areas shall be clearly marked.
Alert personnel must be assigned around the alert area. People and livestock in the warning area must be evacuated and given medical treatment.
Put away the machines and tools.
12) After the blasting is completed, the blaster shall inspect the blasting site, if there is no misfire.
Conditions, construction personnel can enter the site.
13) We must first find out the reason and stop the work nearby for research.
Investigate reliable treatment measures. Generally speaking, retype in the same direction at a distance of 60 cm.
Eye, installation and detonation.
14) If the blasting has an impact on nearby buildings or facilities, it is necessary to add a slungshot interception screen.
Barriers.
(4) Key points of safety construction of high slope protection project
1, slope protection work, must build solid scaffolding, used for foundation and foot.
Materials, fasteners or connectors should be carefully checked before use.
2. Tools used for manually handling stones and handling materials such as mortar and concrete must be firm.
Reliable, such as rope, basket, bucket, etc.
3, beam construction must be carried out from bottom to top, lifting springboard should be strong, and set up anti-skid strip.
4, anchoring or pointing must be carried out from top to bottom. It is strictly prohibited to carry out construction on the slope.
When walking, set a ladder when going up and down.
5, anchor hole construction drilling rig construction platform should be stress check.
6, slope protection engineering construction should take necessary safety protection measures, such as hanging safety.
Protect the interception network, and it is forbidden to cross up and down during construction.
Nine, high slope construction safety measures
1, safety measures for construction machinery and equipment
The layout of mechanical and electrical equipment should be reasonable and safety protection devices should be installed. Operators should strictly abide by the safety operation rules and conduct a comprehensive safety inspection of the equipment before operation. It is forbidden to run mechanical equipment with faults. Bulldozers, loaders and excavators should be commanded and guided by designated personnel to prevent personal injury. Construction machinery and electrical equipment shall be regularly inspected, maintained, tested and routinely inspected as required. Those who do not meet the requirements are strictly forbidden to enter.
2, falling, objects against safety measures
High slope operation is mainly applicable to the fall of construction personnel and the impact of dangerous stones on the slope on construction personnel. Therefore, the slope construction personnel must wear personal safety protection articles in the construction process, and the construction personnel with small activities must fasten the safety rope; For people who transport materials up and down, safety nets should also be hung on the transportation channels for protection. All personnel entering the construction site must wear safety helmets according to regulations, abide by rules and obey orders; Strengthen safety work and prohibit other personnel from entering the construction site. Dangerous rocks and loose rocks on the slope should be removed in time by special personnel and commanded by special personnel. Demolition personnel must wear safety ropes, stand in a safe and stable position, and clean with a crowbar.
3. Set up safety signs at the construction site.
Dangerous cliffs, steep slopes and dangerous stones on the construction site should have protective facilities or danger warning signs (including safety warning signs and safety signs, etc.). ). Mechanical equipment shall be provided with warning signs in hidden danger areas such as turns, steep slopes and narrow roads.
4, blasting equipment safety management
In the process of transportation, use and storage of blasting equipment, the regulations on initiating explosive devices should be strictly implemented.
According to the safety management regulations, the explosives and detonators warehouse should be located far away from residential areas, except as required.
Outside, should also arrange special guards, and sign a safety responsibility contract. Blasting operations must be blasted.
When blasting is carried out, the blaster is responsible for the safety management of civil explosives before use.
5. Strictly implement the safety inspection system.
Daily and regular safety inspection system must be implemented. The full-time safety officer of the project department insists on daily safety patrol inspection, educates and punishes those who violate various safety regulations, conducts safety hazard investigation, and orders the construction team to make rectification when problems are found. Organize regular safety inspection, guide and urge the construction team to do a good job in safety management.
6. Technical training for special skilled workers
Construction of special technical personnel, in accordance with the "special operations personnel safety technology assessment management".
The special operations specified in the example include: electrician operations, blasting operations, transport vehicles, excavators, loaders, bulldozers, etc. Before taking up the post, you must receive professional training and pass the examination before you can operate, and hold relevant certificates. It is forbidden for non-drivers to drive or operate machinery to prevent crashes or rollover accidents.
7. Pre-job safety education
Carry out targeted safety education for safety officers of all types of work before taking up their posts, correctly understand the dialectical relationship between production and safety, and conscientiously implement the safety production policy; New workers must be educated in the basic knowledge of safety production, and safety operation training should be carried out in the engineering construction that is prone to accidents. Only after checking and confirming that you have mastered the technical essentials of safe operation can you work independently.
Safety measures for high slope excavation
1, earthwork excavation should be carried out in strict accordance with the top-down procedure, first remove dangerous stones and landslides, and then excavation. It is strictly forbidden to dig the slope into the reverse slope.
2. The excavation of landslide area should be carried out in layers from both sides to the middle and from top to bottom. It is forbidden to dig all trenches, and spoil shall not be piled up in the main sliding area. In the process of construction, there should be special personnel to observe and prevent landslides.
3. When digging near the edge of other buildings or poles, cables, wires, feng shui pipes, etc. , should formulate specific safety protection measures according to the actual situation, and assign special personnel to monitor and guide the operation at the scene.
4. Bad geological structures such as faults, cracks and fracture zones on the slope should be treated in time to avoid forming high slopes before treatment.
5. In addition to strictly implementing blasting safety regulations, excavation blasting operation must also organize blasting tests, select reasonable blasting parameters, continuously optimize blasting design, and prevent blasting from damaging slope rock mass and surrounding buildings.
6, after each blasting must check the blasting effect, eliminate unsafe hidden dangers. When tube explosion is found, it must be handled in accordance with relevant procedures and requirements. A comprehensive inspection of the excavated tunnel face reveals that there are loose stones scattered on the slope, and unstable stones on the roadside should be removed in time. In case of unstable and dangerous rock mass, it is necessary to report to the site supervision engineer in time for technical treatment.
7, blasting operations need to show certificates. When blasting, a special person shall be appointed to take charge, and blasting can only be carried out after the personnel and equipment are evacuated to a safe place.
8, high slope in the implementation of step excavation, should set up a construction platform or. Protective measures such as slag wall.
9, to strictly according to the design of slope slope construction, slope cutting must be carried out with the progress, it is strictly prohibited to form a large elevation difference after cutting slope construction method.
10, slope cutting and dangerous stone excavation personnel must master the safe construction methods. It is forbidden to stand under the falling rocks that are easy to slide and dig, and it is forbidden to dig up and down on the same section at the same time. Excavation should be carried out during the day.
1 1. Personnel and machinery are strictly prohibited from entering below the excavation face. In addition to obvious safety warnings, special personnel should also be assigned for on-site monitoring.
12. With the excavation of high slope, slope drainage system must be formed to prevent the destruction of construction water, rainwater and groundwater, resulting in slope instability. Do a good job in excavation and protection. It is forbidden to dig the third layer before protecting the first layer.
13, high slopes around the excavation site, dangerous parts of the working face, intersections of slag and caves, ground fissures, geological exploration caves, etc. , should take corresponding safety measures, set up safety signs and necessary safety protection measures. If it is necessary to set up a security post, make sure that the duty is in place.
14. When entering the construction site, it is necessary to provide safe passage for the construction personnel. Handrails and anti-skid measures shall be provided for the upper and lower ladders, and a rest platform shall be provided in the middle of the higher ladder. Illegal climbing is prohibited.
15. During the construction period, the slope stability should be closely monitored. If you find any abnormal changes, you should report them immediately. Weathered dangerous stones should be removed in time.
16. The width, slope and turning radius of the temporary motor road entering the working face shall meet the specification requirements. If there is any damage during construction, it should be repaired in time to ensure the safety of machinery and transport vehicles.
17, when building machine lanes on steep slopes, we must ensure the safety of the machinery itself. If the working level of construction machinery is not up to standard, it must be repaired manually first, and mechanical operation shall not be forced.
18, it is forbidden to rest on dangerous slopes and cliffs. It is forbidden to build temporary facilities and houses under high slopes.