Reason: The northwest region is deeply inland and far away from the sea. In addition, the high plateau and mountain terrain block the moist air flow, resulting in sparse precipitation and arid climate in this region, forming vast deserts and Gobi beaches. landscape.
Only a few areas in the southeastern part of the western region have a temperate monsoon climate. Most of the other areas have a temperate continental climate and an alpine climate. Winters are cold and dry, summers are high and precipitation is scarce. There is a decreasing trend from east to west. .
Topography:
The terrain of the western region includes the Tianshan Mountains, Altyn Mountains, Qilian Mountains, Kunlun Mountains, Altai Mountains, Hexi Corridor, Junggar Basin, Tarim Basin, Taklimakan Desert, and Turpan Basins and other mountains, basins, deserts, and Gobi.
Extended information:
Regional characteristics:
Located deeply inland
The northwest region is deeply located in the interior of China, including Shaanxi Province, There are 5 provinces and autonomous regions: Gansu Province, Qinghai Province, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, and Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region. The northwest region has a long national border and is adjacent to Russia, Mongolia, Kazakhstan and other countries.
The northwest region has the characteristics of vast area, sparsely populated areas and so on. The northwest region is one of the areas with the highest concentration of ethnic minorities in China. The main ethnic minorities include Hui, Uyghur, Kazakh, Tibetan, Mongolian, Russian, etc. ?
Drought and water shortage
Scarce precipitation and arid climate are the main climate characteristics of the northwest region. Because the northwest region is located in the hinterland of the Eurasian continent, precipitation is scarce in most areas except the area south of the Qinling Mountains. The annual precipitation in most areas is less than 500 mm. It has a continental arid semi-arid climate and an alpine climate.
The annual precipitation in the Loess Plateau is between 300 and 500 mm, the Qaidam Basin is less than 200 mm, the Hexi Corridor is less than 100 mm, Dunhuang is only 29.5 mm, Turpan is less than 20 mm, and Ruoqiang is 10.9 mm, almost no rain all year round. Due to scarce precipitation, arid climate, widespread deserts and other reasons, the surface water volume in the northwest region is about 220 billion cubic meters per year, accounting for only about 8% of the total runoff in the country.
Drought and water shortage are one of the main obstacles plaguing agricultural transformation and development and rural revitalization in the northwest region. As my country's first agricultural "high-tech zone", Yangling, Shaanxi has been given the "national mission" to build a core area for agricultural science and technology innovation and promotion in arid and semi-arid areas. In 2017, the demonstration and promotion area of ??Yangling's dry farming technology reached 71.8698 million acres across the country, and the demonstration and promotion benefits were 21.222 billion yuan.
Baidu Encyclopedia-Northwestern China