"In a straight line to heaven, its peak enters heaven, with five holy peaks on top, and casts a shadow in China. The Paradise Terrace Mountains are 100 miles long, and it is here that they begin to extend to the southeast. My heart and my dream are in Wu Heyue. They cross Jinghu Lake on a moonlit night. The moon lit up my shadow and I came to Yanhe. Xie 'an is still there, with a loud voice and rippling blue waves. Xie, climbed Yun Lan's ladder. Halfway through the sunny ocean, the sacred rooster crows in space. Countless peaks and more valleys, there is no road, flowers tempt me, and rocks relax me. The day suddenly ended. Bears, dragons and storms on mountains and rivers disturb forests and shake mountains. Clouds are darkened by rain, and streams are pale by fog. The god of thunder and lightning shattered the whole mountain range, and the stone gate was divided and vented in the sinkhole. An impenetrable shadow, but now the sun and the moon illuminate a golden and silver terrace. Dressed in colorful clothes and riding the wind, all the queens of the clouds came down one by one, with tigers playing pipa and phoenixes dancing. Row after row, like a hemp field, lined with fairy figures. When the big dream first woke up, the dreamland disappeared, which led to the understanding of the world of life: "People's happiness is always like this, and thousands of waters flow eastward in Qian Shan", "Alas, how can I bow and scrape to those high-ranking officials who will never be shown with honesty?". This feature of Li Bai's Dream Falling from the Sky has greatly developed Zhuangzi's fable, Qu Yuan's first romantic spirit and expression techniques, and also incorporated the Taoist immortal image, which has amazing artistic charm and won the praise of a generation of "poetic immortals".
Li Bai's poems and songs have diverse themes. His seven-character ancient poems (Shu Dao Nan, Tian Mu Shan Meng Deng, Jiang, Yin, etc. ); Five-character ancient poems (59 ancient styles); There are some poems in Yuefu folk songs in the Han, Wei and Six Dynasties, such as Long March and Midnight Wu Ge. And seven-character quatrains (looking at Lushan Waterfall, looking at Tianmen Mountain, making Baidi City as early as possible, etc. ) became masterpieces in the prosperous Tang Dynasty. Li Bai was already famous in the Tang Dynasty. His poem "There is no set volume, but every family has it". He is the first poet in China's poetry.
Li Bai's poems and songs are typical representatives of the prosperous Tang Dynasty. Throughout his life, the poet eulogized the ideal life with a naive heart. Whenever and wherever he is, he always embraces the whole world enthusiastically, pursues full achievement, career and enjoyment, has a keen sense of all good things, grasps the reality but is not satisfied with it, throws himself into the torrent of life and transcends hardships, and realizes his value in a high-spirited state. If the ideal color is the main feature of the poetic style in the prosperous Tang Dynasty, then Li Bai walked in the forefront of the times with a more forward-looking ideal singing method.
Li Bai's poems and songs enriched and developed the heroic artistic theme in the poems of the prosperous Tang Dynasty. Like other scribes of his time, he had great ambitions. The so-called "Shen's talk, seeking the skill of the emperor, inspiring his wisdom, is willing to help it." Make the atlas bigger and make Haixian clear "(biography of Dai Shoushan answering Meng Shaofu) is his most persistent belief in life. It may be doubtful whether Li Bai has the practical ability to engage in political activities in a complex power structure, but as a poet, this belief has more become the starting point for him to pursue and praise the magnificent life. He drew strength from the manners and styles of countless ancient heroes and projected realistic ideals into history, thus establishing a gallery of heroes in his poems. He praised the heroes who rose on the grass and in the world. For example, "Fu Liangyin" wrote Tai Gong Wang: "You don't see your morning songs, and the fishing boat has been Weibin for 80 years; I would rather be ashamed of my white hair, take water as light, and be strong and thoughtful when I meet the times. Wide Zhang 3800 fishing, dark and close in the wind. The Great Sage Tiger became stupid and unpredictable, which was quite ordinary in those days. "Praise the righteous who regard fame and fortune as dirt. For example, in the tenth part of Antique, Lu Zhonglian wrote: "Qi has a good life, and Lu Lian is wonderful. The bright moon will shine once when it comes out of the bottom of the sea. However, Qin Zhenying sounded the golden bell, and later generations looked back. Meaning light daughter ceremony, Gu Xiang plain smile. I'm a slut, too, and my clothes can be tuned in one tune. "Praise the British monarch who is eager for talents and noble morality, such as the second part of" It's hard to go to the sky ":"Don't you see the former prince who respected talents, built a high platform and provided gold to talented people? Bend down and sweep the floor to welcome them? ? The drama Xin is grateful to Dade and serves him wholeheartedly, which is full of intrigue and intrigue. The king's bones have been buried. Who will sweep the floor of the golden platform again? ! "Praise those famous ministers who are arrogant and unruly and insist on the dignity of cloth, such as Li Shiqi in Fu Liangyin:" Don't you see that Levin drinkers are drafting and have long praised Shandong Dragon Zhun Gong; Beginners don't worship eloquence, but two women give up washing and follow suit. Seventy-two miles east, qi entered the city, and commanded Chu Han to rise. Crazy people are down and out, let alone strong men! "Most of his heroes are all-powerful figures in the turbulent and chaotic historical stage, which is inseparable from the lyric hero. For example, in a poem about appreciating friends, he said: "Feng Shui, like seeing capital, can help the emperor greatly." ("Wang Sima and Yan Zhengzi give snow in the reward state") "Tell yourself, who can make it? I advise you to close the door. " (Give a gift to Yangshan people after driving to the Hot Spring Palace) After waking up, he expressed his ambition: "Fu Shuo is the official of the squad leader and Reese is the eagle dog. It is best to stand up and work hard. " (Drunk at the Dragon Gate on a Winter Night) Since the Anshi Rebellion, Li Bai has regarded the situation as a struggle between Chu and Han, and took Sean and Han Xin as his own situation: "It's quite like a struggle between Chu and Han, which can't be turned over. Toward Bolangsha and enter Huaiyin City at dusk. Sean did not satisfy Han Xin's poverty, and Liu Xiangcun died in two ministers. I'm going to Xiapi for the time being, and I'm going to vote for the floating mother as my master. "After he entered the Yongwanglin shogunate, he compared himself with Xie An:" But Xie Anshi from Dongshan was used to make you laugh and laugh at the quiet Hu Sha. " ("Dong Xunge" the second time) Until he joined the army at the age of 60, he also promised himself with Meng in "Heroes of the Western Han Dynasty":
"Thank you for your illness, but there is no reason to levy in the southeast. The elegant house does not care about it, and it is Meng Xian's resistance. "
Born in the prosperous times, Li Bai's tribute to the heroes in troubled times is of course not just a reflection on the past. Because through such characters, poets can express their spirit and enthusiasm, and express their life desire to make contributions in history and actively create self-value. At the same time, it has become a personification portrayal of the ideals of the times.
Li Bai unified the ideal of saving the world with unrestrained personality freedom in order to achieve a complete life. His design of the road to life is divided into two steps: the first step is to build great achievements, such as a cloud: "If there is no help instead of heart, what good is it for a person to be a good person?" ("To Secretary Wei Zichun") "The two dragons strive for each other, and heaven and earth move. The wine dances with the sword, and the Chinese fight in a hurry. " After his success, he did not covet wealth and fame, but took "Five Lakes" and "Cangzhou" as his home and yearned for a free life. During his early years as an official, he did not deny this: "When he was successful, he brushed his clothes and swayed beside Cangzhou." Don't give up this point when you are most proud of your career: "Thank you for your success and throw another fish." ("Hanlin Reading Talk") "When I report to the Lord, then lie with me in the white clouds." Until his later years, he was still determined to win: "Finally, I will go to the five lakes safely." This ideal of life embodies the poet's sense of "shame" and love of freedom: "I can make contributions to Liaocheng with one arrow. In the end, I didn't get a reward, and I didn't have the face to be with people at that time. " ("On the East Tour in May")
"At first glance, Geng Jie died on the grass, not asking for a golden cage." These poems are the self-expression of the poet's mind. Because of his strong sense of freedom, his anger and resistance are particularly strong when he meets the obstacles of ugly forces in real life.
Among the ancient poets in China, Li Bai's personality was very active and liberated.
He has never achieved fame in his life, but he has high expectations. He despised the rich and powerful in clothes, unscrupulously mocked the hierarchical order centered on political power, criticized the phenomenon of political corruption, and carried forward the heroism in the prosperous Tang culture with a bold gesture of resistance.
Li Bai's anti-power thought is becoming more and more conscious and mature with the enrichment of his life practice. In the early days, it was mainly manifested in the equal requirements of "self-improvement, not being human" and "making friends with princes", as he said in his poem: "I was drunk in Chang 'an, and five kings and seven people shared a glass of wine. In the face of heroic spirit, the romantic spirit will fall behind others! " ("Liu Yelang gave the judge Xin") "Encourage the nine masters to make waves and be young and ignorant." ("Ode to the Jade Pot") He sometimes makes grandiose remarks that show contempt for powerful people, such as "Gold and white jade buy songs and laugh, and get drunk and tired, and despise princes" ("Remembering the past" sent the county yuan to join the army). But his main performance is inner pride. With the understanding of the actual situation of high-level power groups, he further exposed the opposition between Buyi and dignitaries: "Zhu Yu buys songs and laughs, wasting talents." (The fifteenth time of "Ancient Style") "The sparrow is in the phoenix nest, and it is holding the phoenix." (Article 39 of Antique) "Chickens gather for food and fight, and chickens fly alone without neighbors. Dragonflies laugh at dragons, and good and evil people are mixed; Wear brocade and pay a negative salary. "
("Singing and Sending Cen") and mocking the ugliness of those who steal power because of flattering the emperor, such as "Bo Gu" 24:
The cart flies dust, and the pavilion is black in the afternoon. China is more expensive than gold, and Lianyun has a room. He Huihe was dubbed cockfighting. When the rainbow is dried in one breath, pedestrians are afraid. There is no such thing as washing your ears, only Yao and your feet!
In "Climbing Mount Tianmu in a Dream", he made the loudest sound:
Oh, how can I bow and scrape to those people with high status and important positions? They never want to be seen with a sincere face!
The significance of this artistic generalization in Li Bai's poems is as important as Du Fu's famous sentence "The wine and meat in Zhumen stink, and the bones on the road freeze to death" ("Ode to 500 words from Beijing to Fengxian"). In the deteriorating political situation at the end of Tianbao, Li Bai linked anti-dignitary with extensive social criticism. For example, answering the king's twelve cold nights with loneliness not only bravely fought for the fallen sages, but also expressed disappointment and contempt for the court:
If you don't go to Beihai, Li See, where is the heroic spirit? If you don't look at Pei Shangshu, there are three feet of wormwood thorns in the earth grave. Teenagers have long wanted to go to the Five Lakes. Seeing this, I will spare Zhong Ding.
Li Bai even sharply reprimanded Xuanzong himself in the way of satirizing modern people in his poems, such as "Feeling the Book, My Friend", "Ancient Style" and "Ascending to the Far Sea".
In a word, it can be said that he developed the anti-power theme in Tang poetry to the point of dripping and hearty. Ren Hua said that Li Bai "lived for decades and never lost his color for a day" ("Miscellaneous Words Send Li Bai"). This consciousness of never giving in to powerful people and bravely fighting for self-dignity is an important content of attaching importance to personal value since Wei and Jin Dynasties, and it is also a tradition of attaching importance to strength and character. It is under the new historical conditions that Li Bai inherited and carried forward this excellent tradition and became a star in poetry.
Li Bai's poems and songs are full of passion for life. His poems are often full of childlike interest in the wild, such as: "Two people love each other, one cup after another." Drunk enough to sleep, I plan to hold the Ming dynasty piano. "("lovers in the mountains ")" Long sleeves, light desire, drunken dancing in Hanzhong. Put a robe on me, I am drunk and sleep on my stomach. " ("reminiscing about the past, going to the county to join the army") "The sunset wants to chase flowers. Xiangyang children clapped their hands together and stopped the street to sing "White brass cymbals". I'm sorry to ask you what you're laughing at, but I'm so drunk. " (Xiangyang Song) Life is like rich wine, which enchants the poet. Of course, this does not mean that there is no sorrow and pain in life, but the poet's optimism is enough to make him transcend and overcome his sense of hardship. The so-called "sentimental life? "And drink and climb the stairs" (the song of Liangyuan), "Drunk Jia Qianchi, don't look at the monument to tears" (the fourth song of Xiangyang), which is a portrayal of his broad-minded mentality. One of his three songs, Hard to Walk:
The cost of pure wine is a gold cup, 10 thousand copper coins and a hip flask, and I am ashamed of 10 thousand yuan. I threw the food bar and cup aside. I couldn't eat or drink. I pulled out my dagger. I peeped in four directions in vain. I want to cross the Yellow River, but ice will block the ferry and Taihang Mountain will be covered with snow. I will sit on a fishing rod and lean lazily by the stream, but I suddenly dream of sailing a boat towards the sun. It's hard to walk, it's hard to walk, a lot of roads, and today's safety! One day, I will ride the wind and waves, raise the Yun Fan and cross the sea.
Even if it is sad and disoriented, there is no cold and astringent danger and bitter words. The images of the Yellow River, Taihang, the sea and the sun in the poem, as well as the majestic posture of drawing the sword and looking in all directions, and the reverie of crossing the ocean, all have magnificent feelings. He is never content with loneliness and loneliness, such as drinking with the moon alone:
Flowers in the next pot of wine, no friends, drink alone. Raise my cup, I invite the bright moon, which brings me its shadow and makes us three people. The moon doesn't know how to drink, but the shadow in front of it is behind. I have to mingle with them and enjoy the happiness of spring. The song I sing is bright and wandering, and I dance the shadow before wandering. Wake up and be happy together, and disperse after drunkenness. I am willing to stay with them forever and forget the harm of friendship, just like the Milky Way.
Only a energetic poet can come up with such a fantastic idea. He has a "short song line", and the idea is: "If you want to win the Six Dragons, go back to the car and hang the Fusang. With the help of the Big Dipper, every dragon advised them to drink a glass of wine, so they all fell asleep and couldn't stay awake. Wealth is not what you want, you are in your twilight years. " There is no old man's sigh here, but the naive imagination of "persuading wine" is used to express infinite attachment to life. These poems, with their pure taste, appeal to the beautiful humanity submerged by vulgar life, thus gaining permanent charm.
Li Bai has a strong feeling for nature, and he is good at integrating his personality into natural scenery, which makes his landscapes and valleys have idealized colors. He said in the poem "Sunrise": "I will include a big piece, and I will be noble and have the same topic." He also said: "Yangchun told me to smoke, and I took articles during the holidays."
(From the preface of my brother's spring banquet in Taohuayuan) Li Bai is heroic and pursues a pure and noble state of mind. These different personality aspects also form two types of his artistic conception of mountains and rivers: one is to highlight the beauty of strength and movement in the majestic mountains and rivers, and express his lofty aspirations in the magnificent artistic conception; The other is interested in pursuing the beauty of Ming Che and expressing innocent feelings in a beautiful artistic conception. For example, the Yellow River and the Yangtze River in his works roared and roared: "How does the water of the Yellow River move out of the sky and into the ocean, and never return" ("Into the wine"); "The Yellow River Wan Li touches the mountains, and the vortex hub turns to Qin Mine ... djinn growls and breaks the two mountains, and Hongbo jet shoots the East China Sea ("Xiyue Yuntai Song Send Dan Qiu Zi "); "I climbed up. I look at the whole world, and the vast rivers can't go.
The wind blows Huang Yun for hundreds of miles, and the snow peaks are white around the nine streams. "(Song of Lushan's suggestion and Lu Xuzhou) Poseidon has been to the evil wind, and the waves hit the stone walls of Tianmen. What happened to Zhejiang in August? Snow in Taosi Mountain (Hengjiang Ci). The peaks in his works are towering and steep: "The highest cliff is only one foot below the sky, and the withered pine trees hang their heads from the surface of the cliff" (Shu Dao Nan);
"Straight into the sky, its peak into the sky, the top of the five holy peaks, casting a shadow through China; The ladder mountain range stretches for hundreds of miles, starting from here and extending to the southeast "(Tianmu Mountain rises in my dream). He endowed mountains and rivers with lofty aesthetic feeling with heroism in his chest. His praise for the great power of nature is also a tribute to the far-sighted and unremitting pursuit of life ideals. Extraordinary natural image and proud heroic character are integrated. At the same time, Li Bai also wrote many beautiful landscape poems. For example, "people travel around the moon and ships travel in the air" ("Send Weiwan, a man from Wuwangshan, back to the palace"); "When a man rides on the sea and the moon, the sail falls into the sky in the lake" ("Looking for Yang to send his brother to visit Sima Zuo in Poyang"); "The moon turns with the green hills, and the green hills follow the flowing water. It seems that I am above the Milky Way, but I feel that the clouds are secluded ("On the Moonlight, I will send a trip outside the Cuiyuan"); "Jinling night is quiet and cool, watching the five mountains in the west wing alone. The white clouds reflect the water and shake the empty city, and the white dew drops the beads and the autumn moon ("The Moon on the West Tower of Jinling City"). These poems are famous for their clarity and purity.
Li Bai's landscape poems are not so much a realistic description of natural features as a reformed and idealized picture according to the poet's personality. He just wants to grasp the overall momentum or atmosphere, splash ink on the basis of sudden excitement, while ignoring the specific details, and even the visual transfer order of the scenery is often not concerned. Li Bai's landscape poems are pervasive and lyrical. He is good at blending mountains and rivers with specific emotions, and there is a subtle relationship between the situation of "scenery" and the characteristics of "emotion" For example, when he first came out of Shu, he wrote "Seeing Friends Off at Jingmen Ferry":
Sail from Jingmen Ferry, and soon you will be with southerners. At the end of the mountain range and the beginning of the plain, the river winds through the wilderness. The moon rises like a mirror, and the sea clouds twinkle like palaces. The water brings you the feeling of home and makes your boat travel 300 miles.
The poet began to write from a suddenly enlightened place, describing the feelings of a young man who has just embarked on a journey and is full of prospects. And when he was released from prison in his later years, he wrote "Early Release of Baidicheng":
Early in the morning, I bid farewell to Jiangling city, which is high into the sky, thousands of miles away, and the boat is only one day away. The cries of apes on both sides of the strait are still unconsciously crowing in their ears, and the canoe has passed the heavy green hills.
From the swift river, I expressed my lively mood. Li Bai combined the typical images in poetry since the Han and Wei Dynasties with the real feelings of life, skillfully grasped the implication of traditional cultural accumulation, and left a chewy and meaningful charm among skillful hands. For example, "Send a friend":
Green mountains are located on the north side of the city wall, and the sparkling water surrounds the east of the city. Here we say goodbye to each other, and you, like losing your father, are floating in the wind and traveling far away. Floating clouds are like wanderers, like wandering, and the sunset slowly goes down the mountain, which seems to be nostalgic. With a wave of his hand, he will be separated from now on, and his friend on horseback will carry him on a long journey, blowing a long wind, as if reluctant to leave.
The "floating clouds" and "sunset" in the poem are not only the foreground of the eyes, but also the concrete images with specific emotional content in ancient poetry, which means that once a wanderer leaves, he will be like a floating cloud, so he will say goodbye to the sunset without leaving a scar. Another example is "the clouds return to the blue sea and the evening, and the geese have no blue sky." The first two sentences not only point out the season and time, but also use the images of "cloud" and "goose" to refer to departure and travel. In addition, such as "sometimes white clouds rise and the sky unfolds." However, in my heart, my hope is not shallow ("Looking at Nanshan to send a song to a hermit"), "Oh, ask this river flowing eastward, whether it can go further than the love of friends!" (Parting Nanjing Restaurant), "Xi Hui Dribbles and Falls with the Flowing Water" ("Yangyang Qingquan") and so on. All of them have reached a perfect state in the unification of traditional images and real life feelings.
Li Bai's thoughts and sentiments of freedom and liberation and his personality with the tendency of popularization also enabled him to explore all kinds of human beauty in social life more deeply. There is a yearning for a peaceful life here, such as the third part of Midnight Wu Ge:
There is moonlight in Chang 'an, and all the families in Yi Dao are there. The autumn wind blew Yi Dao's voice, and every household remembered the people guarding the border. When will the border war be settled and when will my husband end his expedition?
There are praises for working life, such as "Song of Autumn Pu" XIV:
The fire was shining in the sky, and the red star in the purple smoke was in chaos. On the night of the moon, copper smelters sang, and their songs resounded through the cold valley.
Soulmate and congenial love requirements, such as "sitting at night";
The winter nights are cold and the nights are long. I sat in the North Hall for a long time. Ice and Jingquan enter the boudoir in the month, and the golden flowers are green and sad. With the gold gone, I cried more and more, covering my tears and listening to your songs. The song has sound, and my concubine has affection, affection and harmony. I didn't understand a word. I flew from Junwanqu to Liang Chen Fei.
There are also naive modal figures in communication, such as "Yue Nv Ci" the third:
Girls Picking Lotus If the girls picking lotus in Yexi saw the guests, they sang back to the boat. He smiled and hid in the lotus, pretending to be ashamed.
His pure friendship can often get rid of the pollution of hierarchical consciousness. Poems such as "To Wang Lun" and "Crying Xuancheng for Good Brewing" were written by ordinary people. In his later years, Li Bai's Love at the Home of Xunshu in Wusong Mountain shows this point more intensively:
I stayed in a farmhouse at the foot of Wusong Mountain, and I felt very depressed and lonely. The farmer is busier at work, and the girl next door is not afraid of the cold autumn night all night. The owner of the house, the old woman, brought me rice, full of white rice like moonlight. It's a pity to drift away, but three thanks can't be embarrassing.
This poet, who is arrogant and unruly in front of powerful people, is moved to eat hard in front of an ordinary peasant woman. All these poems, without exception, use the ideal light wheel to make the theme of daily life glow with poetic style.
In a word, Li Bai is the pride of the times and a singer of the prosperous times. His poems show infinite vitality with vigorous romantic temperament and become an outstanding representative of the voice of the prosperous Tang Dynasty, thus successfully completing the historical mission of poetry innovation since the early Tang Dynasty. Just as Li said: "Chen collects cultural relics, and the world has changed suddenly. Today, the poetic style of the dynasty is still dominated by Liang and Chen Gong, and it has been changed to the public and swept the floor. " This is the main significance of Li Bai in the history of literature.
Artistic achievements of Li Bai's poems
In the history of literature, from the Six Dynasties to the Sui and Tang Dynasties, great changes have taken place in aesthetic concepts. Although Cao Pi once put forward that "literature is based on qi" (a classic essay) and Zhong Rong also advocated "natural English meaning" (a poem), due to specific historical conditions, the artistic interest of the Six Dynasties was more inclined to elegant literature. In the most prosperous Tang dynasty, poetry turned to the genius expression and natural expression of the main interest, and these aesthetic ideals of predecessors were truly and fully reflected. And Li Bai is the concentrated representative in this respect. In the Ming Dynasty, Wang Shizhen summed up the overall features of Li Bai's poems in Yi Yan Yuan with two sentences: "Qi is the main thing, nature is the teaching". These two sentences are reflected in the artistic image, lyrical way and poetic language of Li Bai's poems, thus forming his distinctive artistic personality.
Li Bai's ability to capture images is very strong, but when the poet's surging poetry can't be accommodated by ordinary images, the poet launches his imagination and fantasy, and realizes the artistic transformation with words. This deformation is based on the poet's strong feelings, which makes the image break through the convention and obtain fantastic colors.
For example, poets often change the proportional relationship between the size, quantity and weight of things in real life, and achieve strong artistic effects through the deformation of physical scales. He suddenly turned heavy into light, such as "feeling your majesty's kindness is more important than life, and throwing a feather lightly when crossing a mountain" ("Knotting socks"), and "Poetry is a glass of water in the north window" ("Answering the Twelve Cold Nights of the King"), and suddenly turned light into heavy, such as "Xing Han put pen to paper and shook the Five Mountains, and poetry became a smile to lead Cangzhou" ("Answering the Twelve Cold Nights of the King"). Li Bai's landscape poems often break the limitation of spatial orientation, arranging heaven and earth in all directions at will, and showing the poet's broad mind through spatial deformation. For example, his six poems about Hengjiang initially focused on the location of Hengjiang (in today's Anhui County), but the poet's perspective was not limited to this place. It suddenly jumped to the crock pavilion outside Jiangning, even to Sanshan, which is located in the north of Jiangning County and farther than the crock pavilion, and then to Tianmen, 30 miles southwest of Dangtu, and suddenly wrote the tide of Qiantang River. Another example is "I was drunk when I accompanied Uncle Assistant Minister to visit Dongting". Third:
The cutting of Junshan Mountain can make the water level of Dongting Lake spread outwards, which looks endless. Baling didn't drink enough wine and got drunk together in the autumn of Dongting Lake.
When the poet was drunk, he wanted to cut off Junshan Mountain and let Hunan water flow freely to show his uninhibited pride. In addition, for example, writing about Lushan Waterfall, "The river begins to fall, and it is half a day ... The sea breeze keeps blowing, but the bright moon is still empty" (one of the waterfalls looking at Lushan Mountain), and "Going straight down to the thousands of feet, it is suspected that the Milky Way has fallen for nine days" (the second topic of the same topic) are all changing space in imagination to expand the momentum. In Li Bai's poems, the speed of time can also be changed according to the emotional requirements, and the so-called "subjective time" has appeared. For example, "You don't see the mirror on the shelf, the morning color is like silk, and the night is like snow" in "Into the Wine" describes that a person's life is as short as day and night; "Send Wei Nanling Ice" "The moonlight is drunk and the mountains are beautiful. The spring breeze kills people crazily, playing for three years a day and enlarging the day into three years. " Sauvignon Blanc "more wonderfully solidified for an instant, and the poem said:
I miss you in a distant place, outside the blue sky. It used to be an eye, but now it is a fountain of tears; If you don't believe in sword cutting, please come back and look in the mirror in front of me!
The heroine in the poem should seal up the moment of crying in front of the mirror as proof in the future. This is the same as the folk song "Mochou Le" in the Six Dynasties. "Huan Wen went down to Yangzhou and sent him to Shantou, Chu. Reaching out and hugging the waist, the river will not flow ",which has the same effect, and all use the deformation of time to set off the infatuation of women. In more poems, Li Bai is good at supplementing or organizing pictures with wandering immortals, dreams or dreamland, and expressing his ideals and feelings and Wang Yang more wantonly in virtual descriptions. For example, in "Dream on Mount Tianmu", the description made by the poet at the beginning contains a lot of fictional elements, such as "Yangyang is halfway through the road, the holy chicken crows in space" and "bears, dragons, mountains and rivers are storming the waves, shocking the forest and shaking the heights". These are all the mountains and valleys in the poet's mind and cannot be regarded as real mountains and rivers.
From the beginning of "clouds bring rain, water brings light smoke", poetry entered a mythical world, and wandering immortals inspired the poet's enthusiasm for freedom, and finally produced the rebellious voice of "Alas, how can I solemnly bow and scrape to the high official?" The poet expresses his refusal to the powerful through the realm of fantasy. Another example is Yin:
I want to climb the dragon to meet the Lord, and the thunder Lord beats the drum and slams the pot to hit the emperor. At three o'clock, I smiled and turned on the lightning, and suddenly it began to rain. If you can't pass nine doors, you will be angry if you close the door with your forehead. ……
The 19th antique:
Go to Lianhua Mountain in the west and watch the stars all the way. Holding a white hibiscus flower in both hands, curled up into a ball. Dressed in colorful clothes, elegant clouds floated high into the sky. I boarded the rainbow platform and bowed to Wei Shuqing. Anxiously follow them and take Hongyan to Zixuan. Inadvertently, the Luoyang Plain was full of soldiers in the Anshi Rebellion. The bones are bloody, and the traitors turn their backs on the court.
They all fully show the opposition between reality and ideal in the dreamland, or they can't forget the heart of suffering reality. It is the inheritance and development of Qu Yuan's poetic spirit to pin rich real life feelings on dreams and show sober struggle consciousness and enthusiasm in dream images.
Li Bai's "heavy spirit" is also manifested in his lyric form of surging waves.
In the process of creation, the poet's feelings are often like a torrent, overwhelming, and there is a powerful force in it. Therefore, in the choice of poetic style, he rarely uses relatively limited metrical poems, but prefers ancient poems, especially seven-character metrical poems, which are easy to gallop freely and express freely. Moreover, Li Bai's poetic style is more free than before. For example, Shu Dao Nan uses a lot of miscellaneous words with uneven length, and it uses a unique sentence pattern from the beginning:
"alas, alas,
The risk is high,
Such a trip is more difficult than climbing the blue sky. "
Then there are five words, seven words, sometimes as short as three or four words, sometimes as long as a dozen words, such as: "This is at stake, why did you come all the way?" Although the pass of the watchtower is strong and steep, one person guards it and ten thousand people can't beat it. What if he is not loyal, but a wolf to his companions? . "Push the poet's passion to a climax step by step in the flexion and extension of sentence patterns. Li Bai's poems are also very jumping, often revealing fickle emotional activities in the turmoil of opening and closing. What runs through these leaps is not the logic of life, but the traces of emotion. For example, "Farewell Minister Shu Yun in Xuanzhou Xie Tiao Villa" cloud:
Since yesterday, I have to leave Bolt and me behind. It hurts my heart even more today. Autumn geese are escorted by Changfeng, and I treat them in this villa and drink my wine. Great writers are all your brushes in their bones. In the school in heaven, I grew up beside you. We all hold high the idea of going far away and want to go to heaven to embrace the bright moon. But since the water is still flowing, although we cut it off with our swords, let's raise our glasses to ease our worries. Since the world can't satisfy our desire, I will let go of my hair and get on a fishing boat tomorrow.
There are only twelve sentences in the whole poem, but the poet's emotional activities have experienced several ups and downs.
The first two sentences begin with sadness, but from the third sentence, the realm suddenly changes, the poet is full of energy and his mood becomes so high that