The waves are like a thousand layers of snow, and the peach and plum trees are like a silent team of spring.
With a pot of wine and a pole of fiber, how many people are there like Nong in the world?
A spring breeze, a boat, a cocoon and a light hook.
Flowers are all over the country, wine is all over the place, and freedom is found in the vast expanse of waves.
——Li Yu's "The Fisherman"
It's hard to imagine that these two "The Fisherman" were written by Li Yu . Most of the late Tang and Five Dynasty poems represented by Huajian poems do not have themes such as singing, feasting, and lovesickness. However, these two poems, "The Fisherman", have an incompatible and independent flavor. Li Yu, who grew up within the high walls of a deep palace, was used to seeing romance, flowers, snow, and moon, and his specialty was the sad flowers in spring and the falling leaves in autumn. It is a bit unexpected that a word like "The Fisherman" appears in the dictionary of his life.
However, this is not surprising.
During the Five Dynasties of the Fang Dynasty, the world was full of hustle and bustle. Idle people and scholars took refuge in the mountains, and there were indeed many who lived as fishermen and woodcutter. Li Yu was a scholar by nature and was lazy in imperial affairs. His ideal of living in seclusion in Daze was not a hypocrisy. The sea is vast and the sky is full of fish leaping, and all kinds of frosty sky compete for freedom. What can make the canary trapped in the cage more envious than the carefree image of the fishermen on the Yanbo River? If you can really imitate that dashing fisherman, fishing in a small boat, offering sacrifices to three rivers, panning the five lakes, enjoying thousands of miles of rivers and sky with a pot of wine and a pole of fiber, there is no need to envy him a restless king in the last days.
Moreover, it is said that these two poems "The Fisherman" were written by Li Yu when he was jealous of his eldest brother Hongji. In his poem, he deliberately described the ideal of living as a fisherman, drinking wine and fishing, and living a carefree life. In fact, he wanted to confess his true feelings to his brother.
The image of the fisherman comes from "The Songs of Chu".
On his way into exile, Qu Yuan took a day trip to a river and pond and walked along the banks of the river. His appearance was haggard and his description was haggard. A fisherman saw him and asked, "You are not from Sanlu, the official! Why is it like this?" Qu Yuan replied, "The whole world is turbid and I am alone pure. Everyone is drunk and I am alone awake. This is why I am free." The fisherman said: "The saint is not stagnant in things, but can move with the world. Everyone in the world is muddy, why don't you clean up the mud and make waves? Everyone is drunk, why don't you feed the bad and wipe out the bad? Why do you think deeply and exalt yourself, and let yourself go?" Qu Yuan Then he replied: "I have heard that those who are newly bathed must flick their crowns, and those who are newly bathed must shake their clothes. How can one be able to examine the body and receive the warmth of things? Would you rather go to the Xiang River and be buried in the belly of a river fish? . How can it be covered with the dust of the world with its bright whiteness? "
The fisherman smiled and sang while he was dancing: "The water in Canglang is so clear that I can hold my tassel on it; The water in the waves is turbid, and I can wash my feet."
Who is in a higher realm, suffering from sobriety and persistence, or drifting with the flow of the world? Maybe it's true that the pure will be pure themselves, and what can I do if the world is muddy?
That’s why I particularly like the green bamboo hats and green coir raincoats in "The Fisherman's Song", and the slanting wind and drizzle don't have to return. Zhang Zhihe, who calls himself Yanbo Fishing Disciple, is erudite and talented. He is good at lyrics, poetry and painting. His temperament is loose and heroic. He has been addicted to the things in the cup for many years. He is straightforward and interesting. He is a wonderful man who truly understands the true meaning of "Fisher Father".
Tang Suzong once rewarded him with one slave each, and he asked them to get married and named them "Yutong" and "Qiaoqing" respectively. It is said that "the fisher boy holds the jun to harvest the fiber, releases the water from the reed, the woodcutter makes the sulan feed the osmanthus, and cooks the tea in the bamboo", which makes the Zen of the landscape enter the ordinary couple, and also has its own fairy atmosphere. Lu Yu and Pei Xiu asked him who he interacted with, and he replied: "Taixu made a room and the emperor lived there, and the moon was a lamp at night to shine together. I haven't said goodbye to the princes from all over the world, so how can I have any contact with you?!" The wonderful meaning here is, It is really more transparent than the words of Bodhi that "there is nothing in the beginning, so how can it be stained with dust". We are a family in heaven and earth, and we can travel around the world. The separation and reunion in life are just like fishing on the river in the early morning, and returning home in the evening to hold candles and talk in the night. There is no need to worry about them for a moment.
When Yan Zhenqing was the governor of Huzhou, he went to visit him in a shabby boat. Yan wanted to build a new boat for him. Above the rivers and lakes, traveling between tea and adventure, this is the wild man's luck!"
Bai Pu's "Drunk in the East Wind" also has "The Fisherman":
< p> Yellow reed bank and white apple ferry, green poplar embankment and red polygonum beach head. Although there are no cut-throat friends, there are friends who forget the opportunity. Spot the egrets and gulls on the Qiu River.
He is proud and kills thousands of nobles in the world, and he is illiterate and fishes for the old man in the mist.
It is a pity that such an awe-inspiring realm cannot be achieved by ordinary people who are trapped in fame and wealth.
Lu You's "Book of the Southern Tang Dynasty" said: During the Five Dynasties of the Fang Dynasty, the world was divided and in chaos. The wise men and gentlemen all led themselves to the mountains and swamps, and made a living by not serving in official positions.
"The Biography of the Hermits of the Southern Tang Dynasty" records that Shi Xubai, Shen Bin, Chen Kuang, etc., were more than a dozen eminent scholars of the time who had far-sightedness, but most of them lived in seclusion and refused to serve as officials because their talents were useless in their early years. He even pretends to be crazy and unrealistic.
When the Central Plains was in chaos, Shi Xubai and Han Xizai went to join Li Ming of the Southern Tang Dynasty. At that time, Li Ming assisted Wu and reused Song Qiqiu. Shi Xubai recommended himself, saying that he could completely replace Song Qiqiu. These words were so arrogant that Song Qiqiu, who was equally arrogant, naturally refused to accept them, so he summoned Shi Xubai to have a banquet. At the banquet, Shi Xuxu made a fool of himself and ordered him to fill out a book, write a poem, write a poem and eulogize on the spot. This requires not only understanding the economics of official career, but also having the ability to be romantic. Shi Xubai was half drunk, and he wrote several articles on the spot. The writer kept stopping writing, and he had written several large and eloquent articles, and the words were upright and upright. All four were impressed, even Song Qiqiu had to accept the defeat.
Shi Xubai has repeatedly offered advice to Li Min. The Central Plains is flowing across the country, and only the Jianghuai River is rich in the world. We should seize the opportunity and drive to conquer the Central Plains. Don't wait for the opportunity to pass, or you will regret it later. Although Li Min loved his talent, he refused to adopt his plan. Shi Xubai was born with a crazy temper, and one of the few who was like this, he took advantage of his illness and left in a fit of anger, and traveled south to Luoxing Bay in Jiujiang, where he retired to the mountains, where he drove a cart every day, hung a wine pot on the cart, and took a bottle of wine with him. The boy in charge, carrying a harp and a wine ladle, traveled to and from Lushan Mountain for him without caring about worldly affairs. In the early years of Baoda, Li Jing recruited celebrities from all over the world, and Han Xizai recommended Shi Xubai to Li Jing. Li Jing gave banquets and asked questions about state affairs, but he always pretended to be deaf and dumb. He only said: He is a man in the grassland, just fishing, and he knows the country's plans. And he actually peed on the stone steps in front of the palace when he was drunk. Li Jing had a good temper. I didn't know that he was pretending to be crazy with wine, but he still praised him: he is a true hermit. Knowing that it is difficult to use, it is best to let it go back to the mountain.
More than ten years later, Li Jing moved his capital to Yuzhang. When he passed by Lize, he met Shi Xubai. Li Jing asked him if he could make a new sentence. He said that he could only use two sentences from "Poetry of Chicken House": The wind and rain uncovered the house, My wife is drunk and doesn’t know. This is clearly a satire on the Southern Tang Dynasty monarchs who ignored state affairs and indulged in pleasure. Yuan Zong's face changed color, but he still gave him generous food and clothing. Xu Xuan and Gao Yue persuaded him: "Sir, if you are not willing to give in, can you let your two sons serve as officials?" Shi Xubai declined and said: "Barbarians have sons. If they are wise, they will establish meritorious deeds and serve the emperor with Taoism. If they are stupid, they will serve as officials." The servants didn't mind if they caught elk for a living to support their mother, and they didn't dare to burden the father." He also refused to be favored by the court. When Shi Xubai was dying, he told his two sons: "There is still a bottle of fine wine given to me by the palace in the cellar. After I die, you should bury this wine and the quinoa staff in my coffin. Do not sacrifice to me in the next four seasons." "From these last words, it can be vaguely seen that Shi Xubai still valued the favor of the royal family.