What are the problems in land use in China?

1) Deforestation is serious. China has a large mountainous area, high mountains and deep valleys, and the stability of cultivated land in high slope areas is relatively poor, and the comprehensive utilization rate is not high. People living in these places, because of the difficult conditions, uneven development of cultivated land and population, have a prominent contradiction between people and land in many places. In order to survive, they adopt irresponsible "development" methods: first, at the expense of destroying the natural environment, they wantonly destroy forests for land reclamation in exchange for means of production and living; Second, the guerrilla mode of "shooting one gun for another place" is extremely obvious: open up wasteland on this hill for several years, and when the soil fertility declines, abandon the land, and then continue to develop and cultivate on another hill in this way. Repeated and vicious cycle farming methods have seriously damaged the ecology, caused serious soil erosion and posed a serious threat to the balance of land resources, environment and ecology.

(2) The phenomenon of illegal land use for building houses by rural villagers is serious. Due to historical and geographical factors, especially most ethnic minorities live in remote and backward mountainous areas, the harsh environment has great constraints on the economic development of these areas. Therefore, for the development of individuals and families, many villagers have moved out of the mountains and built new houses along roads with relatively superior conditions and riverbeds with relatively wide and good farming conditions. Some of these residential land are allocated to them by the production team, and some are barren hills with responsibility. Without these conditions, villagers have to resort to private transactions and other illegal land transactions to obtain land for building through personal feelings or the transfer of land use rights by both parties. Article 62 of the Land Management Law stipulates: "Rural villagers can only own one homestead, and the area of the homestead shall not exceed the standards set by provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government." "Rural villagers should build houses in line with the overall planning of land use in towns and villages, and make the best use of the original homestead and residential land in the village." However, due to the lack of legal awareness or weak legal awareness, it is not uncommon for the villagers who moved out to seize or occupy more sites and occupy good sites to build houses. What's more, wealthy farmers have built many houses for the benefit of future generations. These construction land qualifications are generally not obtained through legal procedures, which change the use of collective land without permission and cause serious damage to the state and collective land resources.

(3) Private processing enterprises are increasingly polluting the land environment. China has fertile land, rich agricultural products and mineral deposits, and rich energy resources such as electricity, which is very suitable for developing processing industry. Since the 1990s, driven by the interests of the market economy, enterprises engaged in various small and medium-sized agricultural products and mining processing industries in some areas have successively landed in Longlin, which has promoted economic development to varying degrees. However, because these processing enterprises only consider personal interests in a small scope, they are mercenary and do not consider the negative impact of processing industry on the local environment. In addition, due to the lack of pollution treatment facilities, the emission of smoke and sewage can not be controlled, polluting a large area of land. The growth of crops near the factory is damaged to varying degrees, and the output is reduced. Many fruit trees can't bear fruit, which hinders the local people from increasing their income and improving their living standards.

(D) Rural construction planning is in serious confusion. There is an obvious problem in rural areas, that is, there is no planning for the construction of villages and towns, and villagers' houses are built indiscriminately. How to arrange housing construction, how much area and construction site are needed are all decided by the builder according to the so-called "feng shui", and no one else can interfere. Because of the phenomenon of free choice and unlimited building scale, many collective land is occupied by private individuals, or the good land is used as a homestead and the use of cultivated land is changed privately. It is a wise decision to change the present situation of scattered residence and carry out centralized construction in villages and towns in a planned way, which is one of the leading construction forms advocated by the state. The purpose is to make people get rid of the old common form of building houses, rationally arrange the use of land and avoid the phenomenon of private occupation of collective land. However, due to the immature conditions for popularizing land use planning in rural areas, farmers' understanding of land use planning is still very lacking, and their own behavior is still very common, regardless of long-term serious traditional concepts, and the government's legal publicity work cannot keep up. Therefore, it is an inevitable factor not to occupy land or transform infrastructure as planned, to be eager for success blindly and to destroy land resources.