According to the record of Beihai Place Name 1986, Weizhou Island belonged to Hepu County in Han Dynasty and Leizhou Shenchuan Inspection Department in early Tang Dynasty. Because the border between Song and Yuan Dynasties remained unchanged, in the 31st year of Yuan Dynasty (A.D. 1294), Weizhou Inspection Department was established in Suixi County. Twenty-eight years (AD 1600), the guerrilla department moved to Yongan station in Hepu County, Lianzhou.
Since then, Weizhou has been under the dual jurisdiction of Lei and Lian. From the first year of Kangxi to the eleventh year of Jiaqing in Qing Dynasty (A.D. 1692- 1806), Weizhou Island residents were forced to move inward three times, and the administrative agencies stationed in the island were cancelled, but there were still a few' squatters' living here. Military management is under the responsibility of xuwen county Haianying Guerrilla, Leizhou and Longmen Association of Hepu County in Lianzhou, and patrols twice a year.
In the last years of Xianfeng (A.D. 1860), 400 mainlanders came to settle on the island in order to escape the war, regardless of hardships and the government's ban. In the sixth year of Tongzhi (AD 1867), in view of the fact that the local houses on the island had become a reality, the government reopened the island ban and moved the boatmen and tourists of Leilian to the island.
At this point, the island, which had been abandoned for hundreds of years, was revived. At that time, the French Catholic forces took the opportunity to build a church in Tangsheng Village, and then one in Chengzai and one in Xieyang Island, which was the earliest Catholic base in the pre-Qin area.
Tang Sheng Church is a Gothic building, which still exists today. The following articles are compiled from the information I collected on this website, hoping to help netizens understand the story of Weizhou in more detail.
If there are any errors in the information, please also ask Han Hai. You can leave a message on WeChat, and this website can modify the information after giving proof. A seal has been banned for more than a hundred years. From a thief hole on a desert island to the Beibu Gulf, Weizhou Island is the most beautiful island here, and pearls have been abundant since ancient times. The resident population of the island is about10.6 million, and there are more than 90 surnames among the indigenous people, which constitutes the phenomenon of different surnames living in rural areas.
The earliest "islanders" on the island are Hakkas from Fujian, and Hakka dialect is still one of the commonly used dialects on the island. The climate on the island is warm, and the annual average temperature is 2-3℃ higher than 23℃ in Beihai. Fertile land and abundant fresh water resources are very suitable for the growth of crops such as bananas, sugar cane, peanuts and tropical fruits.
From the first year of Kangxi in Qing Dynasty to Jiaqing 1 1 year (1692-1806), residents of Weizhou Island moved in three times, and the administrative agencies stationed in the island were abolished. In the Qing dynasty, a "sea ban" was set up here and was ordered to "never open", but people still took root here one after another.
It was not until the sixth year of Tongzhi (1867) that the island ban was reopened and the boatmen and tourists from Leizhou and Lianzhou were moved to the island. In the early years of the Qing Dynasty, in order to cut off the connection between Zheng Group in Taiwan Province Province and the mainland, the Qing court imposed a sea ban, and all coastal residents moved inward 15~25 km, prohibiting merchant ships from going to sea privately.
In the eighteenth year of Shunzhi (166 1), the "border relocation order" was issued to implement coastal immigration. In the first year of Kangxi (1662), the Qing court ordered the residents of 24 counties along the coast of Guangdong, including Qinzhou and Hepu, to extend outward for 25 kilometers, and removed all the nearby islands and ports (except Macao).
This situation lasted until the 19th year of Kangxi (1680), when the San Francisco Rebellion was basically put down, the defeat of Zheng Group at sea was decided, and the "order to move the frontier" began to relax and came to an end. Mainland immigrants just sneaked into Weizhou Island, and established four villages, namely Potang, Shanghenglushan, Xiahenglushan and Shuihukou, with a distance of no more than 65438+. This is the first stage of immigration.
In the 11th year of Jiaqing (1806), Zhang Baozai, Zheng Yisao and other anti-Qing boat people armed forces took Weizhou Island as their foothold, and the Qing court moved the islanders inward again, and in the 25th year of Jiaqing (1820), a monument was erected and banned, and troops and ships were often sent to search. During the 100 years of the ban, Weizhou was basically in a barren state, and the immigration process was forced to be interrupted. However, there are also many immigrants who have sneaked into the island to build villages, such as Zouwu, Qiuwu and Bankuchong.
In the fourth year of Xianfeng (1854), clan struggles between indigenous people and Hakkas occurred in parts of Guangdong, Fujian and other provinces, and Li, Chen, Ruan, Dai, Huang, Zhong, Jiang and Deng fled to Weizhou. Since then, the population of Weizhou has increased greatly. In the last years of Xianfeng (1860), 400 mainlanders came to settle on the island to escape the war, regardless of hardships and the government's ban.
"Qin County Records" of the Republic of China records: "Hakka people have moved one after another, because it is difficult to describe. In the early years of Guangxu, Enping and Kaiping fought with each other, and the imperial edict ordered Huang, Dai, Gu and Zhang to come to Qin in large numbers, which was called Hakka. " "In Weizhou Island in Beibu Gulf, there are 1580 permanent residents, 80% of whom are Hakkas. They moved to the island in the struggle between natives and tourists in the late Qing Dynasty, and now many dialects are popular on the island."
1863- 1865, a large number of Hakka immigrants from Guangdong, Guangxi and Fujian moved to the island. The first settlers built villages in Baidailiao in the southeast, Beibeitang in the northwest and the south of Tangsheng in the northeast. Later settlers chose to build villages near the original villages, while the rest were scattered like ink in the northeast, north, northwest and southwest of the island. A large number of Hakka immigrants have stabilized the Hakka cultural system in Weizhou Island, and Hakka has become the main ethnic group on the island, and Hakka culture has also become the dominant culture in Weizhou Island. The spread of Hakka dialects has naturally increased, and the language sites that used to spread like ink stains have merged and covered a wide area, becoming the distribution area of Hakka dialects today.
In the sixth year of Tongzhi (1867), in order to increase taxes, the French priest and the Qing governor Zhang Shuqing played an ensemble, reopened the Weizhou ban in the Qing court, and moved the boatmen from Leizhou and Lianzhou to the island. In the same year, French priest Tsos led 1000 more than 0,000 Cantonese Hakkas who were displaced due to clan struggles to land on the island, settled in Jinshengtang and Chengzai Village, and later built churches in Tang Sheng, Chengzai and Xieyang Island.
Since then, a small-scale settlement street in Weizhou Island has gradually formed and eventually incorporated into the national administrative system, and Catholic culture has begun to spread and spread on the island. The immigrants in Weizhou Island gradually legalized, and the establishment of the official system on the island was formally put on the political agenda.
Around the 20th year of Guangxu (1894), Weizhou Island was officially placed under the jurisdiction of Hepu County, Lianzhou Prefecture, and moved to Xiancheng and Yongan Division for inspection. In May of the 28th year of Guangxu (1902), Mo Tao, Governor of Guangdong and Guangxi, set up another "Weizhou Dunsi Inspection" in Hepu County, and at the same time, "Longmen Division Ship often sent one.
2. What is the history of Weizhou Island? Weizhou Island has been recorded since the Tang Dynasty, and it has been recorded in the Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties.
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Weizhou Island is located in the middle of Beibu Gulf in Beihai City, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, bordering Beihai City in the north, Leizhou Peninsula in the east, Xieyang Island in the southeast, Hainan Island across the sea in the south and Vietnam in the west. Weizhou Island covers a total area of 24.74 square kilometers, with the highest elevation of 79 meters.
Weizhou Island is an island formed by volcanic eruption, with marine erosion, marine deposition and lava. Known as "Penglai Island", it is the youngest volcanic island in China and the largest island in Guangxi.
Weizhou Island belongs to Hepu County in Han Dynasty and Shenchuan Inspection Department in Leizhou in early Tang Dynasty. Weizhou Island was established in the 31st year of Yuan Dynasty (A.D. 1294) because the border between Song and Yuan Dynasties remained unchanged.
In the early Ming dynasty, it was still the state capital. In the seventh year of Hongwu (AD 1374), the patrol company moved to Silkworm Village in Suixi, Leizhou, taking charge of coastal defense and guarding the Pearl Pond. In the sixth year of Wanli (AD 1578), he immigrated from Leizhou to the island for farming. Twenty-eight years (AD 1600), the guerrilla department moved to Yongan station in Hepu County, Lianzhou. Since then, Weizhou has been under the dual jurisdiction of Lei and Lian.
From the first year of Kangxi to the eleventh year of Jiaqing in Qing Dynasty (A.D. 1692- 1806), Weizhou residents were forced to move inward three times, and the administrative agencies stationed on the island were cancelled, but there were still a few "squatters" living here. Military management is under the responsibility of xuwen county Haianying Guerrilla, Leizhou and Longmen Association of Hepu County in Lianzhou, and patrols twice a year.
In the sixth year of Tongzhi (AD 1867), in view of the fact that the local houses on the island had become a reality, the government reopened the island ban and moved the boatmen and tourists of Leilian to the island. At this point, the island, which had been abandoned for hundreds of years, was revived. At that time, the French Catholic forces took the opportunity to build a church in Tangsheng Village, and then one in Chengzai and one in Xieyang Island, which was the earliest Catholic base in the pre-Qin area.
More than 20 years after Guangxu, yu zhou was officially placed under the jurisdiction of Hepu County from Leizhou, and was placed under the inspection department of yu zhou. Military institutions are affiliated to Yong 'an Camp of Longmen Association.
At the beginning of Xuantong, the Jinghai Group affiliated to Hepu County set up a "public bureau" civil affairs agency on the island.
3. Lin Song, a historical celebrity in Sanzhou Village, Huxia, was a "Fujian all-rounder" in the Tang Dynasty; Xie Ao, a patriotic poet in Southern Song Dynasty; Wang Boda, a native of Southern Song Dynasty; Teacher Lin Zexu, You Guangyi; Yuan dynasty presented the museum with a bachelor's degree king; Chen Peng, the originator of couplets; Clean forest ear; Famous doctor Lin; Teachers' role models are ancient; Archaeologist and calligrapher You Shou; Huang Shouqi, Master of Yi Studies; Anti-Japanese woodcutter Lin Yue; "Juelan Society" Pang Xunqin and his wife, oil painter Qiu Di; Li Zhenhua, the proud son of America; Lingyou, the ancestor of Yang Zong; Du Xingheng, former Secretary General of the State Council, China; She song king, Liu, former alternate supervisory committee member of the Central Committee of * * *; Wu Jianduan, the first doctor of aviation law in Chinese mainland to stay in Europe; Chen Wenhua, the first agricultural archaeologist in China; Ceng Fengfei, the chief fashion designer in China, and Zheng Dexiong, a famous strait photographer.
4. Zhou Xiao Village Zhou Xiao Village is located in the southeast of Haizhu District, Guangzhou. It is a village in Guangzhou's "10,000-acre orchard" reserve, covering an area of 4.5 square kilometers, bordering the University Town and the Biological Island in the south, surrounded by water and criss-crossing river networks. It looks like an island and was called "Yingzhou" in ancient times. Zhou Xiao Village, which started in Yuan Dynasty, is an ancient village with a history of 1000 years. With an area of 270 hectares of fruit forest and 30 hectares of water network, it is the most distinctive water town in Lingnan. Experts in geography, humanities and environmental protection who have been here generally praise it as "Zhouzhuang in the north and Yingzhou in the south".
Quiet villages, streets paved with granite slabs, and small bridges of different shapes lie across the river, which complement the houses built by the river. Rivers meander freely, and waterways ebb and flow. Zhou Xiao village is surrounded by oases and orchards, and the village is covered by trees and towering old trees. The solemn ancestral temple is orderly, surrounded by ancient and modern houses, interspersed with its three sides, and exudes a strong Lingnan water town style. Zhou Xiao Village is known as "the hometown of fruits in Lingnan", and carambola, papaya, guava, longan and wampee are known as "five beauties in Zhou Xiao". Relying on the unique ecological environment and fruit trees, Zhou Xiao Village has developed eco-agricultural production mode research and sightseeing agriculture, and built Yingzhou Ecological Park, the first green eco-theme park integrating production, scientific research and sightseeing. Since 1998 to 12 was opened to the outside world, it has received 89.6766 * *. Yingzhou Ecological Park was rated as "Guangdong Ecological Demonstration Park" and "Education Base of Guangdong Association for Science and Technology".
Zhou Xiao Village has a unique ancient village style of Lingnan water town. The houses built by ancestors Zhou Xiao from local materials and collected oyster shells, commonly known as "oyster shell houses", have a history of 500 to 600 years and witnessed the "vicissitudes of life" in Lingnan. There are many ancient bridges, trees and buildings in the village. There are a large number of ancestral halls, public shrines and folk houses scattered in the village during the Ming and Qing Dynasties and the Republic of China, such as Gaojiatang (the grand ancestral hall of Jane's family), Tianhou Palace, Yuxu Palace, Guangzhou boundary monument and other ancient buildings under cultural relics protection in Guangzhou, as well as Sima Defoe, Sandi Temple, Hayes Palace, Xixi Jian Gong Temple, Munanzu, Yuemeizu, Dongchizu and Lushanzu. Eight scenic spots in Yingzhou, such as Hanqiao jathyapple, Xixi Fishing, Manyong Watching Plum, Falling Rain in the Middle of Sichuan, Crossing the Ancient River to Sail, Watching Fish in Songjing, Rongyin in the Ancient City, and Huatai Wonders, have all been restored and reshaped. Deep in the shade of towering old trees, ancient ancestral temples, temples and houses with typical Pearl River Delta characteristics in Lingnan architectural style are preserved, with unique features, such as gray pipe tile ridges, gray carvings and brick carvings. The characteristic shops and shops in the village in the late Qing Dynasty, as well as the characteristic houses with "three rooms, two halls and one hospital", let people appreciate the long-standing commercial prosperity and the life of ancestors.
Annual Dragon Boat Festival, ancestor worship, dragon boat trip to the countryside to visit relatives. Invitations were invited, Dragon Boat Festival cakes were returned, and people who went out met back to the village. Thousands of people flocked to the river to watch the dragon boat race, with gongs and drums and firecrackers ringing. The villagers sat around and ate dragon boat meals, full of folk customs and affection in the water town, just like celebrating a grand festival. Traditional folk handicrafts-embroidery (silk embroidery, iron embroidery, bead embroidery) are still alive, and traditional folk customs are continuing.
Zhou Xiao Village has a simple style and a quiet living environment, and famous painters such as Guan Shanyue and Li Xiongcai, outstanding representatives of contemporary Lingnan School, have flocked here to live. At the same time, it has attracted many artists to come here for artistic creation, and established sculpture parks and various types of workshops, which has become the first choice for artists to find creative inspiration, sketch and photography, and is the Eden of artists.
In February, 2000, Zhou Xiao Village, as "the ancient village with the most Lingnan water town characteristics", was listed in the first batch of historical and cultural protection zones in Guangzhou. It is also listed as a provincial-level ecological demonstration village, Guangzhou's "New Eight Scenes of Water Town", the most beautiful rural tourism demonstration zone in Guangdong Province, and the most beautiful village in Guangdong.
5. The construction time and architectural significance of the historic building in Zhou Xiao Village Zhou Xiao is located at the southeast end of Haizhu District, Guangzhou, bordering the southern Pearl River in the south, Panyu across the river in the east, Paifang River in the east, Guanzhou Island and Luntou in the northwest, and connected with Tuhua Village.
Zhou Xiao, formed by the Pearl River for thousands of years, covers an area of 60 13.8 mu, with rivers as long as 10 km. Villagers have planted fruits for generations, and the fruit trees have become pieces. Yingzhou Ecological Park and its nearby fruit forest are about 20,000 mu, which is known as the "south lung" of Guangzhou.
Zhou Xiao Village was founded in the late Yuan Dynasty and early Ming Dynasty. It is the ancient village "Zhou Xiao" with the most Lingnan water town characteristics found in Guangzhou, and has been listed as one of the first batch of 14 historical and cultural protection zones in Guangzhou. And was rated as an ecological demonstration village in Guangdong Province.
Today's Zhou Xiao village has not been completely submerged by the torrent of modernization, and traditional things are still being passed on. Walking in the village, on the winding and various bridges and pillow streams, the solemn ancestral temples are neat and orderly, the antique temples are simple and elegant, and the traditional houses are uneven. Under the shade of green trees, it is like an ink painting with the characteristics of Lingnan water town, streams, green trees, gray walls and plain tiles.
Our ancestors created an ideal home for people to live, live and work in Zhou Xiao. Among the eight scenic spots in Yingzhou in the past, Xixi Fishing, Gudu Guifan and Hanqiao jathyapple are all directly related to the traditional buildings in the village.