bridge
Bridges are practical passages that cross rivers, mountains, straits, lakes and swamps or traffic lines (roads, railways and canals) and leave space under them, and are also the general names of structures that support this passage. Bridge is not only a masterpiece of human wisdom in conquering, developing and utilizing nature, but also a symbol of culture and a portrayal of human development and scientific and technological progress. From the completion of the first cast iron bridge (1779) to today, bridge construction in the modern world has a history of 227 years.
2 Bridge classification
According to the purpose, it can be divided into highway bridges, railway bridges, aqueducts and pipeline bridges.
According to the classification of materials used, it can be divided into wooden bridges; Wuqiao is mainly made of stone and brick; The concrete bridge adopts reinforced concrete, prestressed concrete and steel reinforced concrete; Steel bridge with steel as the main material; Light alloy bridge with high strength aluminum alloy as main material.
According to the supporting conditions, it can be divided into simply supported bridge, cantilever beam bridge, suspension bridge, cable-stayed bridge and pontoon bridge supported by pontoon.
According to the classification of bridge activity, it can be divided into fixed bridge and movable bridge (lifting bridge and rotating bridge).
World famous bridge Because I have only a little knowledge, I will briefly introduce world famous bridge according to the country where the bridge is located.
3. 1 China
Zhao Zhouqiao, Nanjing Yangtze River Bridge, Shanghai Yangpu Bridge, Jiujiang Yangtze River Bridge, Humen Bridge and Hong Kong Tsing Ma Bridge.
3.2 USA
Brooklyn Suspension Bridge, Golden Gate Bridge, Seattle Pingxuan Bridge, Chesapeake-Delaware Canal Bridge.
3.3 Japan
Kobe Bridge, Xiajinjing Seto Bridge of Hong Kong Bridge, Akashi Strait Bridge.
3.4 Britain
Tower Bridge, Severn Bridge, Humber Bridge.
3.5 Canada
Quebec Bridge, Deanckes Bridge, Northumberland Strait Bridge.
3.6 Germany
Main River Bridge in Nantenbach and Wude River Expressway Bridge in Frankfurt.
3.7 Famous Bridges in Other Countries
Normandy Bridge in France, Eagle Bridge in Sweden, Bosphorus Bridge in Turkey, Sydney Harbour Bridge in Australia and long-span single-tower cable-stayed bridge in Nepal.
Two-part allegorical saying about bridge
Crossing the wooden bridge in the middle of the night-be careful step by step
Bai Niang suddenly broke the bridge-reminiscing about old feelings
Crossing the wooden bridge with your daughter-in-law on your back-surprise
Stupid donkey crossing the bridge-step by step is difficult
Walking on stilts and crossing a wooden bridge-an artist's boldness.
Step on the golden bridge on the silver bridge-it's getting brighter and brighter.
Cao Cao's 800,000 troops crossed the single-plank bridge-endless.
When the ship comes to the bridge, it must be smooth.
The lamp grass takes the pontoon bridge-it can't go.
Crossing the wooden bridge against the wind-adventure
Single-plank bridge-sadness
Step on the wooden bridge-don't turn.
Sing a monkey show on the wooden bridge-don't die; Work hard
Nail a board on a wooden bridge-deliberately let people pass.
Walking on a single-plank bridge-adventure
Sleep on a wooden bridge-you can't turn over.
Camels on a single-plank bridge-adventure
Short board bridging-no; useless
Short wooden bridge-it is difficult to reach the shore.
Cross the river with the bridge railing-for fear of falling in.
Cross the river with the railing-for fear of falling into the water.
Help the drunk cross the broken bridge-shake it up and down.
The new daughter-in-law who just got off the bridge-looks ugly and likes to watch it.
Meet the magpie bridge-once a year
Kick down the bridge-no way back
The zigzag bridge on the lake is covered with domes.
Matchbridge-sadness
Myopia over the wooden bridge-I can't let it go
Walking on the zigzag bridge-make a detour
Dead wood bridge-intentional injury
The mangy dog on the bridge-fraud and deception
Bad bridge connection.-anyway.
Bad bridge connection-useless; difficult
Rotten column tower bridge-unreliable
The old lady is walking on a wooden bridge-sad
Stone lions on Lugou Bridge-countless
Bridge hemp pole-it's hard to get out of the way.
Bridging with hemp stalks-sad; irresponsibility
Charcoal bridge-sadness
Ride a wooden bridge-it's hard to turn back.
Ride on the wooden bridge-you can't go back.
Petunia crossing the wooden bridge-sadness
Penny is walking on a paper bridge-she can't get through it.
Take a lame donkey to the hole-a cone can't poke.
Gai Lou on the top of the bridge-up and down.
Put a pole in the bridge opening-you can't afford it.
Horse racing on the bridge-desperate.
Three people crossed the single-plank bridge-first, then.
Song Taizu Chen Qiao mutiny-take its place.
Build bridges in fields, not roads.
Tie Guai Li takes the wooden bridge-that's enough; take a risk
The blind man crossed the wooden bridge-he went the wrong way.
Xiang Qian Bridge-Sadness
There is no bridge over the river, so make do with it.
A woman with little feet staggered across the wooden bridge.
Dead wood bridge-intentional injury
Dead wood bridge-sadness
Bridging with bamboo poles-sadness
The drunk crossed the iron chain bridge-rocking up and down.
This pole is enclosed in the eye of the bridge and cannot be lifted.
Chopsticks bridge-the road is not wide
The dragon king on the rotten bridge is not a good thing.
Walk along the river without a bridge.
A bridge is a bridge, and a road is a road-loud and clear.
Stick a pole in the bridge opening-can't afford it.
Morning glory blows into a trumpet-playing with a lame donkey on the bridge-cone stick.
Bridge of the sky-I don't think it's possible.
Zhang Fei's Breaking the Bridge —— Courage without Strategy
Idioms about bridges
1. Repair bridges and roads
Idiom pronunciation: Xiqiao bǔ lù
Idiom definition: building bridges and roads. The old metaphor is enthusiastic about public welfare and donating money to do good.
The origin of the idiom: Yuan Yiming's "Watching the Money Slave" is the first fold: "My family should also give alms to monks, build temples and towers, build bridges and roads, cherish loneliness and care for the poor."
Naming:
Sugar Bridge-It is said that Ji Fang Bridge in Sanguan (now Guangming) Town was originally a bamboo bridge, which is very dangerous for pedestrians. One day, a sugar changer passed by and said, "This bridge is so neglected? If I have money, I will build a new one. " Once, the sugar changer changed a pair of gold amitabha Buddha in a ruined official, and made a fortune from then on. So he raised first-class stones, hired skilled craftsmen, demolished the bamboo bridge, and built a three-hole stone arch bridge named Ji Fang Bridge. In memory of him, the locals called him "Sugar Bridge".
Qinqin Bridge-Hundreds of meters north of nanqiao town, there is a small stone bridge called Qinqin Bridge. According to legend, a long time ago, an official named Qian gave birth to three daughters. The youngest daughter played the piano very well. There is a young man nearby named Han Zhong, who is also a master of playing the piano. After a long time, the two fell in love, and Master Qian refused. The daughter had to persuade Han to go back to Beijing to practice the piano and win fame, and the father agreed to their marriage. Han left in tears. But money forced her daughter to marry a powerful man, and her daughter missed Han Zhong and died with a grudge. Soon after, Han Zhong came back and learned that his lover was dead, so he sat on a small stone bridge and played a sad song to show his memory. Play, throw yourself into the river.
Emperor Qianlong saw Gao Qiao —— There was a stone arch bridge in Gao Qiao Town, Fengcheng, which was built in the sixth year of Yongle in the Ming Dynasty. Legend has it that a local squire went out and was asked where he came from. He said Gao Qiao. The man asked how tall Gao Qiao was. He boasted: "On the first day, half the moon banged." The story spread to Emperor Qianlong and aroused his interest. He wanted to visit Gao Qiao in the south of the Yangtze River. The ship entered Huangpu River from Dianshan Lake and sailed straight to Fengxian, passing through Shengli Port. Gan Long asked, "Here and where?" The waiter replied, "This is Victory Harbor." When Qianlong heard the word "victory", he was delighted and ordered to return to the DPRK. Gan Long returned to Gao Qiao squire halfway in Coke, so he was glad to avoid a fatal disaster to cheat the king.
Mahjong Bridge-During the Daoguang period of Qing Dynasty, a bridge named Mahjong Bridge was built on Huajing River. There was no bridge here before, so it was inconvenient for pedestrians. There is an old man named Zhou who hates folk gambling very much. He gathered 10 people of insight, surrounded all casinos, caught gamblers, confiscated financial bets and destroyed financial instruments. Confiscated gambling proceeds were used to build the bridge. It's ruined now.
Broken Bridge-At the beginning of liberation, there was a small bridge village in Zhuanghang. I don't know when it was, but it was regarded as a treasure trove by Mr. Feng Shui. One day, two Feng Shui gentlemen came to Xiaoqiao Village with compasses, and both of them wanted to set a "context". I saw the village chief singing loudly, the red flag flying, and the farmers ploughing in the spring. Seeing this, the two Feng Shui gentlemen shook their heads and sighed, "Feng Shui is lifeless, so we can't lie any more." After that, he threw his compass on the bridge and debris flew everywhere. Since then, this small bridge has been called "Broken Banqiao".
Jade Crab Bridge-Xinya Village, Jintouqiao Township, with three north-south stone bridges at the top, hence the name Stone Crab Bridge. According to legend, there is a stone crab carved on the west side of the original bridge deck. People often mistakenly think that the real crab is on the bridge, hence the name. One day, treasure hunters in Jiangxi discovered that the stone crab was stolen on a snowy night, leaving only a crab-shaped concave on the bridge deck. People thought that it was not the ordinary stone crab that was stolen, but the jade crab. Thus, Jade Crab Bridge became famous.
Poetry: the bridge shape attracts the Han, and the peak potential meets the cloud danger. (Jingdi) Li Shimin
The Weishui Long Bridge will pass today, and the green trees will gradually see Xinfeng trees. (Xinqinchuan Road) Li Longji
Walking on the sticky moss, the Dragon Bridge is slippery and the sky is closed. The Xu Family in Xuanduguan
Camp toward the east gate and go to Yangqiao River at dusk. (Blow the lyrics and leave the fortress, second) Du Fu.
The spring building is not locked, and the green water turns to the bridge. (Xianghe lyrics Jiangnan song) Han Yi
My concubine lives in Luoqiaotou, twenty-eight years old. (Xianghege porcelain incense is popular) Cui Hao
Yicheng wine is full of ripe flowers, and green ducks sing titles in Shaqing. (Lin Huan, the second minister of Xianghe Pavilion) Wen Tingjun
The willows on the bridge are green and the roses are red. (Dance music, Qu Zheci) Wen
Worried about her husband's overseas trip every night, she abandoned her concubine Wei Qiaoxi every year. (Miscellaneous songs are unlucky for me) Liu Yuanshu
Tomorrow on the Long Bridge, the whole city will be watching Che jiaozi. (Zaqu Song, Brave Man Travel) Liu Yuxi
There are willows in the east and west of the bridge, and people come to sing. (Zaqu Geci Zhi Zhu) Liu Yuxi
A young woman by Yangzhou Bridge is a businessman in the city. I haven't heard from you for three years, and I worship ghosts and pray for God. (Zaqu Geji, one of the three stops in Jiangnan) Wang Jian
Willow trees in Jinguyuan have been dancing in spring. That's a good point. You can go to Luoyang Bridge alone. (Zaqu songs and songs)
Drive across the Weihe Bridge and watch the soldiers watch Liu Tun. (Western Han Fu)
Wan Li Ping, the Imperial Road Pontoon Bridge, is the ninth heavy city of the Han family. (Question) Yang Shidao
Take the star to open the crane, take the moon Hongqiao. Yu Shinan (under the scene of Yudun in Heyuan)
Qiao Heng Road in the north and Weihe River in the west. (Elegy of Empress Wende) Photo by Zhu Zi
On the sunset river bridge, I whip the sunset glow. Chen Ziliang
Rainy night in Hongqiao, phoenix falling, spring in Taiwan Province. (Andeshan Pool Banquet Collection) Shangguan Yi
You are a gentleman in the world, and you will send Luo. (the second half of history) Lu
Once we get to Xianqiao Road, we still hope that Jincheng will be far away. (Farewell to Beijing) Lu
Hongqiao divides the water, and the mirror stone attracts the light. (An De Shan Chi Yan Ji) Li Bai Yao
The magpie bridge swings out, and the dragon car flies outside the clouds. (and the eldest grandson secret supervisor Tanabata) Ren Xigu
Create the Star Bridge tomorrow, and start the fairy list at this time. (Princess Anle moves into a new house and waits for a banquet) Zong Chuke
Luo Qiao is deep in the room, but his son is absent-minded. (Go to Songshan to find Du Si, and then go back to the injured site to wash the horse ... for Du Hou Du Si) Song Wenzhi
The bridge is cold and the geese fall, and Lin Shubi flies. (Send Zhao Sima) Song Wenzhi
Stay on Tiantai Road and look at the extra stone bridge. (Lingyin Temple) Song Wenzhi
Springs ring behind the stream, and Hong Ying shines on the front bridge. (Shangsifu Jiang Yanyun Deyaozi) Wang Bo
Smoke cages and green pavilions, flowing words and swinging bridges. (In spring, the banquet is held in Furong Garden) Li Qiao
When the road becomes dangerous, the bridge will dock. (Crossing Princess Pool of Yiyang Mountain with Wei Chengqing) Du
The countryside is new, but the river bridge is not old. On a bad day, the peak sinks and the clouds turn with the cover. (Feeling) Dong Sigong
Prevent mountain exclusion and flatten the long bridge. (Putin welcomes the driver) Song Jing
Silver flowers shine like bright lanterns on the tree. On this night, the bridge leading to bright stars opens. The crowd is surging and the dust is flying under the horseshoe; Moonlight shines in every corner, where people can see the moon overhead. Su Weidao (the fifteenth night of the first month)
Stay on Maxi Bridge and go back to Nanmotou. From then on, the old friend separated, and the moon sat idle. (Leave Du and take a trip to the old road) Cui Rong
Draw a bridge and fly water, and the fairy pavilion is empty. (Banquet for Princess Dongzhuang of Changning) Liu Xian
It's cold in spring tonight, and there are many beauties on the river bridge. BMW gold as winding, fragrant car jade as wheel. (Xiao Yu's Style in the Late Yuan Dynasty) Chen Yanjia
Have you noticed that Tianjin Bridge flows eastward and the Longmen faces the southern city? Su Xiang (Sauvignon Blanc)
There are eight clouds and seven stars in the shape of a bridge. (past) Luo
Watch the sun and divide the soil evenly, and the star bridge is at Shumen. Don't say goodbye to the peach blossom, and the bamboo leaves will fall off. (Send Wuqi to Shu) King Robin
The sound of dangerous springs is a sign of rain, and Pingchuan Bridge is like a sunny rainbow. (You Lishan) Zhang Changzong
Looking back at Wei Qiaodong, I feel the same way in spring. Green silk charming sunset, spring breeze. (Cai Sang) Liu Xiyi
The crane dances a thousand-year-old tree, and the rainbow flies a hundred feet bridge. I also have doubts about red pine nuts, and Tianlu invited me. (Going to Jinhua Taoist Temple in Spring) Chen Ziang
Green Pearl Song List, Hongqiao Dance Flag. (Tomb-Sweeping Day, banquet with flying words at Ningwangshanchi) Zhang Yue.
When you meet a saint, you know your luck, and you are grateful for it. Luo Qiao will get drunk. Zhang Shuo (Four Banquets)
A high bridge appeared on the clouds and asked the fishing boats in the rocks. Peach blossoms follow the water all day long, and the mouth of the peach garden is by the stream? (Taohuaxi) Zhang Xu
At first, the rock belly passed by, while the stream lip extended outward. The bridge was tied up by vines because of the fallen tree frame. (Swallow Temple Zen Master) Wang Wei
Guanqiao drinker, a holy place for girls in Sam. After seeing the bright moon, listen to the rules. (Send Yang Changshi to Zhou Guo) Wang Wei
The water town is in the city, and the mountain bridge is tree-lined. Climb 10,000 wells and get out, overlooking two lumens. (Xiaoxing Baxia) Wang Wei
My book sword is falling, and I am detained near the south. My home is far away, and my home is hard to collect. My home is under the wild geese in the north wind, and it blows south but not north. The oranges in Wutan are ripe and I want to send some home, but no one takes them to Luoyang. (Jiangnan Tourism) Zuyong
Tuer was born and raised in those days, and he scribbled lyrics. An Ling Bridge is an old friend who fights wine, and Luoyang Huangniao Spring Breeze. (Singing in reply to my brother Mo Qing) Li Wei.
Idiom: build bridges and roads. Kick down the bridge. Cross the bridge and draw a board. Long bridge lying wave. Bridge to bridge, road to road.
Type: It can be divided into highway bridge, railway bridge, aqueduct and pipeline bridge according to the purpose.
According to the classification of materials used, it can be divided into wooden bridges; Wuqiao is mainly made of stone and brick; The concrete bridge adopts reinforced concrete, prestressed concrete and steel reinforced concrete; Steel bridge with steel as the main material; Light alloy bridge with high strength aluminum alloy as main material.
According to the supporting conditions, it can be divided into simply supported bridge, cantilever beam bridge, suspension bridge, cable-stayed bridge and pontoon bridge supported by pontoon.
According to the classification of bridge activity, it can be divided into fixed bridge and movable bridge (lifting bridge and rotating bridge).