Sima Guang was a politician, writer and historian in the Northern Song Dynasty. He lived in Renzong, Yingzong, Zongshen and Zhezong dynasties. He presided over the compilation of the first chronicle general history in the history of China-"Learning from the Same Experience". Sima Guang is gentle, humble and upright, and his personality under Confucian education is exemplary and has always been admired by people.
Once, he and his friends were playing in the backyard. There is a big water tank in the yard. A child climbed to the edge of the tank to play and accidentally fell into Tanqueray. The water tank is very deep, and it seems that the child is going to have no roof. When other children saw that something was wrong, they cried and cried in fear and ran outside to ask adults for help. Sima Guang used his quick wits to pick up a big stone from the ground and hit it hard at the water tank. "bang!" The water tank was broken, the water in the tank came out, and the child who was submerged in the water was saved. Xiao Sima Guang was calm when he was in trouble, and he was like an adult since he was a child. This is the story of "Sima Guang smashing a jar" that has been passed down to this day. This accidental event made Xiao Sima Guang famous, and people in Tokyo and Luoyang painted it and spread it widely.
2. Serve the economy in one fell swoop (classical Chinese) Translation Original: Fire is forbidden in auspicious symbols. When Princess Jinding returned to the palace, she suffered from borrowing far from the earth.
Gong ordered the excavation of the thoroughfare to borrow soil, and in a few days it became a huge ditch. Decided to plunge the water into the ditch, and all the rafts and miscellaneous materials entered the palace gate from the ditch.
When it was over, it rejected the gravel and dust and became a street. Kill three birds with one stone and save hundreds of millions of dollars.
During the reign of Song Zhenzong Dazhong Xiangfu, the palace caught fire. At that time, Ding Wei Song Dynasty presided over the reconstruction of the palace (which required brick burning), and was troubled by the long distance of land acquisition.
In Song Dynasty, Ding Wei ordered to borrow soil from the street, and a few days later it became a grand canal. So the Bianhe River was dug into a canal, and the materials transported by water all over the country were transported to the palace gate through the Bianhe River and the Grand Canal.
After the reconstruction work was completed, the abandoned rubble was used to fill the canal, which became a street again. Doing one thing and completing three tasks can save hundreds of millions of dollars.
3. Sima Guang Classical Chinese Sima Guang was born at the age of seven and was in awe as an adult. He heard about Zuo's Spring and Autumn Annals and loved it so much that he retired to his home for this purpose. Naturally, I can't put down my books. I don't know if I'm hungry or thirsty. A group of children were playing in the yard. One climbed into the urn and fell into the water. Everyone abandoned it. Just throw a stone at the urn, the water will burst and the child will live. -"History of Song Dynasty"
At the age of seven, Sima Guang was as serious as an adult. When he heard the teacher explain Zuo's Chunqiu, he liked it very much. After school, he told his family what he had learned, so he also understood the connotation of Zuo's Spring and Autumn Annals. Since this book, he has never left his hand, even forgetting hunger, thirst and cold. Once, he and his friends were playing in the backyard. A child climbed into the tank to play, slipped and fell into the water in the tank. As soon as the other children found out something was wrong, they abandoned him and ran away. Sima Guang used his quick wits to pick up a big stone from the ground and hit it hard at the water tank. The water overflowed and the child was saved.
When Sima Wengong was young, he suffered from (1) remembering people and asking them questions. In the group lecture, all the brothers became chanting and rested; Only (10) can recite (1 1), while (4) can repeat (5) but (6). Those who work harder will go further, and what they recite will be unforgettable for life. Wen Gong tasted 7 words: "Books must be memorized. Or (8) when you don't sleep at once or in the middle of the night, recite your scriptures and think about its meaning, and you will get more. "
This article is selected from Records of the Words and Actions of Famous Officials in Three Dynasties.
Sima Wengong: Sima Guang, a politician and historian in the Northern Song Dynasty, was named "Wenguogong" after his death, so he was called Sima Wengong.
It's already started.
Ending: Originally, Han Dong ended his lecture by not looking out of the window for three years. Here refers to concentrate on reading.
Independent compilation: According to the historian Kong Shi, Confucius read the Book of Changes, and Wei compiled three independent editions (meaning that the wooden slips were broken many times), meaning diligent reading.
1 suffering: worry. 2 if: such as.
③ Crowd: numerous ④ arrived; Wait until.
⑤ Double back: Double means "back" and "back".
⑥ Nai: Cai ⑥ Taste: once ⑧ or: sometimes.
No.9: No.9. Attending independence: being alone.
? The last chapter mentions two allusions of Dong Zhongshu's and Confucius' academic attitudes. Now it means studying hard and intently.
When Sima Guang was young, he was worried that his ability to recite poetry books was not as good as others. Let's discuss it together. Many brothers have finished reciting, and have gone to play and have a rest. Sima Guang is the only one who studies hard, and still concentrates on his studies and studies hard until he can recite skillfully. Because of the current efforts, the harvest will be long-term, and the books he has carefully read and recited will be unforgettable for life. Sima Guang once said: "You can't read without reciting. Sometimes in the carriage, sometimes when you can't sleep in the middle of the night, you will gain more by reciting what you have read and thinking about its meaning! "
4. The classical Chinese "Biography of Huang Baoguang" Huang Baoguang, whose name is Hui, is from Huizhou. I should be the first to make Han an official, try to be the first in the official department and give a scholar a background.
Real name: Huang Baoguang, font size: Hui Yuan, time: Northern Song Dynasty, native place: Huizhou Yi people.
Xu Sili joined the army as a doctor of imperial college, and later transferred to the post of secretary of provincial studies, supervising the imperial history and making suggestions for Zuo Si. When I first took office, I said, "There are many officials in the three provinces, including transfer, promotion, contribution, reward and so on. Those who are not in Yuanfeng's old system have ten drawbacks and are willing to reform everything. " Hui Zong's life was just right, but the scholar's theory died out temporarily. And Cai Jing was angry with his dissidents, and Mi asked me to send a royal pen cloud: "Prosperity in the prosperous times is a plan to decline chaos." Fu baolang, a migrant worker. Provincial officials put money into Baoyu Palace and made ten meats to repay their kindness. The emperor thought it was loyal. Next year, he will return to worship the imperial adviser.
Li Liangsi, a Liao native, came back, went to Pingyi Book and became a secretary. Bao Guang's theory of five things is impossible. He probably said that "Liang Silie was angry, committed unforgivable crimes in neighboring countries, fled for his life and died, and made books such as Pingyi in vain. If it gets out, he will be in great pain. Should sinners be the home of Chinese cheats? It is advisable to be generous and apply it to Ji Dian. " He added: "Your majesty is as high as the sky, and my ministers are as low as the ground. A strong man is virtuous, but his path is unyielding; A submissive person is always a minister, but his score cannot be exaggerated. If you make a compromise, it will break your heart, not so much; If you are arrogant and want to stretch, it is a crime and not so respectful. " The emperor realized this and ordered his ministers to read it and play it in the temple.
Since Baining, more courtiers and more bureaus have been set up, which Bao Guang believes. Is life Cai Jing in power, Jingyang please do waste, to anger the scholar-officials. Bao Guang said, "If the Legislative Affairs Bureau discusses in detail the number of officials to seven, the number of judges to sixteen, and the number of manufacturing bureaus to more than 30, can't we leave out one or two people and pay attention tomorrow?" It's always strong.
In the year of drought at the end of the government, the emperor thought of it. Bao Guang said, "Your majesty's virtue is enough to move the sky, and his kindness is enough to touch people. He often can't inspire kindness, so I can't doubt it. " Gai Renjun has the heart to defeat himself, but he has no intention to return to the American newspaper, which can cause the change of Yin and Yang. Different people have different opinions, but people who are not obedient and flattering can change Yin and Yang. Your majesty is thrifty and frugal, and a surname Cai Jing is extravagant. This is not the difference between a monarch and a minister; Your majesty took Shao Shu as his heart, but what Beijing did was to learn from Yuan Feng's method, be tough and self-taught, and refused to go to Chengde. Too many butchers, with Zheng in the middle and few butchers, and Yu was afraid to avoid them, so he could not do his duty in the world. This kind of weather is not suitable for the earth, and the minister cannot take advantage of your majesty. "Don't report it. Think about the next chapter, Beijing forces shocked, raise your tongue, Baoguang attack alone. Beijing is afraid of it, China is doing something else, and he knows that Lishan County in Zhaozhou has fallen. He also made officials talk about affiliation, leaked secret words, and announced the court's placement of Zhaozhou with a chapter. Jing is called the foreign minister of the staff and renamed Zhizhou. When Fang La was in chaos, the state adopted it wholeheartedly and the people listed it. Jiazhi Secret Pavilion, reinstated, single, 58 years old, Zhou Renci.
Bao Guang is good at discussing things, and he will be very rational when writing, and will not be moved by the discussion of cross talk. This is because Zheng is under the door, so Cai Jing's indifference is extremely important. However, others have to meet the time. Let Wanshou Palace, Wenzhou Guo Dunshi, and Sizhou nightclub all sit, which is disgusting. Bao Guang ordered Ge Changqing not to write a book, but to keep the shape of the Buddhist temple and the Buddha statue, and punished the Taoist priest for begging, so he learned to sit and stop, especially the discussant.
Song History Volume 348 Biography 170 Biography of Huang Baoguang
Excerpted from Baidu Encyclopedia Huang Baoguang's entry.
5. Kou Zhun incorruptible classical Chinese reading answer Kou Zhun incorruptible original: Kou Zhun has been in and out of the Prime Minister for 30 years, and has never been selfish.
Chu Shi Ye Weixian said in a poem: "Ding Temple has official residence, and there is nowhere to set up a stage." When Yue Zhun moved south, the northern envoys went to dinner and the slaughter was carried out in advance.
The messenger looked at all the pictures, and the translator said, "Who is this' building that came out of nowhere'?" Those who sit without answers. Reference information: Kou Zhun is an honest official who enjoys a high reputation among the people in the Central Plains, and even Liao countries admire him very much.
During decades of official career, Kou Zhun rose to the position of prime minister in charge of state power, but did not build private houses for himself. At that time, there was a poem in Ye Wei, Chu Shi, saying: "Ding Temple has an official residence and nowhere to rise."
In other words, he is not greedy, but pities people's wealth quality. This poem spread to Qidan, and the Qidan people admired it very much.
Kou Zhun was banished to Leizhou, Guangdong Province in his later years. Once, a northern envoy came to Bianjing, looked at the ruling ministers and asked the guide, "Who is the prime minister from scratch?"?
"At that time, the court officials looked at each other in shame, and no one answered. Kou Zhun's honest and clean official ethics set an example for China officials, which has been praised by people for more than 1000 years.
Note: Kou Zhun: When he was in North Song Zhenzong, he worshipped Tong Zhongshu's Ping Zhang (Prime Minister), was dismissed, and was reinstated soon. In and out: Kou Zhun served as prime minister twice, but both were dismissed and reinstated.
Camp: operation and construction. First: residence.
Chu Shi: A talented recluse. Ding (nài): It was originally a container for ancient cooking, and later it was used as a heavy weapon for founding the country, symbolizing the political power and also referring to the ruling minister.
To: Arrive. Inner banquet: a palace banquet.
Relocation: the transfer of officials, here refers to the demotion of officials. Northern envoy: the envoy of Liao state.
Domination: It is the same as Pingzhang affairs (prime minister), Tang envoys, Council members and Tang envoys (those in power), and is generally called domination. Pre: participate.
Calendars: one by one, one by one. Language: tell, say to.
Xianggong: a title of respect for a prime minister. Sit: People present.
Who: who, which. To: Arrive.
Yue: Wait.