In the fifteenth year of Qing Qianlong (1750), when Qingyi Garden (the predecessor of the Summer Palace) was first built, Emperor Qianlong even compared himself to the jade emperor in heaven, aiming to build the imperial garden into a "paradise on earth", and the Buddha Pavilion should be resplendent and magnificent, symbolizing the Lingxiao Hall in the Heavenly Palace.
Kunming Lake should be very wide. Like Tianhe, a bronze cow and a plow map have been built on the east and west sides of the lake (river). The bronze cow's body faces east and its head faces west, just facing the portrait of the Weaver Girl, more like Tianhe. There is a weaver girl in the sky and a cowherd (bronze cow) on the ground, far away from each other.
1860, the British and French allied forces burned down the "Three Mountains and Five Gardens", and the cultivated map in the Summer Palace was also destroyed, leaving only the stone tablet inscribed by Emperor Qianlong. After liberation, the farming and weaving map marked out the Great Wall of the Summer Palace and became a miscellaneous courtyard with mixed production and life.
1998 1998 was taken back by the Summer Palace at the end of 1998, and gradually restored to its original appearance, highlighting the meaning of "agriculture" and "weaving". The beautiful scenery here, like a fairyland, has been opened to the outside world.
Seen from the air, Kunming Lake looks like a peach. Master Qianlong made a puzzle in the landscape. Kunming Lake is divided into "inner lake" and "outer lake" by imitating the West Lake, and a branch embankment is added to further divide the outer lake into two parts. The main purpose of dividing lakes into inner lakes and outer lakes is to guide water to the side and back of mountains, so as to achieve the pattern of "mountains surrounded by water"
Why do you want to rely on mountains and rivers? "Where there are mountains and water, there must be gas", which is an important law of traditional geomantic omen. The essence of traditional geomantic omen is to emphasize the feeling beneficial to people's body and mind.
Therefore, in traditional geomantic omen, the mountains should have winding and undulating songs, the water should have lingering songs, the roads should have bright flowers, the bridges should have arch tickets, and the corridors should have ileal songs. What does this song mean? Be reserved, embrace, save, be affectionate, and then be energetic. Therefore, we should "embrace the mountains and rivers". Gan Long is well aware of this.
3. On the South Lake Island of Kunming Lake, there used to be a three-story attic building named Wang Chan Pavilion. In the north, there is also a tall attic building called Foxiang Pavilion on Wanshou Mountain, which just forms the north-south correspondence. But the Wang Chan Pavilion became shorter later. What happened?
More than 250 years ago, Emperor Qianlong wanted to build a garden in the western suburbs. At this time, there was a minister named Ali Zhou who wanted to please Qianlong. He thought that the most famous place in Huguang was of course the Yellow Crane Tower, so he bought some wood in Hubei at his own expense and made an imitation according to the ratio of 1: 1.
After the production is completed, it will be transported to Nanhu Island for assembly. This is the later Wang Chan Pavilion. Because the craftsmen didn't lay the foundation firmly at that time, the building sank, so Emperor Qianlong also punished a group of relevant personnel.
Later, when Emperor Jiaqing came to power and saw the tilted Wang Chan Pavilion, he ordered the demolition and reconstruction, transforming it from the past three floors into one floor. However, in 1860, Han Xu Hall was also burnt down by the British and French allied forces. After the fire, Cixi rebuilt Han Xutang in accordance with the appearance of Jiaqing period.
When Cixi built the Summer Palace, she wanted to learn from the Queen Mother, so she handed down the imperial edict to build the Summer Palace into a "heaven and earth". The Buddha Pavilion symbolizes the Heavenly Palace, Kunming Lake is like Tianhe, and the area around Bafangge and Longwang Temple is human. Since there is Tianhe, of course, there are cowherd and weaver girl.
So under the Bafang Pavilion on the lakeside of Kunming, a bronze cow was placed to symbolize the cowherd. Another Weaver Girl Pavilion was built next to the stone boat. The bronze bull's body faces east, and its head turns to the northwest, facing the direction where the Zhinv Pavilion is located. With Kunming Lake as the boundary, there is a formation of "Cowherd" on the left and "Weaver Girl" on the right. ?
From then on, this "bronze cow" watched "Weaver Girl" day and night. July 7, a year, is the day when the cowherd and the weaver girl are in the sky. The bronze cow suddenly came to life.
It left its original position, walked into the lake step by step, and then swam in the direction of Zhinv Pavilion. However, Kunming Lake was too big, and the bronze bull sank to the bottom of the lake in the middle of swimming, and could never get out again. ?
Someone reported this miracle to Cixi. At first, she didn't believe it. She came to the 17-hole bridge and saw with her own eyes that the bronze cow was gone. What shall we do? Tianhe can't live without the cowherd! So he sent someone to make a bronze cow and put it in its original place. Afraid it would run again, he chained it. ?
On the seventh day of July of the following year, the second bronze cow moved again and the chain could not be locked. Cixi quickly sent a few strong bodyguards to hold it down. These strong men tried their best to pull the cow's tail. The tail snapped off because of too much force.
At this time, someone found a thicker chain, too many cooks, and finally locked the bronze cow. Since then, a copper cow with a broken tail has been left by the lake in Kunming. However, this is the second one. Where is the first one? Still under Kunming Lake!
The name of Wanshou Mountain was decided more than 230 years ago when Qianlong celebrated the birthday of his mother, the Empress Dowager. Wanshou Mountain was originally named Weng Mountain. According to legend, an old man once dug up a stone Weng at the foot of the mountain, hence the name Weng Mountain. During the Jiajing period of the Ming Dynasty, the stone Weng was lost, but the name of Wengshan has been circulated.
In A.D. 1494 (the seventh year of Hongzhi in Ming Dynasty), the emperor's foster mother helped his holy wife, Luo Shi, to build a large-scale Yuan Jing Temple on the back of Mount Weng, and its former site is the location of Paiyun Temple in the Summer Palace today.
175 1 year (the 16th year of Qing Qianlong) coincides with the "prosperous time of Qianlong", which happens to be the 60th birthday of the cow of Qianlong to Empress Lu. In order to show his filial piety, Qianlong changed Wengshan to Wanshou Mountain in this year.