Why is this culture "tired"?

-Let's look at the third note of the Sino-Japanese War. 1840 years later, the great powers strengthened their ships and guns, repeatedly broke the country and plundered the territory, and smoke was everywhere in China. Just as the imperial court was struggling to cope with the chaos, the former Tongzhi emperor and Wenyuange University scholar, Woren, spoke out bravely and threw out the famous "secret weapon" of "taking loyalty as a armor and courtesy as a stem" ("Interpretation of Confucius' Family Language and Confucianism") to defend against the enemy and protect the species from self-improvement, which caused the Westernization School to shake its head and sigh. The Second Asian University Students Debate Competition was held in Singapore. The final topic is "Can Confucianism Resist Western Evil Wind". The two teams in the final, Fudan University, are opposing teams, and their views are "irresistible"; Taiwan Province University Team is positive, and its viewpoint is "can resist". The result of angry words is-Confucianism, after all, it is difficult to defeat western bad style! Fudan won. At that time, my face was full of vegetables, and I also squeezed into the only black and white TV in the student dormitory and witnessed the live broadcast in sweat. In my impression, gentle Taiwanese college students are unable to cope with the criticism of their opponents who still have a legacy, which leads to heavy losses. In my impression, the students of Fudan Siwan School are quick-thinking, cynical and have dazzling teeth. After many years, people are always hard to let go. This gentleman is the famous advertiser, Mr. Li. He is now busy practicing the topic of "Confucianism", which is unmatched by money worship. Whether it is the pedantry of Japanese benevolence or the young front of Guangdou classmates; No matter the students of National Taiwan University are modest, or the students of Fudan University are furious in the fierce debate ... Over the past hundred years, the west wind has spread to the east, and time flies. Even if they are free, they are still full of enthusiasm. Responsibility, conscience and justice drive the literati in modern China, from humiliation, indignation and self-reproach, to love deeply, to worry and to miss the past. I wrote an article before, which only briefly described the traditional culture I understood, so I might as well pass it by-the so-called China traditional culture, in a broad sense, is the sum of the material civilization and spiritual civilization created by the Chinese nation in China. In a narrow sense, it is the overall lifestyle and value system formed by the evolution of Chinese national civilization. From the perspective of content subdivision, that is, based on self-sufficient natural economy, Confucian classics as the backbone, simple dialectics with strong ethical color as the soul, simple and intuitive fuzziness as the divergent source of Zhouyi as the way of thinking, emphasizing practicality and attaching importance to life, judging by the facts in value, and taking Confucianism as the humanistic thought and social value. Taking Taoism as its cultural attitude and life realm, Buddhism as its moral belief education, Buddhism as its moral belief education, Buddhism as its self-discipline, Buddhism and Taoism as its peers, and Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism as its harmony constitute a unique political, legal and ethical consciousness with stable characteristics, and the social structure is based on respecting the monarch. There are few words about the traditional culture accumulated for thousands of years, which is difficult to outline. What is its "tiredness"? What is "dross"? You can only taste it and talk about feelings and understanding. The first is the way of thinking. Symbol and symbol are two dimensions of the development of human thinking, and the "viewing things and taking images" in Zhouyi laid the foundation for our national image thinking. Personalize the cognition of "symbol" to the outside world, pay attention to grasping the object as a whole on the basis of intuitive synthesis, and strengthen the symbolic tendency in thinking, which has obvious fuzziness, randomness, fuzziness and inaccuracy, promotes the solidification of China people's individual experience and tacit understanding, and seriously inhibits symbolic abstract thinking, thus blocking rational scientific thinking, leading to the confusion between subject and object, confusing cognition, and finally worshiping nature. "Harmony between Heaven and Man" and "Forgetting Me" ... The western traditional way of thinking based on ancient Greek philosophy is based on logical analysis and reasoning, paying attention to the details of cognitive activities, and realizing the subject's cognition of the object along the path of empiricism and rationalism-conquering and transforming nature. The rational spirit of the Enlightenment can be traced back to Greek civilization (in Xu Zhuoyun). Hegel said, "Whoever hides his thoughts in symbols has no thoughts.". The difference between Chinese and western ways of thinking has led to a great division of history. Therefore, the "four great inventions" that we are proud of have ushered in a new era in the western world (Marx said that "gunpowder, compass and printing are the three great inventions that herald the arrival of bourgeois society"), but they have disappeared in China-"gunpowder" has blown the knight class to pieces in the west, and the added value in China is firecrackers during the New Year; The west used a compass to open the world market and establish colonies, but in China, the compass became a geomantic omen. Looking through China's 5,000-year-old cultural classics, the paper is full of vague and obscure phrases such as "Tao is Tao, which is unusual", "Tao is not called, Tao is unknown, but it pretends to be profound and free and easy". From the dialectical treatment of traditional Chinese medicine to the scattered perspective of traditional Chinese painting, the clouds always "understand" rather than "understand". Some time ago, CCTV had a movie "Five Thousand Years of Chinese Characters", which was about the only pictographic Chinese characters in the world. Chinese characters only materialized and interpreted the visual way of thinking of China people. I wonder if the director is complacent. Have you ever been ashamed? Second, Confucianism is exclusive. The basic pattern of traditional culture in China is "three religions and nine streams". "Three religions" are Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism; "Nine streams" refers to nine academic schools in the pre-Qin period, namely Confucianism, Taoism, Yin and Yang schools, Legalists, famous scholars, Mohists, strategists, miscellaneous schools and peasants. During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, sages and sages, a hundred schools of thought contend, a hundred schools of thought contend, ideological emancipation and rapid social progress. Who flourished in China at that time? Among them, Mohist theory, agricultural theory and so on. Have begun to have scientific literacy and practical spirit. Since the Qin and Han Dynasties, the empire has been unified. First, "burn books to bury Confucianism", and then "oust a hundred schools of thought and respect Confucianism alone". Once a statue was banned, thousands of horses were shocked. Since then, Confucianism has dominated the world, and since then, China culture has become synonymous with Confucianism. Confucianism has become a tool of governing the country and a memory of hundred schools of thought's coexistence. Although the pre-Qin Confucianism, the Han Confucianism, and the Song, Ming and Qing Confucianism were constantly changing, the extreme conservatism of Confucianism deeply bound China's ideas of "restoring ancient ways and the doctrine of the mean", the idea of great harmony and benevolent government, the value of "learning to be excellent and being an official", the philosophy of interpersonal relationship of "harmony is precious" and "monarch, minister and son" and so on. For more than 2,000 years, dynasties have changed, and the mountains and rivers have existed from generation to generation. After all, it is difficult to prosper. Social trauma only restores itself like reincarnation. "In essence, the history of China has no history. It is only a repeat of the fall of the king, and there can be no progress "(Hegel). The creativity and innovation that national progress and even evolution depend on are gradually reduced and exhausted in repeated destruction. Yan Fu said that China people "tend to practice outside, but few can practice inside" (A Brief Introduction to Famous Scholars). Today, we still can't build a car with excellent performance and dare to compete with the great powers. We should indulge in the mottled green rust of Dujiangyan two thousand years ago, express our "nostalgia", and drool over it, watching others win the Nobel Prize, while technology is changing with each passing day ... Third, farming culture. Farming culture is also a loess civilization. China people have been clinging to the land for generations and have a strong sense of "homesickness" and "seeking roots". Self-sufficient farming culture is a natural economy that depends on the weather and the ground for food. This small-scale peasant economic foundation naturally breeds the "conservative, narrow and introverted" small-scale peasant consciousness. Moreover, because farming requires precision and patience, it does not need to attack and take risks, and it lacks pioneering and innovative spirit compared with animal husbandry and fishing and hunting. It is the ideal of China people to "promote the politics of rites and music and enjoy the happiness of peace". Since the Tang and Song Dynasties, the civil service system has flourished, which has created the "feminine" cultural character of China people. Some people say that China's traditional culture lacks obvious sexual characteristics, is restrained and weak, tends to be feminine, and it is the highest state to stop fighting for weapons. The Japanese philosopher Uno said that "the people of China are peaceful people and weak people", and Yu also said that there has never been expansion and foreign aggression in the history of the Han nationality, which is true. On the contrary, the farming culture of the Central Plains has suffered several great injuries in history, which is also due to the invasion of the nomadic people Xiongnu, Mongolia and Manchu outside the customs. In the 1980s, there was a famous TV political film, which mentioned that the Great Wall of Wan Li, which China people are proud of, is a typical symbol of defense and self-defense, and is the external materialization of our nation's introversion, conservatism and cowardice. Moreover, compared with the blue ocean civilization, the loess civilization is conservative and backward, and even more clumsy. Marine civilization, characterized by commercial trade, advocates outward expansion, originated from colonialism, and promoted the occurrence of industrial revolution and the development of human civilization. Dominated by Confucianism nourished by loess, China has always been "emphasizing agriculture and restraining business", "benevolent people are just friends, not seeking profit, knowing their ways and not seeking their merits" (Dong Zhongshu's words), and extremely rejecting utilitarianism. Especially in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, a series of cruel policies destroyed the seeds of capitalism in China, which was characterized by silk weaving, salt transportation and finance. In the meantime, the popular Neo-Confucianism in Song and Ming Dynasties advocated "preserving justice and destroying human desires", and even rudely stifled the conscious awakening of human nature as an individual "person" reflected in Jin Ping Mei and other works. Throughout thousands of years, China people have never had "individual" consciousness, let alone "national character" and "citizen consciousness". Without human modernization, how can we talk about social modernization? The strong ideological and political expression of farming culture made modern capitalism in China die before it was short-lived, and the development of the historical stage had to linger. Fourth, the characteristics are stable. The geographical environment of China has its own pattern and has been sheltered by it. Thousands of years of traditional culture can be passed down and relayed. Although there have been several foreign cultural shocks, in the end, outsiders have been assimilated and basically maintained their own stability and continuity. There have been three large-scale cultural exchanges in history. First, during the Han and Wei Dynasties, Buddhism came from the East. Second, in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, Jesuits moved eastward and spread knowledge of astronomical calendar calculation after preaching; Third, modern western learning spread to the east, the content and scale of cultural exchanges were unprecedented, and ideas were liberated as never before. Three cultural exchanges and integration, I think, are the dynamic transformation and self-adjustment of the three historical units of China traditional culture. With its inherent consistency and stability, it has produced great cultural assimilation and transformation. For example, Buddhism introduced into China changed the rule that "Buddhists don't respect the king and worship their parents" and changed it to "serve the king and honor their parents", which gradually became one of the patriarchal ethics systems in society. During the Wei and Jin Dynasties, the embryonic form of Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism was laid, and later it was further transformed into "China Buddhism"-Zen Buddhism; For example, the author of Astronomical Almanac, Kangxi and Siku Quanshu, etc. Finally, I tried my best to prove that it was owned by China because of the Zhou Bi suan Jing, which further psyched the Chinese people and strengthened the "China Origin Theory"; For example, Mr. Feng Youlan once thought that the dispute between Zeng Guofan and Tian Ping was essentially a conflict between the traditional culture of Confucius and Mencius based on human rights and the western culture with theocracy as the political system and Christian righteousness as the spiritual guidance, and finally "the east wind overwhelmed the west wind"; Another example is the spread of western learning to the east in modern times, and various foreign theories and philosophical thoughts roared past in the west. Finally, it was transformed into "China's"; Later, in the May Fourth Movement, it was inevitable that national salvation overwhelmed enlightenment, patriotism became doctrine, and culture turned to politics ... The momentum of "heroes from all over the world entered our country", "enemies must be blocked, and there is water to cover them up" and the assimilation of China culture was staggering. Historically, ethnic minority regimes occupied the Central Plains three times: the Southern and Northern Dynasties, the Yuan Dynasty and the Qing Dynasty. Ding moved, the Central Plains changed its flag, and the Central Plains civilization in turn completed the sinicization transformation of these ethnic groups. I don't know who conquered whom. Therefore, some people say that "national subjugation has not died out" because of the tolerance and assimilation of China's traditional culture. At the end of the Ming Dynasty, "Jiang Zuosan Jie" promoted Neo-Confucianism from the theory of "country" to the theory of "world". Gu said that "knowing the world before knowing the world" and "every man is responsible for the rise and fall of the world" are "China culture". China will survive if culture does not die. Looking at China and foreign countries, regardless of ancient and modern times, apart from the Ganges civilization, which China culture is eternal and super stable? Despite repeated great trauma, the cultural center of gravity can gradually move south in self-defense-there was a "cloakroom crossing south" in Wei and Jin Dynasties, and Song Shichi sent Shi Yang back to Fujian, saying "I learned it from the south". Today, the most complete inheritor of traditional culture is also in Taiwan Province Province (Taiwan Province Province). Because of its unique geographical and political environment, the inheritance of traditional culture is more pure and diligent. The above four items are roughly attributed to the "tiredness" of culture. This kind of "tired" precipitation has been a negative dross for thousands of years. Middle-earth has become increasingly weak, poor and weak, and even lost its power and humiliated the country in the Sino-Japanese War. As the "ordinary people" of social conscience, they are more and more constrained and competing to destroy. Chen Chuanxi, a scholar, listed the pattern of articles in past dynasties, which can explain the variation from the side-articles in the pre-Qin and Han Dynasties were in the universe, articles in the Tang Dynasty flowed like rivers in homes and countries, while articles in the Song Dynasty began to be mostly in one courtyard, one temple, one mountain and one water, while articles in the Ming and Qing Dynasties were transformed into one room and one den. What people write now is even more vulgar, absurd and money-worshipping ... "People's hearts are only in danger, and people's hearts are only in danger." However, in the Spring and Autumn Period, the chivalrous spirit, Confucianism's loyalty, filial piety and honor, later crossed the ocean and blossomed everywhere in the Korean Peninsula and Japan, and was actively recognized as a member of the Confucian cultural circle, claiming to be "the true story of clothes." No wonder Lu Xiufu jumped into the sea. After Wen Tianxiang's death, the smell of rotten scholars became more and more unpleasant. The Japanese dare to say that "there is no China after Cliff Mountain", and they dare to call themselves "Julian Waghann" in the Sino-Japanese War of 1894-1895 ... In modern times, the cultural consciousness and mission of rejuvenating the country and helping the poor have made intellectuals feel worried and "cultural fatigue". Among them are Lu Xun's national lashing, Hu Shizhi's pragmatic moderation, Bai Yang's ridicule and self-humiliation, Li Ao's cynicism, and Fudan National Taiwan University's "Meet the brave in the narrow road and win" ... In today's increasingly hot cultural considerations and the resurgence of Chinese studies, it is promising as a good medicine for society to save people's hearts. As a result, academic swindlers are busy walking the streets for profit, Confucius' face is constantly portrayed and Confucianism is maliciously extended. Today, the word "Confucius" seems to no longer refer to a historical figure, but a symbol of value. It makes sense to talk about rootless pseudo-gifted scholars and let them decorate themselves and worship money. If the ferocious and contemptible tearful and calm people have ulterior motives, they will be "tired" again! No wonder Mr. Du Weiming said-"Today's Confucian traditional research should inherit the critical spirit of the May 4th Movement and resolutely draw a clear line with the reality of authoritarian behavior in the name of respecting Confucius and reading classics". History is the last private garden of scholars. And the memory of history is often enlightening. If we cannot avoid the fate of history, then we have to face up to the indulgence of culture. Therefore, for "cultural fatigue", in the modern context, the above reflection, inventory and combing, as well as the right to re-read in Wu Jia, can only expect to regain self-confident cultural hope.