is it really so? Then let's make a conclusion based on the facts of the field trip first.
According to Xiuwu County Records in the 2th year of the Republic of China, there was a "Shennong Temple" in Shangma Village in ancient times, but now there is no temple left, only a table-offering incense table engraved with patterns of many stone buddhas and the remaining brick and tile remains. Judging from the cultural relics left behind, the temple was built from the Song Dynasty to the early Ming Dynasty, but the bricks excavated from the ruins of the ancient temple are indeed relics of the Tang and Song Dynasties. It can be seen that there were temples before the Shennong Temple was built. According to Miao Xiuxian (73 years old) in the village, as far as I can remember, there are still statues of stone Buddha in Shennong Temple, with clay statues in the middle and stone Buddha statues on both sides, which are called "Buddha Hall", as well as "Temple of the King of Yan", "Temple of Guan Ye" and "Temple of Children". There are east and west wings in the temple, and outside the temple gate facing south, there is "Buddha Hall" in the east. In the Republic of China, after Feng Yuxiang's army entered Xiuwu County, he broke superstition and destroyed all the clay statues in the temple. At the beginning of 1938, the Japanese invaders destroyed the theater with artillery fire and built eight watchtowers on the hillside near Shangma Village to suppress the people. When the die-hard army (Kuomintang reactionary army) invaded our village, all the items and theatres in the temple were demolished and a bunker was built. "
Shennong Temple in Shangma Village has been recorded in Xiuwu County Records of Daoguang in Qing Dynasty. According to the legend of "Tang Temple and Song Temple", Shennong Temple may have been built in the late Song Dynasty and early Ming Dynasty. At the same time, it is detailed in the Preface of Xiuwu County Records Clan Table in the 2th year of the Republic of China and Miao Family Genealogy in the 5th year of the country: the earliest and most populous family in Shangma Village is Miao, whose ancestor Miao Rui moved from Handi Village in Shanxi during the Wanli period of the Ming Dynasty (AD 1574-162). According to this, the village existed in Wanli period of Ming Dynasty.
during the field investigation, it was found that at the eastern end of Shangma Village, there was a traffic mountain road leading to Taihang Mountain and entering the boundary of Shanxi Province from ancient times to the present, and this road traveled four miles northwards to reach the mountain gate, intersecting with Majie Road on the east bank of the village's Donghe River (Dongshanmen River). People call this mountain gate "Dongshan Gate" (the mountain pass at the northern end of Gangzhuang, about 2 miles west of this mountain pass, is called "Xishan Gate"). At the entrance of Dongshan Gate, there is a double trough made of green stone carving, which is about five feet long, two feet wide and more than one foot deep (now destroyed). It was originally used for knights who traveled inside and outside the mountain to drink horses, so the "Dongshan Gate" is also called "double notch". Over time, pedestrians spread widely, so the reputation of "double notches" is very influential. At the same time, in the south of Nanjie East Road in the village, there was a stone carving horse about 2 feet long and 3 feet wide. According to 73-year-old Miao Xiuxian, "When I was fourteen or five years old, I used to ride on this small stone horse with my children. Until the land reform in 195, this stone horse was still in this stone mill." Miao Wenshi and Miao Huaili, who live near Shima, have both seen Shima, but they have disappeared after the land reform. It is estimated that the original place where the Shima was put is a deep pit, and it is very likely that the Shima is still buried in the deep pit, and no one has dug it today.
The discovery of this stone horse provides a new basis for investigating the origin of the village name. Now, it can be judged that the original name of Shangma Village should be "Ma Village", hence the name of Shima. Just like the entrance of Dongshan, which was named "Double Slot" because of the ancient bluestone double slots, whether the Shima and the stone slots were originally carved at the same time and located in one place can not be ruled out. This is just like there was a red lion in the northwest entrance of Feng Li Village in our city (it is said that lions can suppress evil spirits and change geomantic omen), and then it was named "Red Lion Mouth" (please refer to "Feng Li" in the second episode of Jiaozuo Place Name Examination). Therefore, it is more reliable to name it "Macun" because of the stone horse. According to the genealogy of Miao people, there was Shangma village in Wanli period of Ming dynasty, and the name of "Ma village" should be before the early Ming dynasty. What needs to be explained here is two: Zhongma Village was named "Gutuo Village" in ancient times, and Xiama Village was named "Qianzhuang" in ancient times. After this field investigation, these villages were named before the Ming Dynasty. Therefore, it is said, "The legend that King Wu, Zhao Yun, Qin Qiong, Wei Chijingde, Zhao Kuangyin, Long Hair and so on got off the horse here is really a story with a cause, but there is no evidence. Because, since the Northern Wei Dynasty, many temples have been established along the mountain in our city, so there are many myths and anecdotes.
Why is it divided into Shangxia Village and Xiama Village? According to the field observation, Shangma Village is located at the foot of the southern foot of Taihang Mountain. The terrain of this village is much higher than that of Zhongma Village and Xiama Village. According to the custom, "the north is the upper and the south is the lower" or the hillside is up and down. Therefore, it is concluded that this village is located at the northern end of the higher terrain and is divided into upper, middle and lower by geographical location, which is a reasonable and common phenomenon in place names.
Liangma Village is adjacent to Taihang Mountain in the north, with open plains in the east, west and south. It is not only a strategic place for military strategists, but also a battlefield for livestock and war horses within dozens of miles of the square garden. Therefore, the name of Liangma Village passed down from generation to generation by local people has evolved from "Liangmatai" to "Liangma". Although there is no written record, it has certain historical authenticity, because here. According to legend, when King Wu of Zhou cut down, he set up a bright horse platform in these places to review the cavalry, or talked about the places where horses were drilled and raised.