Avian influenza is an infectious disease caused by avian influenza virus. This virus naturally exists in the digestive tract of birds and generally does not get sick. Avian influenza virus can be divided into high pathogenicity and low pathogenicity. Birds infected with highly pathogenic avian influenza virus show obvious messy feathers, loss of appetite, stop laying eggs, purple cockscomb, and symptoms begin to deteriorate rapidly. The mortality rate of poultry infected with highly pathogenic avian influenza virus can be as high as 80%.
At present, H5N 1 avian influenza virus can spread from bird to bird due to gene mutation. After a period of time, it can spread effectively from person to person through gene exchange with human influenza virus, which eventually leads to a global and fatal human influenza outbreak. Therefore, epidemic influenza is also called "killer influenza" or "super influenza". There are many kinds of avian influenza viruses, among which H5N 1 is the most likely to cause the epidemic.
Symptoms of avian influenza:
The incubation period of human infection with avian influenza is generally five to nine days. The early symptoms are very similar to other influenza, mainly manifested as fever, runny nose, stuffy nose, cough, sore throat, headache and general malaise. Some patients may have conjunctivitis, nausea, abdominal pain, diarrhea, watery stools and other digestive tract symptoms, which generally recover naturally within two to seven days. Elderly patients with delayed treatment will rapidly develop into progressive pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome, pulmonary hemorrhage, pleural effusion, pancytopenia, renal failure, septic shock and Reye syndrome and die.
Transmission route of avian influenza:
1. Through infected livestock or their feces.
2. Contact or inhale dust with avian influenza virus.
Characteristics of avian influenza:
The favorable conditions for the survival of avian influenza virus are mostly cool and humid environment, especially the virus existing in oral cavity and feces, which is protected by organic matter and has great resistance. Generally, it can survive for 2 weeks in dry dust, 4 days in water at 22℃ and several weeks at 4℃. It can survive in frozen poultry meat and bone marrow for 10 month.
Avian influenza virus is very sensitive to organic solvents such as ether, chloroform, acetone, high temperature and ultraviolet rays. Heating at 56℃ for 30 minutes, heating at 60℃ for 65,438+00 minutes, heating at 70℃ for several minutes, and direct sunlight for 40 to 48 hours can all be killed by using common disinfectants.
In addition, because the virus is not acid-resistant, gastric acid in human stomach has inhibitory effect on avian influenza virus.
How to prevent avian influenza;
1. Avoid contact with birds and their secretions. In case of accidental contact, wash your hands thoroughly with soap immediately.
2. Avoid eating raw poultry meat and its products (including related products such as eggs and duck blood).
3. Unless necessary or unprotected, please avoid going to raw poultry slaughterhouses, poultry farms and live poultry markets.
4. Animal husbandry staff should wear personal protective facilities during the operation and clean up after work.
The general public should develop good personal hygiene habits, pay attention to a balanced diet, take proper exercise and rest, and keep healthy.
6. People who have a history of contact with poultry and travel in epidemic areas, if they have symptoms such as fever, sore throat, cough and conjunctivitis, please wear a mask and go to the medical institution with the seal of the new influenza sampling medical institution as soon as possible, and take the initiative to inform them of their contact history, work content and travel history.
Avian influenza related websites:
Bureau of Disease Control, Department of Health -flu.cdc/ Influenza Prevention and Control
Animal and Plant Epidemic Prevention and Quarantine Bureau of Agriculture Committee of Executive Yuan-Avian Influenza Area
baphiq/main/HeadCls？ FirstID = 6 & ampSecondID = 10025 & amp； ThirdID = & ampFourthID = & ampClassID= 10025
The Environmental Protection Department of the Executive Yuan-The Environmental Protection Department set up a bird flu prevention and response mechanism in ivy3.epa/20051026-02.
Who-who.int/topics/avian _ influenza/zh/index avian influenza
* * *-FEHD/safe Food _ 2/ Avian Influenza /Indexc, Food and Environmental Hygiene Department of China Special Administrative Region.
Taoyuan County Life Network-Bird Flu Prevention Taoyuan-Life /CGI-bin/SM _ Theme? page = 43730ccf
Avian Influenza | Taiwan Province Environmental Information Association-Environmental Information Center e-info/tags/39 1
Jian Kang website-fifteen points to prevent avian influenza monhealth/content/avnflu/article01
Popular science knowledge-will the smell of "bird" change color? Understand avian influenza nsc/_newfiles/popular_science? add _ year = 2005 & amppopsc_aid= 143
Are you ready to deal with bird flu? Washington observer weekly
Washington Observer /big 5/ Society-Avian Influenza -082405CN 143.cfm
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