The body is spindle-shaped, with a long tip and four whiskers in front of the mouth. The mouth is located on the ventral side, which is elastic and can be stretched into a tube. The body is covered with five large and hard bone scales, one on the back and two on the side and abdomen.
The caudal fin is curved, the base of the lateral fin is broad, and the dorsal fin is opposite to the gluteal fin. The ventral fin is located in front of the dorsal fin, with spiny scales at the base of the fin and caudal fin, spiral valves in the intestine, anus and drainage holes close to the base of the ventral fin, and the opening of fallopian tube far from the ovary.
Acipenser sinensis is a kind of benthic fish, which has a very narrow feeding habit and belongs to carnivorous fish. Mainly feed on some small or slow-moving benthic animals. In the ocean, fish are the main food, followed by crustaceans and molluscs. Juvenile Chinese sturgeon mainly feed on benthic fishes, such as Ophiopogonis and pupae, krill and Agkistrodon halys, and generally stop eating during spawning.
In summer and autumn, the Chinese sturgeon, who lives in the shallow water outside the Yangtze River estuary, swam back to the Yangtze River and returned to the Jinsha River to lay eggs and breed after fighting for more than 3,000 kilometers upstream. After giving birth, the young fish grow to about 15 cm and live with them in the open sea. In this way, they were born in the upper reaches of rivers and grew up in the sea for generations.
The life cycle of Chinese sturgeon is long, and the longest life span can reach 40 years. It is a national first-class protected wild animal and a living fossil, and is known as the "giant panda in the water".
China, Japan, Korea, Lao People's Democratic Republic and Korea. It is mainly distributed below Jinsha River, the main stream of the Yangtze River in China, to the estuary, and other water systems such as Ganjiang River, Xiangjiang River, Minjiang River, Qiantang River and Pearl River occasionally appear.
Since the closure of 198 1 Yangtze River Gezhouba, the Ministry of Agriculture has taken decisive measures. Strictly limit the number, place and time of artificial propagation and scientific experiments of parent sturgeon, protect the young sturgeons along the Yangtze River and at the estuary, and expand the scale of artificial propagation and release of Chinese sturgeon. In Yibin City, the upper reaches of the Yangtze River, Chinese sturgeon fry are released to the Yangtze River every year, so that this rare species of Chinese sturgeon can survive and multiply for a long time. In order to make up for the adverse impact of Gezhouba project on Chinese sturgeon, Yichang Institute of Chinese Sturgeon was established by 330 Engineering Bureau.
The study showed that comprehensive protection measures delayed the decline of Chinese sturgeon resources, basically preserved the upstream spawning parents, laid the foundation for the natural reproduction, research, proliferation and release of Chinese sturgeon, and the number of Chinese sturgeon species began to increase.
Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences broke through the artificial propagation of Chinese sturgeon in 1983, and Yichang Chinese sturgeon Research Institute was established by 330 Engineering Bureau in 1984. The experiment of artificial propagation and release of ACIPENSER sinensis was successful.
Since 1983, Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute has released artificially propagated young sturgeons to the Yangtze River every year. However, due to the limitation of culture technology and scale, only less than 10000 young sturgeons with a body length of 8-65438 cm and a weight of 3-5g can be cultured every year, and almost zero in most years. Therefore, the population supplement of Chinese sturgeon mainly depends on the young sturgeon naturally propagated in Yichang spawning ground.