Wentangxia is also called Wentangxia, and she also has a name called Dongyang Gorge. It is called Dongyang Gorge because it is close to Dongyang Ancient County (now Dongyang Town) in the Southern Dynasties. In the prosperous Tang Dynasty, Dongyang became a city, also known as Dongyang City. Therefore, many historical events in Wentangxia will involve Jinyun Mountain, Dongyang Ancient County and Dongyang City.
On both sides of Wentang Gorge, the North Shore Mountain is called Xishan Ping, the South Shore Mountain is called Dongshanping, and the whole mountain range is called Jinyun Mountain. Jinyun Mountain is the main mountain range in the main urban area of Chongqing and Beibei District. The mountain range stretches 100 km, passing through Hechuan District, Beibei District, Shapingba District and Bishan District, and the end of the mountain range reaches Jiangjin Yangtze River. The nine main peaks of Jinyun Mountain are all above 800 meters above sea level, and the highest point, Tanzishi, is 95 1 meter above sea level.
Jinyun Mountain was called Bashan in ancient times. According to legend, the name of Jinyun Mountain has a history of more than 4,000 years, because it is related to the legend of Xuanyuan Huangdi. In this way, Xuanyuan Huangdi is well-deserved as the first god of Wentang Gorge in the Three Gorges of Jialing River!
First, the heads of emperors are all great gods.
1, Xuanyuan Huangdi, a five-star top god.
Xuanyuan Huangdi is listed as the first god, because Xuanyuan Huangdi is the ancestor of the Chinese nation. Ancestors here have three meanings, one of which is genetic ancestors, that is, everyone in the Chinese nation has the genes of Xuanyuan Huangdi. Second, the ancestor of cultural inheritance, that is, our national habits all contain the characteristics of Chinese culture. The third is the spiritual symbol of our Chinese nation. China people's worship of dragon totem contains the color of recognition of Emperor Xuanyuan.
The myths and legends of Xuanyuan Huangdi in Jinyun Mountain are quite rich, which can be summarized into ten aspects:
(1) Emperor Xuanyuan once made an alchemy in Jinyun Mountain (Xuanyuandong said).
(2) Emperor Xuanyuan used medicine in Jinyun Mountain (Huangdi Neijing mentioned that Jinyun Mountain is a mountain in Cuba).
(3) Emperor Xuanyuan once had a big banquet in Jinyun Mountain, where immortals gathered together ("Jinyun" originally meant delicious food).
(4) There are descendants of Jinyun, an important official of Xuanyuan Emperor (Xuanyuan Emperor is in the blood of Ba people).
(5) Emperor Xuanyuan once conferred an official title in Jinyun Mountain. ("Jinyun" is a rank)
(6) Emperor Xuanyuan invited courtiers to bathe in the hot springs at the foot of the mountain. There are also entertainment and leisure factors.
(7) The saying that Emperor Xuanyuan ascended to heaven (became immortal) in Jinyun Mountain.
(8) Emperor Xuanyuan punished eight people, including Jinyun's incompetent scholar, Jinyun's chaos and Gao Xin's incompetent scholar, and exiled nine of them here to defend Shan Gui in all directions.
(9) Emperor Xuanyuan ordered eight people, including Jinyun and Gao Xin, to be gifted scholars, and nine people to be here.
(10) Emperor Xuanyuan and his ministers are talking about Jingshan and Taoism.
In ancient books, there are four sayings about "Jinyun Mountain", one of which is through historical records? Reflected in the encyclopedia of five emperors. Emperor Xuanyuan regarded "Jinyun" as a kind of official position, that is, after defeating Yan Di the Great, Chiyou and Gonggong, Emperor Xuanyuan ushered in world peace, and he was delighted to give the first parcel to the hero. It is said that he was named after the color of the cloud, and the official with red in the red was called Jinyun, whose duty was to be in charge of the military.
Secondly, in Shan Hai Jing, the name of Jinyun is chaos, which is an evil. There is also a book saying that Jinyun is not a talented person called gluttony, but also a fierce and hungry god. Therefore, the folk view that "Jinyun Mountain" is a mountain punished and exiled by Emperor Xuanyuan.
Thirdly, according to the Taoist scriptures, the clouds reflected by the fire when Emperor Xuanyuan was alchemy were called "Jinyun Mountain" and the mountains with clouds were called Jinyun Mountain. Of course, the place where Emperor Xuanyuan made an alchemy was the place called Jinyun Mountain.
Fourthly, in the ancient medical book Huangdi Neijing, the process of Xuanyuan Emperor's consultation with doctors was called "combined medicine", because the mountain where Xuanyuan Emperor combined medicine was called Jinyun Mountain.
The above is the classical traditional view of "Jinyun Mountain". Does this coincide with Jinyun Mountain in Wentang Gorge of the Three Gorges of Jialing River?
In fact, a little comparison will reveal that Jinyun Mountain fully conforms to the above ancient books.
According to the Ming Dynasty's Zhong Shuguang Ji, there is an ancient monument in the Liu and Song Dynasties on Jinyun Mountain, named "Lingcheng Houbei". Because inscriptions cannot be tested or explained, most legends now come from statements recorded in inscriptions. It is said on the tablet that Jinyun Mountain came from Kyushu, a big place before the Yellow Emperor. At that time, Jinyun Mountain's family had a scholar's family, and Gao Xin's family had eight scholars, who voted for Ba 'an to ward off evil spirits.
Who is "Ling Chenghou" cannot be inferred now.
It is also said that ancient temples in Jinyun Mountain in the Ming Dynasty, such as Yin Da Temple, Shihua Temple and Baiyun Temple, all have stone tablets uploaded. There is Xuanyuan Cave in the cliff rock to the east of Jinyun Mountain, which is the place where Xuanyuan Emperor made an alchemy, just like the alchemy fire will dye the mountain clouds red or red. So this mountain is called Jinyun Mountain, which is the mountain where Xuanyuan Emperor made an alchemy.
In addition to this ancient stone tablet may be legendary evidence, there are some official documents or celebrity books that can prove that the relationship between Jinyun Mountain and Xuanyuan Emperor is by no means an unfounded fabrication:
There are three other people who wrote about the "Jinyun Mountain" in Jialing River. These three people are great celebrities after the Southern Dynasties, Qi Dynasty and Liang Dynasty. The first person should be a famous Taoist, medical scientist, writer and political adviser in Liang Dynasty. He is a celebrity known as "Prime Minister in the Mountain". His name is Tao Hongjing (456 536). Liang Shu? In Wen Yi, he chose his famous poem Narcissus Fu. The famous sentence in this article is: "Zengcheng is far away from the view, Jinyun Qiongque, Huangdi worships the gods, and" Fangxing wins the orchid "is called Bashan ..." In this poem, it is written that Emperor Xuanyuan gave a banquet in Jinyun Mountain and talked and laughed with the gods in the sky. This article also happened to appear on the ancient monument of Jinyun Mountain. It is said that Tao Hongjing walked through many famous mountains and rivers in his life, and he went to Jinyun Mountain. Legend has it that Liang Wudi secretly went to Jinyun Mountain after reading this article. This is the legend that Liang Wudi killed apes in Jinyun Mountain.
It is particularly stated here that there is a clear historical record: In the first year of Song Jingping (AD 423), the monk Ci Ying started the mountain and built the Jinyun Mountain Temple and Wenquan Temple at the foot of the mountain. In the first year of Jianwu in the Southern Qi Dynasty (AD 494), Dongyang County was established in the Southern Qi Dynasty to administer Danyang County. (now Dongyang Town, Beibei). Dongyang County was abandoned in the Zhou Dynasty after the Qi and Liang Dynasties. Dongyang City was established in the prosperous Tang Dynasty, and Wentang Gorge is also called Dongyang Gorge.
Shen Yue (44 1 5 13) was the second person to write Jinyun Mountain in the Liang Dynasty. The official book mentioned Jinyun Mountain, which was the first magistrate of Dongyang County in the Liang Dynasty. He was also a famous figure, calligrapher, writer and historian in Liang Dynasty, and a close friend of Liang Wudi Xiao Yan. When he was the magistrate of Dongyang County, he wrote down the county appearance of Dongyang County, and the geographical and cultural profiles of natural Jinyun Mountain and Wentangxia were also included in his historical records.
The third person who wrote Jinyun Mountain in Liang Dynasty was Wu Jun (469 520). He is also a famous historian and official celebrity in Liang Dynasty. He also wrote a history book called "Spring and Autumn Annals of Wu Jun", which he wrote after the Spring and Autumn Annals of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty. The so-called "Thirteen Footprints of Ye Jia Ancient Buddha" by Jiu Feng in Jinyun Mountain is from this book, and he wrote the names of Jiu Feng in Jinyun Mountain in great detail.
In addition to history books, the Tang Dynasty Buddhist history book "Gan Lutong" also mentioned Jinyun Mountain many times, saying that there is an ancient temple called Acacia Temple on this mountain, a sutra depository on Lion Peak Rock, and the footprint of ancient Buddha in Ye Jia on Jiu Feng. Therefore, it is also confirmed that Jinyun Mountain is the mountain on the Wentang Gorge of the Three Gorges of Jialing River, and it is also confirmed that "Jinyun" is related to Xuanyuan Huangdi. Another book directly said that Xuanyuan Huangdi alchemy cave was called Jinyun Mountain and the mountain was called Jinyun Mountain.
All of the above shows that Jinyun Mountain is closely related to Xuanyuan Huangdi, but there is still a question here. Is Jinyun Mountain the only place where the first Xuanyuan Huangdi was an alchemist? Second, if Xuanyuan Huangdi practiced Dandi Jinyun Mountain.
In fact, there are such strange things in the world. In ancient times, there were two places called Jinyun Mountain. Once in Jinyun County of Xijiang River, a mountain called Xiandu. This Xiandu Mountain was called Jinyun Mountain in ancient times. Legend has it that Xiandu Mountain in Jinyun County is the place where Xuanyuan Huangdi ascended to heaven. Surprisingly, Jinyun County belongs to Dongyang City and was called Dongyang County in ancient times. What's really amazing is that Liang Wudi and Xiao Yan, historian Shen Yue, historian Wu Jun, Taoist Tao Hongjing and other great writers in the Liang Dynasty were almost all from Jiangsu and Zhejiang, and most of them lived near Jinyun and Xiandu in Dongyang, Zhejiang. It can be said that it is impossible to have a close relationship with Jinyun Mountain on the Wentang Gorge of the Three Gorges of Jialing River, because the two places are thousands of kilometers apart, not to mention there are tens of thousands of miles of Qian Shan waters in the middle.
But in fact, it does prove that the Jinyun Mountain written by several great writers in Liang Dynasty is more a detailed description of Jinyun Mountain on Jialing River. For example, although the ancient name of Xiandu was called Jinyun Mountain, it didn't exist until the Sui and Tang Dynasties. In addition, Xuanyuan Huangdi's alchemy theory is the content of Taoist mythology, and the birthplace of Taoism is in Pakistan, that is, Cuba and Baxian after Qin and Han Dynasties. The earliest rise of Taoism was called Pentecostalism, and the real preacher was Zhang Daoling, the descendant of Sean, the counselor of Emperor Gaozu Liu Bang. Liu Bangshou, the emperor gaozu of Han Dynasty, was the Hanwang, that is, after the battle between Chu and Han in Hanshui River Basin, Liu Bang was weak and had to move to Daba Mountain area. Xiao He is delivering soldiers and grain to Liu Bang in Pakistan. After Liu Bang proclaimed himself emperor, Sean lived in seclusion.
At the end of the Han Dynasty, Zhang Daoling, his descendant, used the prestige of the Pakistani people to vigorously promote the theory of Huang Lao. Yellow is Xuanyuan Huangdi. Always Lao Zi in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. In order to preach, Christians can become Taoist priests by paying five dou meters. Taoism believes in immortality or soaring to heaven to become immortal, and the purpose of Taoism is to cultivate self-cultivation through alchemy. Obviously, Jinyun Mountain has long been an alchemy gathering place where Ba people believe in Taoism. On the other side of Jinyun Mountain in Wentang Gorge of the Three Gorges of Jialing River, it is located in the east, where the sun rises, where the Ba people are most prosperous and where the Ba people gather the most, so it is called "Danyang" and also called Dongyang. Dongyang soon became a city when the construction of Jinyun Temple and Wenquan Temple began at the top and bottom of Jinyun Mountain in the Southern Dynasties. Soon, Nanqi established Dongyang County, the first administrative region on Jialing River, which administered Danyang County. The county government and the county government office are located in Dongyang County (now Dongyang Town). At this time, Jinyun Mountain and Jialing River Three Gorges are under the jurisdiction of Dongyang County.
Compared with Jinyun Mountain on the Wentang Gorge of the Three Gorges of Jialing River and Danyang County of Dongyang County. As an ancient country in Dongyang, wuyue during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, there is a difference of 108,000 miles between Jinyun County and Xiandu in the origin of Taoism. Moreover, Xiandu Mountain is less than 300 meters above sea level, which is six or seven hundred meters shorter than the nine main peaks of Jinyun Mountain on Jialing River. Obviously, it is not at the same level as the Taoist theory of cave. According to the investigation, Dongyang County or Danyang, Zhejiang Province was established by the State of Wu during the Three Kingdoms period and was later abolished. In other words, there were no Dongyang County and Jinyun Mountain in Liang Wudi during the Southern Dynasties. Xiandu Mountain, Jinyun County and Dongyang County in Zhejiang Province were all established during the Sui and Tang Dynasties. In the prosperous Tang Dynasty, Wentang Gorge was called Dongyang Gorge, and Dongyang County was renamed Dongyang City.
Tao Hongjing, Shen Yue and Wu Yun, great literati in the Liang Dynasty and Xiao Yan, Liang Wudi, mentioned Jinyun Mountain and Jinyun Mountain, but in fact they can only be Jinyun Mountain and Dongyang County on Jialing River, while Jiu Feng in Jinyun Mountain on Jialing River only has Baota Peak, censer Peak, Lotus Peak and Lion Peak. From the details of mountain landform, it is consistent with Jinyun Mountain in Chongqing.
According to the legend of Xuanyuan Huangdi in Jinyun Mountain, Chongqing Jinyun Mountain should be one of the "caves" of Taoism, or the birthplace of Taoism, but in the end, Chongqing Jinyun Mountain has become one of the top ten famous Buddhist mountains. In fact, if you study the Jinyun Mountain in Chongqing carefully, you will find its clue, which means that Buddhism and Taoism have been competing for influence. Taoism wants to turn Jinyun Mountain into a Taoist mountain on the grounds that "Xuanyuan Huangdi has an alchemy cave". Buddhism, on the other hand, wants to make Jinyun Mountain a famous Buddhist mountain on the grounds of "there are thirteen footprints on Jiu Feng, an ancient Buddha in Ye Jia" and "there are scriptures on Lion Mountain". For this reason, the two sides fought for each other and even used imperial relations again and again. For example, the legend of "Ling Chenghou" may be the title of the first Taoist priest and the first Taoist temple he built. However, the Buddhists refused to accept it, saying that the first monk in Jinyun Mountain to build Jinyun Mountain Temple was Ci Ying, which influenced the pythons, chickens and cows on the mountain. Subsequently, several Taoist priests in Jinyun Mountain successfully prayed for rain, and Tang Gaozong Li Yuan gave the Taoist altar a scene of "Zen Palace". Buddhism refused to accept it and encouraged Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty to name it Acacia Temple. In the Song Dynasty, Song Zhenzong Feng Huihuan was a Ciyin Master, Jinyun Temple was a Chongsheng Temple, and Wenquan Temple was a Chongsheng Temple. In the Ming Dynasty, three emperors named Jinyun Temple. Finally, Emperor Ming Shenzong decided to call Jinyun Mountain "Ye Jia Ancient Buddha Dojo". Since then, Jinyun Mountain has become one of the top ten famous Buddhist mountains, and all the temples in Jinyun Mountain are Buddhist temples.
However, a Taoist priest appeared in Jinyun Mountain. His name is Li Yichang. For some reason, he rebuilt Long Shao Temple and Baiyun Temple into Taoist temples and restored the legend of Xuanyuan Huangdi. For example, Baiyun Temple was changed to Baiyun Temple, which is said to be under Xuanyuan Cave. Another wonder is that Chen Tuan's bodhi old zu once closed in Xuanyuan Cave. After correction, when Baiyun Temple was rebuilt, it was found that the name of the Later Zhou Dynasty and the historical relics of Chen Tuan's bodhi old zu were on the beams of the ancient temple. I also found that Baiyun Temple was originally a Taoist temple. Because it is said that Emperor Wenjian once lived in seclusion here, Buddhism changed it into a Buddhist temple.
Haha, Jinyun Mountain has also become the legendary basis for the dispute between Buddhism and Taoism. According to Buddhists, the ancient Buddha in Ye Jia first settled in Jinyun Mountain. Taoism said that "Jinyun Mountain" originally meant the cave where Xuanyuan Huangdi was an alchemist. I guess Buddhism can't derogate from Emperor Xuanyuan, so I have to say that Emperor Zhenwu lost the debate between Ye Jia and the ancient Buddha, and he was embarrassed to cross to Zhenwushan in chongqing nanshan to preach.
In fact, having said so much, no matter who comes to blow the Jinyun Mountain, it is inseparable from the roots of the Yellow Emperor, otherwise there is no way to talk about the "Jinyun". Of course, Xuanyuan Huangdi is not only the great god and general god of the Three Gorges of Jialing River, but also the first great god of China and even the whole Chinese nation!