The Qinling Mountains run through the central part of China, showing an east-west trend, starting from southern Gansu in the west and passing through southern Shaanxi to western Henan. The main body is located at the junction of southern Shaanxi and northern Sichuan, with a length of about 1.500 km. Qinling Mountain is located between 32 and 34 north latitude, between Guanzhong Plain in the south and Hanjiang Valley, and it is the watershed of Jialing River, Luohe River, Weihe River and Hanjiang River. It stretches from east to west for 400-500 kilometers, and the width from north to south is 100- 150 kilometers.
The Qinling Mountains can be roughly divided into three sections: west, middle and east. The western section is divided into three branches, the northern branch is Qinling Mountain, also known as Nanqi Mountain or Dashanling Mountain; The middle branch is Fengling, with loess accumulation and strong soil erosion; The south branch is Baizi Mountain, which is called Chaiguanling in the northwest of Liuba. These mountains are all above1500m, and Baizi Mountain is the highest, with an altitude of 26 10/0m. The western part of Qinling Mountain has become the watershed and birthplace of Qingjiang River and Jialing River respectively, a tributary of the left bank of Jialing River, a main tributary of Qushui River and a part of Baohe River. The middle part of Qinling Mountains in Shaanxi Province is called Zhong Nanshan. The main mountain ranges are Sifangtai, shouyangshan, Zhong Nanshan and Dongguang Tushan, all of which are between 2,500 and 3,000 meters above sea level. It is the birthplace of Fenghe River, Laohe River, Chanhe River, Woods River, Xunhe River and Qian Qian River. Pingheliang, extending from Qinling Mountain to the southeast of Kunming, has Guangdong Mountain as its main peak, with an altitude of 2,675 meters. In He Ju and Shechuan Valley, there are Gudaoling, Haitang Mountain and Yangshan Mountain which run east and west. The mountain is low and broken, with an altitude of about 1, 500m m. They are the main tributaries of the river-Ganges, Fujiahe, Shuhe, Chiyuyu and their tributaries. Mount Li is a fault-block mountain at the northern foot of the middle Qinling Mountains in Shaanxi Province. The main peak is Renzong Temple, with an altitude of1302m. Some streams from Lishan Mountain become tributaries of Bahe River, and some directly flow into Weihe River. The eastern part of Qinling Mountain in Shaanxi Province is finger-shaped and spreads to the southeast. From north to south: Taihuashan, Mangling, Liu Ling, Mangshan and Xinkailing, all at an altitude of 1500-2600 meters; Nanluo River, Danjiang River and its tributaries, Yin Hua River, are distributed among them, becoming mountainous and valley topography. Caolianling and Taihuashan, the main ridges of Qinling Mountains, are the watershed and birthplace of Danjiang, Nanluohe and Shanxi on the northern slope of East Qinling Mountains.