Selected in 1987, including Shanhaiguan section of Hebei Province.
Evaluation of UNESCO World Heritage Committee;
Around 220 BC, Qin Shihuang, who dominated the world, connected some intermittent fortifications built earlier into a complete defense system to resist aggression from the north. In the Ming Dynasty (A.D. 1368- 1644), construction continued, making the Great Wall the longest military facility in the world. Its cultural and artistic value is equal to its historical and strategic importance.
Since ancient times, Hebei has been an important area for building the Great Wall. There are two Great Walls running through the mountains in northern Hebei and western Hebei: one runs from the old man in Shanhaiguan on the Bohai Sea to the Great Wall in Shanxi via Qinhuangdao, Tangshan, Chengde, Tianjin, Beijing and Zhangjiakou, and runs across northern Hebei; The other runs from north to south, starting from Mutianyu, Beijing, passing through Beijing, Zhangjiakou, Baoding, Shijiazhuang and Xingtai to Handan, and runs through Xishan District, Hebei Province. The Great Wall built in Hebei during the Warring States and Jin Dynasties totaled more than 3,000 kilometers, and now the landmark remains 1.200 kilometers.
Hebei Great Wall includes:
1, old faucet
Laolongtou, a national 5A-level scenic spot, is located on the coast of Bohai Sea, 4 kilometers south of Shanhaiguan, Hebei Province, and is the eastern starting point of the Ming Great Wall. The terrain of the old dragon head is high and steep, and there is a "Shicheng into the sea" built by Qi Jiguang, the main commander of Jizhen Town in the Ming Dynasty. Entering Shicheng into the sea is like a dragon head diving into the sea, making waves, hence the name "Old Dragon Head". With a total area of 700 mu, Laolongtou Scenic Area consists of seven parts: Shicheng, Haishen Temple, Jinglutai, South Haikou, Chenghailou, Ninghai City and Binhai Great Wall.
2. Shanhaiguan
Shanhaiguan, also known as Shanhaiguan District, also known as "Guan Yu", is a demonstration site of national civilized scenic tourist areas. Located at the northeast of Qinhuangdao City 15km, Hebei Province, it is one of the northeast passes of the Great Wall of Ming Dynasty, gathering the essence of the ancient Great Wall of China. 1990 was considered as the starting point of the eastern end of the Great Wall in Ming Dynasty, and was called "the first pass in the world". It echoes Jiayuguan, a thousand miles away, and is famous all over the world. Shanhaiguan city, about 4 kilometers in circumference, is connected with the Great Wall and takes the city as the gateway. The city is 14 meters high and 7 meters thick, with four main doors and various defensive buildings. On one side of the wall is Liaoning and on the other side is Hebei.
3. xifengkou and Panjiakou
50 kilometers northwest of Qianxi County, Tangshan, there is a stunning landscape of the Great Wall of Wan Li-the Underwater Great Wall. In the past, xifengkou and Panjiakou in Xiongguan have been submerged in a blue wave. The long Great Wall twists and turns until it reaches the bottom of the water, and then rises from the other side. Mountain shadows set each other off, clouds and water intersect, and mountains, water and city are perfectly combined. The majesty of the northland is integrated with the beauty of the south of the Yangtze River.
From xifengkou to the west, the Great Wall crosses Panjiakou, closes the door, and jumps into the tall and steep mountains. Panjiakou and xifengkou have always been as close as lips and teeth, and they have been valued by the rulers of past dynasties. 1976, the state built Panjiakou Reservoir for Luanhe River Diversion Project. The reservoir filled the entire Great Wall, and Panjiakou, xifengkou and its surrounding Great Wall were submerged in the reservoir, forming a unique "underwater Great Wall" landscape.
4. Jinshanling Great Wall
Jinshanling Great Wall is located in Luanping County, Chengde City, Hebei Province, adjacent to Miyun County, Beijing, and 0/30 km away from Beijing/KLOC. Qi Jiguang, a patriotic general of Ming Dynasty, presided over the construction of the Great Wall of Wan Li when he was the chief military attache of Zhen Ji Town (1567- 1586). It is the essence of the Great Wall in Wan Li, and is known as "Wan Li Great Wall, the only one in Jinshan". Barriers, writing bricks and stones are the three wonders of Jinshanling Great Wall, and they are known as "photographers' paradise". Jinshanling Great Wall is a national key cultural relics protection unit, a national scenic spot and a national 4A-level tourist attraction, and is listed in the World Cultural Heritage List.
5. Dajingmen
Dajingmen, a provincial key protected cultural relic. Located at the northern end of Zhangjiakou City, it was built in the first year of Shunzhi in Qing Dynasty (AD 1644) and has a history of more than 350 years. Dajingmen is one of the four passes of the Great Wall in Wan Li, which has played an important role in history.
This is a brick arch, based on stone. The door wall is12m high,13m long and 9m wide. There are two wooden iron doors. The top is a platform with a length of 12m and a width of 7.5m There is a crib with a height of1.7m outside and a parapet with a height of 0.8m inside. On the lintel were 1927, four characters of "Great Rivers and Mountains" inscribed by the then local military and political leader Commander-in-Chief Chahar, which were magnificent and vigorous. According to legend, Emperor Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty returned to Beijing on an expedition and passed by here at night. Once camped at the gate, then built Wo Longge and Jiangjun Pavilion.
6. Zijingguan
A pass of the Great Wall. It is located on Amethyst Mountain, 40km west of Yixian County, Hebei Province, China. It is one of the main roads for Hebei Plain to enter Taihang Mountain. There is a risk of "one person guarding, unprecedented". In the Eastern Han Dynasty, it was named Wu Ruanguan, also known as Puyin Gong, and it was listed as the seventh male of the eight males in Taihang. Zijingguan consists of Xiaojincheng on the north bank of Juma River, Guancheng on the south bank, Panxiaoshi Town, Qifengkou Town and Guanzuoling Town. Second, chengde mountain resort and surrounding temples
Extended information assessment of UNESCO World Heritage Committee;
Chengde mountain resort, the Summer Palace of Qing Dynasty, is located in Hebei Province and was built from 1703 to 1792. It is a huge building complex, consisting of many palaces and other buildings that handle government affairs and hold ceremonies. Temples and palaces with different architectural styles are ingeniously integrated with the surrounding lakes, pastures and forests. The Summer Resort not only has high aesthetic research value, but also retains precious historical relics in the late feudal society of China.
1, summer resort
Chengde mountain resort is an ancient imperial palace in China, where the Qing emperors spent the summer and handled government affairs. Located in the north of Chengde City, Hebei Province. Founded in 1703, it was completed in 89 years after Kangxi, Yongzheng and Qianlong in Qing Dynasty. Together with the national key cultural relics protection units, the Summer Palace, Humble Administrator's Garden and Lingering Garden, it is called the four famous gardens in China, and it is the first batch of demonstration sites of national civilized scenic spots.
2. Waiba Temple
Around the summer resort, a number of Lamaism temples will be built in the form of Tibetan and Xinjiang Lamaism temples for the upper classes and nobles of ethnic minorities in the west and north to worship Buddha. There are 1 1 monasteries in the east and north of the summer resort, on both sides of Wulie River and in the hilly area on the northern edge of Shizigou. Because it belongs to eight temples, eight of which are directly managed by the Qing government, it is called "Chengde Waiba Temple". Temples are divided into Tibetan temples, Chinese temples and Sino-Tibetan temples according to architectural styles. These temples combine the essence of Han, Tibetan and other national architectural arts, and are magnificent and extremely royal. These 12 temples with different architectural styles were built by the Qing government at that time to unite ethnic minorities in Mongolia, Xinjiang, Tibet and other regions, using religion as a means of weaving nets. Most of these temples are built on sunny slopes, with prominent halls and magnificent momentum.
Three, two of the royal tombs in the Qing Dynasty: the Qing Dongling Mausoleum and the Qing Xiling Mausoleum.
Evaluation of UNESCO World Heritage Committee;
According to the geomantic theory, imperial tombs of the ming and qing dynasties carefully selected the site and skillfully placed a large number of buildings underground. It is the product of human's transformation of nature, which embodies the traditional architectural and decorative ideas, and interprets the world outlook and power view of feudal China that lasted for more than 500 years. In the Qing dynasty, the royal family had three mausoleums, located in Shenyang in the northeast, called Beiling. Zunhua in Tangshan is called Dongling; Yixian county in Baoding is called Xiling.
1, Qing Dongling
Qingming Mausoleum is located in zunhua city, Hebei Province, 0/25km west of Beijing. It is the largest, most complete and most reasonable royal mausoleum group in China, a national AAAA-level tourist attraction and a world cultural heritage. Covering an area of 80 square kilometers, it has 15 mausoleums, 5 emperors, 15 empresses, 136 concubines, 3 brothers and 2 princesses.
2. Qingling Mausoleum
Qing Xiling Mausoleum is the mausoleum of four emperors in Qing Dynasty since Yongzheng, with a total of 14 mausoleums, including Tailing Mausoleum in Yongzheng, Changling Mausoleum in Jiaqing, Muling in Daoguang and chongling in Guangxu. In addition, there are three back tombs, and some princesses and concubines. It is located at the foot of Yongning Mountain in the west of Yixian County, Hebei Province 15km, and more than 20km away from Beijing 120km. The perimeter is about 100 km, and the area is over 800 square kilometers. There is the largest ancient pine forest in northern China, and tens of thousands of Gu Song and Cooper decorate this area beautifully and luxuriously. To the north of Qingling is Yongning Mountain, where peaks and peaks overlap, and to the south is Yishui, which flows in a winding way. The ancient trees are towering and the scenery is magnificent. There are more than a thousand palace buildings and hundreds of ancient buildings and sculptures in the mausoleum area, which are magnificent. Founded in 1730 (the eighth year of Yongzheng), it is a national key cultural relics protection unit.