Sheep fat white jade: the top grade of white jade, pure and delicate in texture, containing tremolite as high as 99%, and its white color is as delicate as jelly. The economic value of jade with the same weight is several times that of white jade. Sheep fat white jade was highly respected in Han Dynasty, Song Dynasty and Qing Qianlong period.
Blue white jade: There is no obvious difference in texture from white jade, but the jade color is pale turquoise, which is the third-class jade material in Hetian jade, and its economic value is slightly lower than that of white jade.
Sapphire: It is called sapphire when its color is light blue, turquoise and gray. Uniform color, fine texture, tremolite 89%, actinolite 6%, oily, rich in reserves. It is the main variety of jade collected or mined in past dynasties.
Topaz: The matrix is white jade, which is yellow in cracks due to the long-term infiltration of iron oxide in surface water. According to the color change, it is named as: dense wax yellow, chestnut color, okra yellow, yellow flower yellow, egg yolk, etc. Close wax yellow and chestnut color are extremely rare, and their economic value can reach sheep fat white jade. In the Qing Dynasty, topaz homophoned "emperor", which was extremely rare, and its economic value once exceeded that of white jade with sheep fat.
Tang Yu: Iron oxide permeates tremolite to form different shades of red skin, with deep red as "Tang Yu" and "Tiger Jade" and white with pink as "Pink Jade". Sugar jade often forms a two-color jade material with white jade or plain jade, which can be used to make "pretty jade". The snuff bottle made of sugar jade shell seed material is called "gold-coated silver", which should be able to add value.
Jet: Tremolite containing graphite and magnets is black. The jet is mostly gray or gray ink jade with black stripes, hence the name "dark clouds, light ink, golden sable whiskers, beauty temples, etc." . Pure lacquer ink with dense black spots is more valuable than other jet varieties. Jet has a waxy luster, which is not suitable for carving patterns because of uneven color. It is mostly used to make utensils inlaid with gold and silver thread.
Jasper: produced in Junggar jade mine, also known as Tianshan Jasper. It is grayish green, dark green and dark green, with pure dark green as the top grade. The quality of black spots, black spots or jade tendons is one grade worse. Jasper contains more than 85% tremolite, with delicate texture, translucency and oily luster, belonging to mid-range jade.
(2) xiuyan jade, produced in Xiuyan, Liaoning, China, is a place with beautiful scenery, rich products and rich atmosphere. After thousands of years of natural evolution, it has condensed the essence of thousands of years of mountains and rivers, thus producing a world-famous national treasure-xiuyan jade.
Jade is one of the four famous jade in China, which can be roughly divided into two categories. One is the old jade (also called Hemo jade), which is a precious rough jade with simple texture, dignified and dark green color. The other is nephrite, which is solid and moist, delicate and round, mostly green, of which pure white and golden are rare treasures.
Jade is produced in the rich context of the earth, and has absorbed the essence of heaven and earth and the aura of nature in the course of thousands of years, so it has great feng shui value besides collection value.
Because modern human beings live in buildings, the reinforced concrete of modern buildings separates the breath of nature from the magnetic field, which makes the distance between human beings and nature farther and farther. If a beautiful jade can be placed at home, it can not only play a pleasing ornamental value, but also bring natural atmosphere to the home, supplement the indoor natural magnetic field and adjust the indoor feng shui climate.
"Righteousness exists in memory, and evil cannot be done." There are beautiful jade in the house, and evil spirits are inviolable. Wearing a beautiful jade will increase a natural force.
According to western astrologers, green is the main artery of modern social economy, so natural green will inevitably promote your career and fortune. Among them, green jade is dignified and profound, which is very beneficial to people with successful careers, because it can help you precipitate wealth, gather financial resources and make your career stable and solid. Therefore, collecting a few old jade articles and putting them at home or in the office will definitely make your career satisfactory. Nephrite, because of its green color, mellow and harmonious, is very conducive to the development and application of financial resources, and can be sent and received freely. Not only that, because of its gentle and beautiful texture, it can make people around pay attention to harmony, make money with harmony, improve interpersonal relationships and promote a better family. Therefore, it is a valuable asset for people who have a successful career and those who are starting a business. Whether it is placed at home or in the office, it can not only open up financial resources, but also play a positive role in promoting career and luck.
Jade is mostly green, so in addition to the above functions, it is of great significance to people who like the five elements of numerology. If I put the jade at home or in the office, or wear it myself, it will bring me good luck. If you can like it from the heart and get close to it from the heart, in the long run, it will be closely connected with Meiyu's heart, and your fate will change from now on.
(3) dushan jade, also known as "Nanyang Jade" or "Nanyu Jade", is produced in Dushan in the north of Nanyang City. It is one of the four famous jade in China. Dushan jade is hard and dense, delicate and soft, with transparent luster and various colors. There are six kinds of pigments, including green, white, yellow, purple, red and white, and 77 kinds of colors, which are the first-class raw materials for jade carving.
Dushan jade carving has a long history. 1959 The jade shovel produced in the Neolithic site of Huangshan Mountain near Dushan proves that our ancestors knew and used dushan jade as early as 5,000 years ago. The site of Yujie Temple at the foot of Dushan Mountain is the place where jade carvings were made in Han Dynasty. The Qing Dynasty's "Newly Built Nanyang County Records" records: "The residents in the north of the old county made a living by managing jade articles." In old China and Nanyang, jade carving has formed a big industry. There are more than 80 workshops in the city, most of which are located in the back, with shops in front, selling their own carvings. Jade carving products mainly include figures, flowers, birds and beasts, landscapes, statues, furnace smoke, jewelry and so on 120 varieties.
As early as 6,000 years ago, the ancients had mined dushan jade, and there were many dushan jade products in the jade unearthed from Muhao's tomb in Yinxu, Anyang. Dushan was called "Yushan" in the Western Han Dynasty.
Dushan jade ranks among the "Four Famous Jade" in China because of its bright color and good transparency. The emerald variety of high-grade jade is similar to Burmese jade, so it has the reputation of "Nanyang jade". Generally, the unique jade is mainly used to carve bracelets, rings, necklaces and other furnishings and ornaments.
Dushan jade is a kind of multicolored jade, which can be divided into eight varieties by color.
① Green dushan jade: green to emerald green, translucent, delicate in texture, similar to jadeite, with glass luster.
② Red dushan jade: also known as "Furong Jade". The color is light red to red, with fine texture and good luster.
③ White dushan jade: white or off-white, with fine texture and oily luster. Its varieties include cream white jade, permeable white jade and so on.
④ Purple dushan jade: The color is deep purple, with poor transparency.
⑤ Yellow dushan jade: Yellow-green.
⑥ Black dushan jade: The color is like ink, so it is also called "jet".
⑦ cyan dushan jade: The color is cyan and the transparency is poor.
8 Miscellaneous dushan jade: Miscellaneous dushan jade.
Dushan jade has the best color, high transparency, fine texture and no impurity cracks. Among them, hibiscus stone, permeable white jade and emerald are of high value. In addition, the use of jade blocks of different colors to imitate the natural beauty of jade carving has also been well received.
Nanyang jade has bright color, fine texture, good luster and high hardness, which can be compared with jadeite. Germans once called it "Nanyang Emerald", and Soviet geologist Kivlinko once classified Nanyang jade as jadeite jade deposit. According to the research of Henan geologists in recent years, it has been confirmed that Nanyang Valley is an altered plagioclase, which consists of zoisite, epidote, tremolite, sericite, biotite and sphene. Through microscopic identification, jade contains a variety of altered minerals, mainly zoisite, epidote and tremolite. Because jade contains all kinds of metal impurities, there are many colors of jade, mainly green, white and variegated, as well as purple, blue and yellow.
(4) Turquoise, also known as emerald, is named after its color and green pine cone shape, and is one of the rare gems in the world. Turquoise products have now become an important collection and a secondary mineral. It is formed by leaching groundwater containing copper, aluminum and phosphorus in early granite, and precipitates in veins near the surface to form nodules, which are wrapped by the matrix of dikes. Turquoise is the earliest mineral variety used as decoration. /kloc-in 0/900, four bracelets inlaid with turquoise and gold were unearthed in an ancient tomb in Egypt.
As ornaments, people like the green and texture of turquoise. In ancient times, people associated it with religion and superstition. China and Tibet especially admire turquoise, and it is still a sacred decorative object in religious ceremonies. American Indians believe that turquoise is the spirit of the sea and the blue sky and a symbol of divine power. Most ancient civilizations advocated turquoise, such as Egypt, Persia, Aztec (ancient Mexican Indian country) and so on. Turquoise has different colors due to different elements. Copper-containing oxides are blue and iron-containing oxides are green. Color is an important factor affecting the quality of turquoise. Turquoise is mainly produced in the southern States of the United States, northeastern Iran and Sinai Peninsula in Egypt. China, Australia, Chile, Afghanistan and Russia also produce a small amount of turquoise, but at present, the largest turquoise gem in the world is produced in Yungai Mountain, Yunxian County, Hubei Province, with an altitude of 1200m or above. This turquoise is 82 cm long, 29 cm high, 29 cm wide and weighs 66 kg. Green and green, complete structure, delicate texture.
Yunyang county, Hubei province is known as the hometown of oriental jadeite. Turquoise is rich in pure materials, bright and dazzling, and its colors are mostly sky blue, green, gray blue and pink green, which is extremely rare. The turquoise produced by Yungaishan turquoise mine in Yunxian County has the best grade and is the most precious. The largest piece of turquoise is now in Yunyang turquoise development company in Hubei Province, and needs to be carved into precious works of art. ..
There are many new jade mineral resources in China.
Chalcedony 1. Chalcedony: Chalcedony mine: A kind of chalcedony mine was found in Heilongjiang Province, with bare veins, bright colors, even bluer colors, and different block sizes, with Mohs hardness of 7 and 5; Glass luster; Processing high-grade jewelry, now waiting for development. Deep purple, much higher than amethyst. Can be used as a high-end jewelry set. There are three veins, which should be the largest and most valuable vein in gem mines.
2. Chalcedony mine: Chalcedony mine was found in Hongshan Culture circle, Inner Mongolia, the hometown of China Yilong. North latitude: 4211'23 "; East longitude: 1 19 5 1' 59 ". Coordinate of inflection point: x: 4676900y: 20736700. It is 825m above sea level, with a vein length of1600m, a width of1.5m, a depth of more than 80m (estimated depth is about 500m), and a prospective reserve of1000-800,000 cubic meters (if the cheap jade material1000 yuan/kg, it is. Gloss: aphanitic aggregate, transparency: translucent, between glass luster and grease luster, large and delicate, moist but not greasy, diverse in color, unique and rich in materials, very similar to Hetian jade in color and moisture, and also like Shoushan stone. Comprehensive analysis shows that this material is second only to Hetian jade, but better than mid-range Hetian jade, and also better than Qinghai White, dushan jade, lantian jade and Xiuyu jade. The composition is close to chalcedony, but it is not glass luster, but belongs to jade luster, so it is a new jade material. This vein belongs to the timely vein and is a relatively stable vein in geology. It is very likely that there will be a huge jade king material in the mining process.
Agate mine
3. Opal ore: Opal ore was discovered for the first time in western Liaoning, which was crystallized in the cracks of mountains and volcanic rocks for many years. There is a red bell-shaped skin with red clay outside, white and transparent, hardness 7.5, refractive index 1.54, density 2.65, light: aphanitic aggregate, transparency: translucent, glass luster, average blockiness, fine and fine, and good moisture, much like glass jade. Close to the characteristics described by ancient Hebi, we can imitate the "national purpose". This mine has not been explored in detail, so it is difficult to mine and needs to be developed.
Jade mine 7. Multicolored chalcedony: Multicolored chalcedony ore is small in size, but there are many clever pigments. Mohs hardness is 7, refractive index: 1.54, density: 2.65, brightness: aphanitic aggregate, transparency: translucent, glassy, block-like, fine, good wettability, diverse colors and rich unique materials.