frontier poems
frontier poems are poems that describe frontier scenery and reflect the life of frontier soldiers.
Frontier Poems in Tang Dynasty: Frontier Poems in this period advocated poetry to reflect the landscape and customs of frontier fortress; Show the will to join the army and kill the enemy to serve the country; Eulogize the fighting spirit of frontier soldiers who are not afraid of hard work and defend the frontier; Express the desire to defend the enemy and make contributions and the idea of staying at peace and keeping a long distance; Describe the deep feelings of soldiers and relatives missing each other; Satire and admonish the rulers who expand the territory and open up the border and are militaristic. Representative poets are: Wang Changling, Gao Shi, Cen Can, etc. Gao Shi's Yan Ge Xing, Cen Can's a Song of White Snow in Farewell to Field-Clerk Wu Going Home, Wang Zhihuan's Liangzhou Ci and Wang Changling's Chusai are all well-known masterpieces.
frontier poems in the song dynasty: more show the resentment and depression of serving the country and the hopeless sadness of returning home, such as Fan Zhongyan's "Fisherman's Pride" ("Leaving Qiu Lai with Different Scenery").
The common images in frontier fortress poems can be grasped from two aspects: first, war-related objects, such as flags, drums, cadres, bows, horns, chariots, shafts and bonfires; Second, the places, people, things and things related to the war, such as Loulan, Yinshan, Hanhai, Liangzhou, Great Wall, Surrender City, Yumenguan, Khan, Tuguhun, Qiangdi, Hu Jia, Pipa, Broken Willows, Falling Plums, Guan Shanyue and so on.
Liangzhou Ci (Part I) Zhang Ji
In the border town, the geese fly low in the dusk, and the asparagus grows gradually.
Countless bells are ringing far away, so you should practice in Anxi.
complaining about Liu Zhongyong
At the age of Jin River, the jade pass was restored, and the horse policy and knife ring were made in the dynasty.
In the third spring, the white snow returns to Qingzhong, and the Yellow River in Wan Li goes around Heishan.
Seven Wang Changling Pipa Dances in the Military (Part II)
It's always a matter of old feelings.
I can't stop worrying about it, and the autumn moon shines on the Great Wall.
pastoral poetry
Landscape poetry originated from Xie Lingyun in the Southern Dynasty (Song Dynasty), and pastoral poetry originated from Tao Yuanming in the Jin Dynasty, represented by Wang Wei and Meng Haoran in the Tang Dynasty. This kind of poetry takes the landscape and countryside as the aesthetic object, and throws delicate strokes into the quiet mountains and leisurely fields, creating an idyllic life, so as to show the poet's love for nature, longing for freedom, dissatisfaction with reality, yearning for and love for pastoral life, and leisurely and indifferent mood. The poetic scene is meaningful and beautiful, the style is quiet and elegant, the language is beautiful and refined, simple and natural, and the simple drawing technique and the lyrical way of borrowing scenery are used.
moving (2) Tao Yuanming
There are many beautiful days in the spring and autumn, and he ascends to write new poems. It's better to call each other when you pass the door, and consider it with wine.
farm work should be returned to each other, and leisure time should be missed. Acacia puts on clothes and laughs endlessly.
this principle will be defeated, and nothing will go to this place. Food and clothing should be disciplined, and hard work should not be bullied.
[ official] nagged anonymous
to cross the path boat by the stream, and the water in front of the door was as clear as jade. Castle peak cuts off the red dust road, and white clouds are everywhere. It is said that I can't find my brother with you, but I can't find my brother, but I originally lived in a parrot island.
Mei Yaochen from Dongxi
When traveling to Dongxi to see the water, it was late to take the boat near the lonely island. Wild birds have leisure when they sleep on the shore, and old trees have flowers without ugly branches.
short plums are like scissors, and the sand is kept flat and clean in the sieve. I am lost here, but I have to go back, and the horse is tired and weak in the evening.
Farewell Poems
One of the earliest and most common themes in ancient poems, they generally describe scenery and express parting feelings according to time and place, thus reflecting the author's thoughts and feelings.
it is mainly used to express feelings of parting and not hating, or to encourage, or to express deep affection and friendship, or to express sorrow of parting.
Farewells are often associated with climbing mountains and facing the water, and they are also called "landscape farewell poems", such as Farewell to Du Shaofu's Ren Shuchuan (Wang Bo), a farewell to meng haoran on his way to yangzhou (Li Bai), Two Poems of Biedong Da (Gao Shi) and Yulinling (Liu Yong).
The common images of farewell poems are as follows: Changting, Nanpu, Yangliu and fine wine; in addition, there are: setting sun, west wind, painted horns, spring breeze, autumn moon, fallen leaves, residual red, defeated lotus, river water, drizzle, Qiu Chan and Lanzhou.
willow twigs? Send Lu Meipo Liu Guo
Pan Ju ① cup deep, blow Mei ② angle far, both in Beijing. Gather and disperse in a hurry, lonely geese by the clouds, duckweed on the water. How can you teach people not to get hurt? Feel a few degrees, the soul flies and dreams are shocked. After the night, I miss you, the dust goes with the horse, and the moon sails.
Danyang sent Wei to join the army. Yan Wei
Danyang Guoli sent a boat trip, and we knew each other well.
In the evening, the south of the Yangtze River looks at the north of the Yangtze River, and Western jackdaw flies all over the water.
farewell to Han cong in late spring
green, dark and red are rare in Fengcheng, and the pavilion in the twilight clouds is full of ancient and modern feelings.
pedestrians don't listen to the water in front of the palace, it's just the sound of running for all the years.
Poems about things
Poems about things express thoughts and feelings by chanting natural or social things, and express their aspirations by supporting things.
common techniques: symbol, analogy, etc. Representative works include Wang Wei's Acacia ("when those red berries come in springtime"), Li Bai's Egret, Du Fu's Returning to the Wild Goose, and Lu You's The Operator? Yongmei, Yu Qian's Poetry of Lime, Wang Mian's Mo Mei, etc. are all famous works that express one's mind through natural things.
There are two characteristics of poetry chanting things:
① It is to borrow things for sustenance and express feelings. Or send the sorrow of its people and the worry of the country; Or write about his feelings of being incompetent and dying in autumn.
② is borrowed, which is not only the embodiment of the author's ideal, purport and moral integrity, but also the carrier of the theme and image of the work.
Mo Mei Wang Mian
The first tree in Xiyan Lake, my home, is blossoming with light ink marks.
don't be boasted of good colors, just keep your breath fresh and dry.
Su Shi, a plum blossom
She's afraid of sleeping alone and staying up late, for fear that the ice won't fit in.
Pretending to be apricot, I'm still lonely and thin.
cold heart is not willing to follow the spring state, and wine faints on the jade muscle for no reason.
I don't know Meg is here, but I look at green leaves and branches.
Xue Baochai sings about Bai Haitang Lin Daiyu and Bai Haitang
Jane smokes and hides the door in the daytime, and hands in hand with the urn to fill the moss basin. Half-rolled curtain covers the door, and the ice is ground into earth and jade as a basin.
The rouge washes out the shadow of autumn stage, and the ice and snow attract the dew to build the soul. Stealing a pear core is three points white, and borrowing a plum blossom soul.
Only when you are pale can you know that a flower is more beautiful, and when you are worried, you can get a jade without a trace. Immortals in the Moon Cave sew their robes, while women in always in my heart in autumn wipe their crying marks. < P > If you want to pay for Bai Di's cleanliness, you will feel faint if you don't speak. Who are you talking to in silence? You're tired of leaning on the west wind.
(According to the thirty-seventh chapter of A Dream of Red Mansions published by Du Fu in December 1996, 2nd edition)
Poems about history and nostalgia
Poems about history and nostalgia are the themes that poets use to chant or comment on historical stories and historical figures when reading historical books or visiting historical sites, and they are integrated into the poet's unique insights, which are based on history and people. Combining the feelings of nature, society and history, or lamenting the rise and fall of dynasties, or lamenting the rapid changes of years, or satirizing the profligacy and shamelessness of those in power, thus showing the author's meditation after reading all the vicissitudes of life, and containing a deep sense of anxiety about nostalgia for the past and hurting the present, it is said to use the cup of the ancients to water his own lei. Representative works include Zhang Jie's Book Burning Pit, Li Shangyin's Jia Sheng, Du Mu's Tiaojiang Pavilion, Du Fu's Shu Xiang, Liu Yuxi's Wuyi Lane, Stone Town and Su Shi's Niannujiao? Nostalgia in Chibi "and Xin Qiji's" Eternal Joy? " Jingkou Beigu Pavilion Nostalgia ",Zhang Yanghao" Alpine Sheep? Tongguan Nostalgia, etc., among which Su Shi's Niannujiao? Red Cliff Nostalgia is a model of this poem.
Poem-chanting has the following characteristics:
(1), borrowing the past to hurt the present, borrowing the past to satirize the present;
(2), poetry has a strong realistic pertinence;
(3) The "people, things, scenery and things" in poetry are just the "media" and catharsis for the author to express his feelings and his own thoughts on history. Therefore, there is a certain distance between the scenery or other people and things in epic poems and the people and things in reality, and they are all "scenes with me", which are used to convey the author's certain ideas and emotions.
Eight Poems on History (Part Six) (Jin) Zuo Si
Jing Ke drinks Yan Shi, and the wine is full of qi and benefits the earthquake. Lamentation and gradual departure mean that there is no one nearby.
although there is no strong man's day, it is also very different from the world. It's not enough to be arrogant and arrogant.
though you are expensive, you regard it as dust. Although the base is self-abased, it is very important.
red-walled Du' ao
The water army has a magnificent plan in the east, and the Yangtze River passes by for thousands of miles.
Zhuge's mind is empty of Han, Cao Zang (3) has no Wu in his eyes,
The soldiers are selling torches, and the east wind is fierce, and jathyapple is lonely in his dreams.
after this unbearable place, the barren alum gull is full of smoke and weeds.
When a guest comes to Huangzhou, or comes from Xiakou West, Wuchang goes to Chibi in the east
, but Zhou Lang is on fire, and Su Zi travels twice
—— Guo Chaozuo's topic
Poems about traveling
Poems about traveling are also called poems about traveling, poems about traveling and poems about wandering. Or describe personal experiences and feelings, or show homesickness, narrative and lyricism. This kind of poems can't be separated from the description of landscapes, so they are also called "poems about landscapes". For example, Du Fu's "Expressing My Feelings at Night" and Ma Zhiyuan's "Qiu Si" can't be regarded as landscape poems.
The common images when expressing thoughts and feelings for relatives are the bright moon, wild geese, letters from home, dreams, etc. We should also pay attention to some special festivals.
The bright moon shines at night (Nineteen Ancient Poems)
The bright moon shines on my bed. Sadness can't sleep, and I wander around with my clothes on.
it's better to return home early, although the guest is having fun. Who should I sue for my worries when I leave home alone?
lead him back into the room, with his dress in tears.
Be careful at night.
Go home late at night, and the cold phosphorus will gather in the soil according to the fireflies.
In the village shop, the moon is muddy and slippery, and the bamboo window leaks the clothes mending lamp obliquely.
Dongpo Su Shi
The rain washed Dongpo, and the moonlight was clear, and the people in the city walked like savages.
don't be afraid to find the right way to the slope, but love the sound of dragging the staff loudly.
the king of Lingxia in the sky at dawn is not transported.
He hunts the south wind and blows the post pavilion, and leads the cable to Lingxia in the sky at night.
I'm used to worrying about Feng Shui, but I only lie down and listen to the thunder in the waterfall beach.
partridge in Yan Jidao
Ten-mile balcony is leaning against the green, and cuckoos are singing in the depths of a hundred flowers. Diligence speaks to pedestrians, not like a warbler taking a second flight. Sleep in a dream, when it clears up. The sound is not as good as the return. Is there no return to the end of the world, and it is impossible to fight for the return date.
Poems about the past
Poems about the past are characterized by expressing the past, expressing one's feelings through the narration of specific events, and expressing one's personal aspirations, hating farewell, longing for the future, leaving sorrow and feeling the time. The author often feels because of one thing, and when he writes a poem, he expresses his feelings.
The main expressions are figurative, symbolic and associative.
representative works include Li Sao by qu yuan, wading into the river, it is hard to go by Li Bai, going into wine, on a Gate-Tower at Youzhou by Chen Ziang, and setting the storm by su Shi. Encounter in the sand lake road, book indignation by Lu You, and so on.
Zhang Ji of Guazhou in the last month
How sad is it to see the new autumn in Jiangtou? Where is China?
heroes hate, ancient and modern tears, and water flows east. Only the fishing rod and the bright moon go to Guazhou.
a night trip to the palace, a dream-sending teacher, Bo Hun, traveled to the land.
Snow Xiao Qing started to sleep in confusion, sleepwalking, and I don't know where. An iron horse has no prestige like water. Xiangguan River: Yanmen West, Qinghai International. Sleeping in the cold lamp, the sound leaks and the moon is tilted. Who knows that he was appointed Hou in Wan Li? Although the temples are broken, the heart is not dead.
Dai Fugu, Fuyuantang, Jiangyin
Looking down at the great river, Wan Li is worried in front of Fuyuantang.
the most bitter thing is that there is no mountain to cover your eyes, and Huainan has the best view of China.
Love Poems
Poems with the theme of love (including mourning) are also called "Love Songs", "always in my heart's Poems", "All the way to Petunia", "Untitled" ("time was long before I met her, but is longer since we parted" Li Shangyin) and "Queqiao Fairy" ("Thin clouds are clever" Qin Guan).
untitled Li shangyin
time was long before I met her, but is longer since we parted, and the east wind has arisen and a hundred flowers are gone.
and the silk-worms of spring will weave until they die, and every night the candles will weep their wicks away.
mornings in her mirror she sees her hair-cloud changing, yet she dares the chill of moonlight with her evening song.
There are no multiple routes from Pengshan to oh blue-birds, be listening!-Bring me what she says!.
Poems of Sorrow (Tang Dynasty) The daughter of Anyifang
was blessed with a summer holiday, and there were many storms in Qiu Jiang.
A night's rain in Baling broke Mulan's heart.
Poems on Palace Complaints
Complaints about Spring Palace (Tang Dynasty) Du Xunhe
knowing beauty my misfortune, I face my mirror with a sigh. To please a fastidious emperor, how shall I array myself??
birds flock and sing when the wind is warm, flower-shadows climb when the sun is high. And year after year girls in the south, are picking hibiscus, dreaming of love.
Palace Yuan Zhen
in the faded old imperial palace, peonies are red, but no one comes to see them.
the ladies-in-waiting have grown white-haired, debating the pomps of Emperor Xuanzong.
Yu Jie resents Li Bai
her jade-white staircase is cold with dew, her silk soles are wet, she lingered there so long.
behind her closed casement, why is she still waiting, watching through its crystal pane the glow of the autumn moon?.
allegorical poem
A poem that exposes the darkness of society and the apathy of the world and expresses the voice of the people or upright people by mocking or persuading. Such as "Shuo", "Cutting Tan" and "Bee" (Tang? Luo Yin), "Light Fat" and "Title Lin 'an Mansion" (Southern Song Dynasty? Lin Sheng), "Drunken Peace" ("those who are greedy for small profits" are anonymous in the Yuan Dynasty) and so on. There are fewer allegorical poems.
official hamster (Tang) Cao Ye
the official warehouse mouse is as big as a bucket and won't leave when people open the warehouse.
The athletes have no food and the people are hungry. Who sent the court into your mouth?
Philosophical Poetry
Poems that convey or expound a certain philosophy by describing and discussing specific things. Some point out the theme, while others don't reveal it, which makes people think about Su Shi's Poems on Xilin Wall and Qin Poetry, and Zhu Xi's Thoughts on Reading Books. In addition, although some poems are not philosophical, some of them are full of philosophy (such as "the mountains are heavy and the water is doubtful, there is no way out, and there is another village", "the green hills can't cover up, after all, they flow east", etc.).
Qin Shi Su Shi
If there is a piano sound on the piano, why not put it in the box?
if the voice is on your fingers, why not listen to it on your fingers?
After passing Yang Wanli, Song Yuan Morning Cooking and Lacquer Shop
Mo Yan went down to the ridge, so it was easy, and he earned the wrong favor of pedestrians.
entering the Wanshan circle, one mountain releases another mountain barrier.
Yong Yu Wei Yingwu
Gan Kun has fine things, but he has no articles.
carving is a tool for the world, and the truth hurts once.
Poems on Paintings
Poems on Paintings come from pictures, but they are not bound by pictures. They often originate from the contents of pictures or their points and are perfunctory. "Poetry conveys the meaning of painting, and it is precious to have the state of painting" (Yang Shen's Poems on Sheng 'an, Volume XIII).
Huang Tingjian
Zi Zhan painted strange bamboos, and when he was a scholar, he increased his front slope to herd cattle, which was very interesting and poetic.
the wild times are small and majestic, and the secluded ones lean against the green. A-tong's three-foot pestle is a way to resist this old man.
Shi Wu loves it very much, so don't send an ox to sharpen his horns! The ox has a good horn, but the ox fights against my bamboo.
Poems that are too old to be tested in terms of author and poetic style are generally called archaic poems. However, we are now used to calling all poems written in classical Chinese ancient poems or ancient poems. The earliest ancient poem is said to be: "Break bamboo, continue bamboo, fly soil and eat meat", which is actually a folk song. It is recorded in Wu Yue Chun Qiu, which is an ancient yanhuang song. According to legend, this "Tange" recorded in "Wu Yue Chun Qiu" is a folk song produced in the era of the Yellow Emperor. It describes the whole process of primitive hunting labor in four short sentences. You see: break the bamboo and cut it down; Continue bamboo, connect the bamboos and make bows and arrows; Flying soil, starting hunting, dusty; Meat by meat, the arrow chased the animal and shot at the prey. Put an original