Oh my god, the question you asked... is too difficult to answer. There are too few historical records about Europe 12-14...
1. The emergence of capitalism in Europe Around the 14th and 15th centuries, due to the blockade of the ancient Silk Road by the Ottomans and other countries, European countries vigorously developed maritime trade and vigorously promoted foreign plunder.
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p>At that time, the European continent was mainly composed of two major countries: the Frankish Kingdom and the Holy Roman Empire (the predecessor of Germany, the First Empire). At that time, the only country in the European continent that could really be called the emperor was the Holy Roman Empire, the Holy Roman Empire. The Roman Empire was divided into hundreds of small principalities. Although the kings of these principalities recognized the existence of the Holy Roman Emperor, most of the emperors had no actual rights of their own. Many emperors were elected by princes!
The emperor can only be regarded as a title!! And it must be crowned by the Pope!! Other kingdoms do not have this right, so naturally they cannot be called emperors! (Similarly, Napoleon must also be crowned emperor of France by After the Pope’s coronation, Britain can still only say that its monarch is Queen Elizabeth, not the Queen)
From the twelfth to the fifteenth century, there were so many emperors in the Holy Roman Empire Dynasty:
Franconian Dynasty 1027-1133 (the emperor of this dynasty has actual power)
Suplinburg Family 1133-1155
Huo Henstaufen dynasty 1155-1209 1220-1312
Welf dynasty 1209-1220 (a branch of the family became the British royal family Hanoverian dynasty)
Luxembourg dynasty 1312-1328 1355- 1452
Wittelsbach dynasty 1328-1355
Habsburg dynasty 1452-1806 (there were several interruptions in the middle. Later, after the demise of the Holy Roman Empire, the family became the Austrian Imperial Emperor, Emperor of the Austro-Hungarian Empire, one branch of which was also the King of Spain)
There seems to be no female emperor, among which I know: The Hohenstaufen dynasty perished due to internal and external troubles, others Several dynasties withdrew from the stage of history due to succession issues, feudal issues, or lack of support from a principality (but this does not mean they were destroyed)