Arute was born on the first day of July in the fourth year of Xianfeng (1854), two years older than Emperor Tongzhi. His father advocates elegance, is good at calligraphy and painting, is versatile and has high cultural attainments. Empress Xiaozhe was born in such a cultural family, was taught and edified by her father, and had a high cultural accomplishment. It is said in a book that when filial piety was young, Empress Xiaozhe was quiet and wise. Every time she teaches herself, she reads all kinds of books. Rong De is very generous. For a time, all ethnic groups in Manchuria and Mongolia knew that they would be in the palace when choosing a spouse. Influenced by her father, she also wrote beautifully, especially her left hand, which was highly respected by people at that time. There is a poem praising the filial piety and philosophy queen in the Qing Palace Ci:
Empress Yong Tongzhi
Hui's heart is beautiful, and Huahua recalls the beginning of love.
Yu Can turned his back on the country, but he was left-handed in the palace.
Jade refers to Princess Arut and Princess Hesailihara. It means that although I have beauty, I am not as good as the queen of Nakamiya who is good at writing with her left hand. Empress Xiaozhe likes literature and can recite famous Tang poems like flowing water. At ordinary times, she is very calm, unsmiling, never uses rude words, and has a good mother instrument.
However, such an outstanding queen could not please her mother-in-law, Cixi, and was abused and tortured in the palace. Why doesn't Cixi like this daughter-in-law? Things have to start with the establishment of the Tongzhi emperor.
Mother-in-law and daughter-in-law are at odds and abused.
After the big marriage, Arut fell in love with the Tongzhi emperor En. Cixi sees it in her eyes and hates it in her heart. She spread spies in the palace to monitor the young couple's words and deeds. Cixi saw that the Tongzhi emperor seldom went to Huifei Palace, and Huifei was alienated and neglected by the emperor. She was quite dissatisfied, so she called the Tongzhi emperor and said, Hui Fei is virtuous, but she should be treated as soon as possible. The queen is young and has no manners in the palace, so she should always learn. There is no need for the emperor to enter the palace, which will hinder government affairs. Cixi seriously interfered with their husband and wife life. Emperor Tongzhi had to listen to Cixi, but he didn't want to get close to Hui Fei, who he didn't like, so he simply lived alone and worked in the Qing Palace. The newly-married Arut lives alone in the palace, hanging alone and unhappy. Cian often calls her to Zhong Cui Palace to have a heart-to-heart talk with her and comfort her in every way. Emperor Tongzhi respected the queen, and the queen loved her husband more. Arut always smiles when he sees the emperor, but Cixi says that the queen is being sycophantic to confuse her master.
Since she entered the palace, Arut's family has been careful everywhere without any disrespect. However, when Cixi saw her, she was always angry and found fault with everything. Emperor Tongzhi was ill, and Alut was anxious, but he dared not wait on him. Cixi blamed her for being a witch and having no marital feelings. On the deathbed of Tongzhi, Arut secretly went to visit to wipe pus for Tongzhi, and Cixi called her a witch. At this time, I am still flattering, and I will die. Arut is in a dilemma and can't do anything well. According to the chongling Biography, Arute visited the Emperor Tongzhi, shed tears and talked about the loneliness in the palace, suffering from abuse. Emperor Tongzhi comforted her and said: Your patience has an end. These words of the young couple were heard by Cixi, who followed behind and eavesdropped outside. She flew into a rage, immediately broke into the palace, grabbed Arut's hair, pulled it and beat it, and threatened to prepare a big stick to serve. The Tongzhi emperor in the hospital bed tried to save him, but he looked at the queen and suffered * * *, and he was anxious, angry and afraid, and fainted. Cixi spared the Arut family. "Miscellanies of the ruling and opposition since Daoxian County" written by Chongyi contains: On one occasion, Cixi sprouted the idea of abolishing the throne of Arut. Therefore, the fifth brother of Emperor Xianfeng, Prince Yi, who served as the order of Zongren Mansion, was called to discuss this matter. The prince said: If you want to waste it, you can't waste it into the Qing people, except through the Qing people. I dare not be ordered. Cixi wanted to abandon Arut's heart, but she hated Prince Iraq.
Arut is honest and frank, and will not please everyone. She thought she was the queen who got married from Daqingmen. As long as what she does is right, there is no need to flatter and flatter. Moreover, she angered Cixi several times intentionally or unintentionally, which made the contradiction more acute. On one occasion, Arute accompanied Cixi to the theatre and performed an obscene play. She turned around and didn't want to see it. Cixi was tired of telling her and disobeying her, and she hated it. On the one hand, Arut's behavior is disobedient, on the other hand, it also reflects Cixi's lewd and vulgar style, thus deepening her resentment against Arut. People around Arut advised her to please Cixi everywhere, please her, and only by having a good relationship with Empress Dowager Cixi can she keep her seat, otherwise it would be bad for her. Arut said: respect is ok, but it is not. I am welcomed by the Qing people by my ancestors, and I can't be easily shaken. Cixi entered the palace through the draft, and she was most afraid of being mentioned by others through the Daqingmen, which has always been a pain in her heart. Someone secretly told Cixi what Arut said. Cixi flew into a rage and thought it was a deliberate contempt for herself, so she hated Arut even more and had a dead heart.
There are other stories about why Cixi didn't like the Arutes, which finally drove her to the wall.
Some people say that because Arut is the granddaughter of Zheng Qinwang Duanhua. Duan Hua was one of the main members of the eight ministers of Zan township government appointed by Emperor Xianfeng when he died. He was the sworn enemy of Cixi and was later granted the death penalty by the court. Cixi was therefore angry at Arut.
Others said that Cixi heard that Arut was pregnant and was afraid of giving birth to a prince to become an heir. Arut became the empress dowager and could not listen to politics.
Others said that Cixi was afraid that Alut would reveal her secret of violating the imperial edict of Tongzhi Emperor, so she was executed.
The mystery of arut's death
In the 13th year of Tongzhi (1874), on December 5th, the Tongzhi emperor died young. 14 days later, the Empress Dowager issued an imperial edict: The Empress was appointed Emperor of the Great Line and Kun Yi was appointed Queen of Jiashun. On February 20th, the first year of Guangxu (1875), Arute died in Palace of Gathered Elegance at the age of 22, only 75 days after the death of Emperor Tongzhi.
There are two reasons for Arut's death: First, there is no backer, and life is a long way to go in Xiu Yuan. Emperor Tongzhi is Arut's only backer and hope. When Emperor Tongzhi was alive, he was also abused by Cixi. When the Emperor Tongzhi died, the backer fell down, and the hope of life was shattered. Second, the situation is embarrassing. After the death of Emperor Tongzhi, Cixi did not make an heir for him, but made his cousin Zai (who was also Cixi's nephew) the heir to the throne, and his son inherited Emperor Xianfeng, which made Arut's position as the empress dowager embarrassed and lost her original power and aristocratic status. After the establishment of Emperor Guangxu, Alut's position will be even more embarrassing, which has never appeared since the Qing Dynasty, and objectively pushed Alut to a dead end.
On the day of Arut's death, the Empress Dowager of the two palaces told the cabinet: Queen Jiashun was appointed as the great emperor in the eleventh year of Tongzhi, and was in the middle palace. She is gentle and honest, and I am close to Tan Yingjiao, Queen Mother J, and I am obedient to Yan Shun. Last year1February, Yulong, the great emperor of dysmenorrhea, was a guest, and the dysmenorrhea was so serious that she was addicted to it. This is the official cause of death announced by the Qing court, but it is vague and unconvincing.
Arut is only 22 years old, and he is not sick at ordinary times. How could he die suddenly? Obviously not a natural death. There were different opinions about how she died at that time. To sum up, there are four kinds of statements:
Swallow gold and die. This statement is quite extensive and has great influence.
Die of hunger strike. Mr. Li Hongzao's Chronicle: Hunger Strike after Collapse. This view is also held in the Draft of Qing History and Notes of Yongqing.
Swallow opium and die. Outdoor Ji of Qing Dynasty holds this view.
Die of poison. "De Zongcheng Children's Private Training" is so recorded.
Either way, it was suicide. It is said that before Arut committed suicide, her father Chongqi visited her in the palace. Seeing my daughter in Lacrimosa all day, my eyes were swollen with pain, so I called Cixi and asked what to do. Cixi said: The queen is so sad that she can go with the emperor. It means that the queen can be martyred. At this time, it happened that my daughter wrote a note and asked her what to do now, and rushed her to approve a dead word on the note. A few days later, Arut died.
Husband and wife share the same hole, and it will be a disaster after burial.
After Arut's death, because Hui Ling of Tongzhi Emperor had just been built in Kyrgyzstan, she and Zigong of Tongzhi Emperor temporarily settled in Long Fu Temple in Dongling. On September 18th, the first year of Guangxu (1875), Emperor Guangxu personally escorted Zigong to Long Fu Temple in Dongling, where he stayed for three and a half years.
Build a mountain ridge. According to the national custom of feudal society, after the new emperor ascended the throne, a mausoleum should be built within 1000 years. However, during the reign of Emperor Tongzhi 13, Hui Ling was buried with the Emperor Tongzhi before her death and never mentioned the mausoleum. It was not until the Tongzhi emperor died and was in urgent need of burial that Cixi had to send ministers to choose the mausoleum site for the Tongzhi emperor in Dongling and Xiling. In more than two months, Minister Du Xiang and his Feng Shui officials visited the mountains and rivers of Dongling and Xiling. After repeated comparison and screening, they finally think that the double valleys in Dongling and the Jiulong Valley in Xiling are the best feng shui.