Toona sinensis has strong adaptability and can grow normally under full light and half light conditions. Because Toona sinensis can easily grow into a big tree if it is left unchecked, it is necessary to stay away from the house as far as possible when choosing the planting location in the courtyard. In high temperature area, the growth of Toona sinensis is slower than that in China. The main reason is that the annual effective accumulated temperature (temperature above 12 degrees) is less. Therefore, if possible, it is best to grow in a well-lit courtyard. Another main factor affecting the growth of Toona sinensis is soil conditions. Generally, courtyards with deep and fertile soil layers grow faster. Therefore, in order to facilitate the growth of Toona sinensis, we can choose a deeper soil layer in the courtyard.
2. Preparation of planting holes
In addition to the effective accumulated temperature has a significant impact on the growth and development of Toona sinensis, soil conditions are another important factor affecting the development of Toona sinensis. Reasonable preparation of planting holes can improve soil nutrition and permeability and create favorable conditions for the development of Toona sinensis. If you want Toona sinensis to grow fast, you'd better dig a hole of 60- 100CM in Fiona Fang. When digging planting holes, the topsoil and subsoil (raw soil below) should be separated. If the soil in your yard is good enough, fill the pit with topsoil first, and then fill all the excavated soil (including core soil) into the pit. If the soil is not good, you can buy 20 ~ 30 kg of decomposed organic fertilizer and dug topsoil to fill in the planting pit, or you can buy some topsoil to fill in the pit (if you don't want to do any of these, you can collect the fallen leaves, weeds and bean curd residue in the yard and fill them in the dug planting pit, and it is best to add some nitrogen-containing fertilizer, because the fallen leaves and weeds mainly provide organic matter and carbon sources, and it is best to mix them with nitrogen-containing fertilizer as base fertilizer) and then fill them in. Then plant trees. Note that it is best not to directly contact the roots of trees without decomposed organic fertilizer, so as not to burn the roots.
3. Planting method of Toona sinensis tree
If you buy a potted Toona sinensis tree, you can use soil to pull Toona sinensis out of the pot and plant it directly in the planting hole. If it's a mail-order Toona sinensis, it usually doesn't bring much soil. You'd better open the package carefully before planting trees. If Toona sinensis is still dormant, it should be planted as soon as possible. If the leaves of Toona sinensis are fresh and growing, besides planting as soon as possible, it is best to shade them to prevent dehydration and wilting.
When planting, fill the soil to a certain position and put in seedlings to make the roots spread and distribute in the pit close to the natural state; Fill in another layer of soil, gently lift the stem, and then add soil about 5 cm above the original planting position, which is slightly practical. Water immediately after planting. The first watering is very important. Be sure to water it thoroughly. Generally, a large bucket of water is needed. As the case may be, if the weather is dry and the planted mail-order tree has leaves, you can often spray some water on the leaves after planting to prevent the leaves from losing water. Generally, Toona sinensis can recover its normal water absorption function within 7- 10 days after planting. If the local temperature rises rapidly and the temperature is high, it is best to shade after planting, which usually takes 5-7 days. If potted, it is best to move to the shade for 4-5 days after planting. Even if the temperature is not high and the wind speed is not high, it is absolutely harmless to put it in a cool or shady place.
Covering with plastic film after planting can promote the growth of Toona sinensis in the courtyard. If possible, after watering and seepage, straighten the tree tray and cover it with 1 m2 plastic film or white plastic cloth, which can not only keep moisture, but also raise the temperature and promote young trees to grow new roots early. Note that the periphery of the mulch film should be compacted with soil, and the center of the mulch film should not contact with the base of the trunk (that is, dig an egg-sized hole in the mulch film around the trunk and pile up some soil to cover the hole) to avoid burning the trunk due to high temperature caused by sun exposure.
4. Management of soil, fertilizer and water after planting
If you dig a big pit before planting trees and add organic fertilizer as mentioned above, you will hardly need to apply fertilizer in the first year after planting. If no organic fertilizer is applied before planting trees, or the courtyard soil is poor, some slow-release fertilizers can be applied to promote the rapid growth of Toona sinensis. For example, Scotts' Osmocote classic granular slow-release fertilizer (N-P-K = 19-6- 12) has a validity period of 8-9 months at 2 1℃. The advantage of slow-release fertilizer is that it has a long validity period and can meet the annual growth of Toona sinensis. More importantly, even excessive fertilization won't burn trees. Fertilization is generally carried out in April-June, and watering should be done in time after fertilization. Generally, there is no need to apply fertilizer in the late growing season to control the overgrowth, promote the branches to be full and strong, and be conducive to wintering. In summer, Toona sinensis is often watered to promote its rapid growth; Pay attention to water control in late autumn to promote branch enrichment.
5. Overwintering protection
Toona sinensis trees generally don't need protection in winter in warmer areas such as Greater Vancouver or Victoria. For Alberta, Toona sinensis needs wintering protection at least in the first year after planting. For Toronto, it can be determined whether Toona sinensis needs wintering protection according to local specific conditions. For the wintering protection of Toona sinensis, if Toona sinensis is not too big, two layers of protection can be adopted: the first layer (inner layer) can be wrapped with old clothes, or the whole Toona sinensis can be wrapped in cardboard boxes. On the second floor (outermost layer), you can make a plastic shed to cover Toona sinensis inside; Or just put a black plastic garbage bag outside. Of course, the effect of clothes bag+carton+plastic bag rainproof bag is better. In order to prevent the cartons from being crushed by snow or blown away by strong wind, wooden stakes can be added inside. The purpose of this is: the main function of the inner layer is to keep warm, and the outer layer is mainly to prevent freezing after rain, or the snow melts and freezes. I just want to draw inspiration from past experiences, and I want you to use more methods. Such a protection method must be carried out after defoliation and when the low temperature approaches or reaches below zero; It was not until the next year when the weather turned warm and the temperature was around 0℃ or above that the protection was lifted.
6, plastic pruning
Toona sinensis trees can be pruned in the same year after planting. Of course, if your soil is better and Toona sinensis grows faster, you can also prune it during the growing period. The purpose of pruning is to promote the growth of branches, increase the yield of Toona sinensis, control the height of trees, make them beautiful and coordinate with the house.
When planting Toona sinensis, the first pruning can be carried out before and after germination. The method of pruning is to prune 40-50 cm on the ground. This pruning determines the height of the trunk, so it is called fixed stem (see the schematic diagram of Toona sinensis plastic pruning). If the tree body is small and can't reach the fixed dry height, pruning can be omitted in the planting year in order to promote the root system development. It can be stored for 40-50 cm until it germinates in the next spring. Fixed dry year, from early summer to summer, the growth of root trees can be pruned 1-3 times in summer. In fact, when the new shoots exceed 15 cm, leave about 5 cm (2-4 compound leaves, that is, 2-4 buds) and cut off the upper new shoots and leaves. Such pruning is called summer pruning. Pruning in summer should be completed before autumn to ensure that the branches are mature and conducive to wintering. In the second and third years after stem setting, according to the growth and development of branches, the branches (or main branches) after stem setting can be pruned repeatedly in dormant period and growing period to promote more budding branches. Starting from the fourth or fifth year, the amount of dormancy and summer pruning can be increased. Of course, the leaves of Toona sinensis trimmed in summer can also be used as Toona sinensis food.