The 45th biography of Bian Que Canggong
Qiu Yongshan's translation
It shows that this is a joint biography of ancient famous doctors. One was Bian Que in the Warring States Period, and the other was Chunyu Yi in the early Western Han Dynasty. Through the introduction of famous doctors' achievements more than two thousand years ago, people can understand that the traditional Chinese medicine had reached a quite high level at that time. These medical scientists are not only good at comprehensively using the diagnostic methods of looking, smelling, asking and feeling; You can also use various therapeutic methods such as decoction, acupuncture, medicated wine, medicated ironing, massage, and even diet therapy; They also treat a wide range of diseases, such as internal medicine, surgery, gynecology, pediatrics, facial features and other subjects in modern medicine. At the same time, we can also see the improvement of medical theory at that time. Through the efforts of them and their predecessors, the basic theory of traditional medicine has begun to take shape, and people are trying to master this theory to guide medical practice. They all advocate that the treatment should proceed from the actual condition, carefully sum up experiences and lessons in time, and oppose the wrong attitude of generalizing, tasting and sticking to the rules. They also raised some questions about disease prevention, reflecting that preventive medicine has also attracted the attention of these far-sighted physicians.
Bian Que and Chunyu Yi in the author's works are both artistic images with some legendary colors and deeply rooted in real life. Legendary colors make the characters' personalities more vivid and vivid; Rooted in life, their words and manners are real, which enhances the authenticity of their images. This combination of romance and realism, as well as romanticism and realism, also makes the artistic image in the biography divine but not false, strange but not born, exaggerated but not inaccurate. This is the most distinctive feature of this article. In addition, ancient medical books often have overlapping terms, and the words are abstract and crude, which makes people flinch. What this article talks about is mainly medical skills. However, the author can see the ups and downs from time to time in the plain narration, which is easy to read and easy to understand. The story and popularity of the article have been improved to some extent, so this highly professional article will naturally arouse more readers' interest in reading. Thirdly, the material selection of the article is also quite ingenious. In this paper, the important lives of Bian Que and Chunyu Yi, especially the process of studying under the teacher and the exquisite medical skills, can all be described without hesitation. Writing about famous doctors and medical skills can avoid this disadvantage, which shows the value orientation of the author when choosing materials. When introducing Chunyu Yi, the article selected 24 pieces of materials similar to medical records, but the author made them wonderful and novel, which made people feel redundant, fully showed his superb and exquisite medical skills, and the image of an amazing medical scientist appeared vividly in front of people.
Bian Que is from Mao, Bohai County. His surname is Qin and his name is Yue. When I was young, I was the director of a guest house. A guest named Chang Sangjun came to the guest house. Only Bian Que thought he was a strange man and always treated him respectfully. Chang Sangjun also knows that Bian Que is not an ordinary person. He has been coming and going for more than ten years. One day, he asked Bian Que to sit with himself and quietly said to Bian Que, "I have a secret prescription. I am old and want to pass it on to you. Don't leak it." Bian Que said, "All right, yes." Only then did he take a medicine out of his arms and give it to Bian Que, and said, "Take this medicine with the dew on the vegetation, and you will know many things in thirty days." Then he took out all the secret recipes and gave them to Bian Que. All of a sudden, people disappeared. Maybe he is not a mortal. Bian Que can see people on the other side of the wall after taking the medicine for 3 days as he said. Therefore, when seeing other people's diseases, you can see all the symptoms in the five internal organs, but on the surface, you are still feeling the pulse for the patient. Sometimes he practices medicine in Qi and sometimes in Zhao. In the state of Zhao, his name was Bian Que.
During the reign of Zhao Gong, many doctors were powerful and the monarch was weak. Zhao Jianzi was a doctor, but he was in charge of state affairs. Zhao Jianzi was ill and unconscious for five days. The doctors were very worried, so they called Bian Que. Bian Que went out after visiting the doctor, and the doctor Dong Anyu asked Bian Que about his illness. Bian Que said, "His blood is normal, so why should you be surprised?"! This happened in Qin Mugong once upon a time, and I was in a coma for seven days before waking up. On the day I woke up, I told Gongsun Zhi and Ziyu:' I was very happy when I arrived at the Emperor of Heaven. I've been gone for so long, and it happened that the Emperor of Heaven wanted to teach me. The Emperor of Heaven told me that "there will be chaos in the State of Jin, and there will be instability in the Five Dynasties. After that, someone will become the overlord, and he will die soon. The son of the overlord will make men and women in your country promiscuous. " Gong Sunzhi wrote these words down and collected them. Later, it was recorded in the history books of Qin State. Jin Xiangong's chaos, Jin Wengong's hegemony, and Duke Xiang of Jin's defeat of Qin Jun's licentiousness behind the food mountain are all known to you. Now your Lord's illness is the same as his, and he will recover in less than three days, and he will certainly say something after recovery.
after two and a half days, Zhao Jianzi woke up and told the doctors, "I was very happy to go to the Emperor of Heaven, playing with the gods in the middle of the sky, where all kinds of musical instruments played a lot of music and danced all kinds of dances, unlike the music and dances of the three generations in ancient times." There was a bear trying to catch me. The Emperor ordered me to shoot it, and the bear was killed. There was a cockroach coming, and I shot it again, and I hit it again, and I died. The Emperor of Heaven was very happy and gave me two bamboo barnacles (Si, Temple), both of which were filled with jewelry. I saw my son beside the Emperor, who entrusted me with a dog, and said, "Give it to your son when he grows up." The Emperor of Heaven told me: "The State of Jin will decline from generation to generation, and will perish after seven generations. Qin people will defeat Zhou people in the west of Fan Kui, but they can't own his regime. " After listening to these words, Dong Anyu recorded and collected them. People told Zhao Jianzi what Bian Que had said, and Zhao Jianzi gave Bian Que 4, mu of land.
Later, Bian Que passed through Guo. Just as Prince Guo died, Bian Que came to the door of the palace of Guo and asked a Chinese monk who loved medical skills, "What's wrong with the prince? Why do the national sacrifices to eliminate evil and get rid of diseases exceed many other things?" Zhongshuzi said: "The prince's illness is that the blood gas runs irregularly, and the yin and yang are staggered and cannot be vented, and violently erupts on the body surface, causing internal organs to be damaged. The healthy qi of the human body can't stop the evil spirits, and the evil spirits accumulate and can't be vented. Therefore, the yang pulse is relaxed and the yin pulse is urgent, so I suddenly fainted and died. " Bian Que asked, "When did he die?" Zhongzizi replied: "From the cock crow to the present." Ask again: "Have you collected it?" Answer: "No, he hasn't been dead for half a day." "Please tell Guo Jun that I am Qin Yueren of Bohai County, and my home is in the land of Mian. I failed to look up to the look of the king and visit and serve in front of him. I heard that the prince is dead, and I can bring him back to life. " The concubines said, "Sir, isn't that nonsense? How can the prince be resurrected? I heard that in ancient times, there was a doctor named Yu Qing, who didn't use decoction, medicated wine, needles, needles, needles, massage and medicated ironing to treat diseases. As soon as he untied his clothes, he knew where the disease was, followed the acupoints of the five internal organs, then cut open the skin, cut open the muscles, dredge the meridians, tie the tendons and tendons, and treated the brain marrow to touch the cream. If you can't do this, but want to regenerate him, you can't deceive a child who just laughed with such words. " It was a long time before Bian Que looked up at the sky and sighed and said, "The treatments you mentioned are just like looking at the sky from a bamboo tube and the patterns from a crack. The treatment method I use can tell where the cause is without taking the pulse, looking at the face, listening to the voice and observing the patient's posture. Knowing the external manifestations of the disease can infer the internal causes; Knowing the internal causes of the disease can infer the external manifestations. Illness in the human body will be reflected from the body surface, so that patients thousands of miles away can be diagnosed. I have many ways to decide, and I can't just look at the problem from one angle. If you don't think what I said is true and reliable, if you try to go in and see the prince, you should hear his ears ringing, see his nose flapping, and touch his genitals along his legs, which should still be warm. "
After listening to Bian Que's words, the concubines' eyes were glazed and they couldn't blink, and their tongues were stuck up and they couldn't speak. Later, they went in and told Guo Jun what Bian Que had said. Guo Jun was very surprised when he heard this. He went out of the imperial palace to meet Bian Que at the middle gate of the palace and said, "I have heard that you have noble character for a long time, but I can't meet you in front of you. This time, sir, you passed through our small country. I hope you can help us. I am so lucky as a king of this remote country. My son can be saved with Mr. Wang. Without Mr. Wang, he will dump his body in the wild and fill the ravine, and die forever without resurrection. " Before the words were finished, he was sad and choked with anger, his spirit was scattered and trance, and he shed tears for a long time. Tears rolled down his eyelashes, and his sadness could not be restrained, and his appearance and expression changed. Bian Que said, "Your prince's illness is what people call a corpse. That's because the yang qi is trapped in the yin pulse, and the pulse gas is entangled to impulse the stomach, and the damaged meridians are blocked and injected into the lower jiao and bladder respectively. Therefore, the yang pulse falls, the yin qi rises, and the yin and yang qi converge and block each other, which is not smooth. Yin qi goes against the trend, and Yang qi has to move inward, but it can't rise when it is encouraged in vain. It can't be sent by Yin qi when it is blocked in the world. There is a vein that isolates Yang qi in the world, and there is a tendon that destroys Yin qi in the world, so that Yin qi is destroyed and Yang qi is isolated, which makes people's face decline and blood vessels are chaotic, so people will be as quiet as death. The prince is not actually dead. Those who block the dirty qi because the yang enters the yin can be cured, while those who block the dirty qi because the yin enters the yang will die. All these situations will suddenly occur when the five internal organs are in syncope. A good doctor can cure this disease, and a poor doctor will make the patient dangerous because of confusion.
Bian Que told his student Zi Yang to sharpen the needle stone, and he knew how to take acupuncture points. After a while, the prince woke up. Let the students prepare the medicine that can be put into the body for ironing, and add the medicine of the eight-reduced prescription to mix and decoct, and iron it alternately under two sides. The prince can sit up. Further reconcile yin and yang, and after only 2 days of taking the decoction, the body will recover as before. Therefore, people all over the world think that Bian Que can bring the dead back to life. Bian Que said, "I can't bring the dead back to life. This is what he should live. All I can do is to make him recover."
when Bian Que arrived in the state of qi, the marquis of qi Huan treated him as a guest. He went to the imperial court to visit Huan Hou and said, "You have a minor illness between your skin and muscles. If you don't treat it, it will go deep into your body." Huan Hou said, "I'm not sick." After Bian Que walked out of the palace gate, Huan Hou said to the people around him: "Doctors love utilitarianism and want to say that people who are not sick are merits of their own treatment." Five days later, Bian Que went to see Huan Hou again and said, "Your disease is already in your blood. If you don't treat it, I'm afraid it will go deep into your body." Huan Hou said, "I'm not sick." After Bian Que went out, Huan Hou was unhappy. Five days later, Bian Que went to see Huan Hou again and said, "Your illness is already in the gastrointestinal tract. If you don't treat it, it will invade your body deeper." Huan Hou refused to answer. After Bian Que went out, Huan Hou was unhappy. Five days later, Bian Que went again, and when he saw Huan Hou, he ran away backwards. Huan Hou sent someone to ask him why he ran. Bian Que said: "The disease is between skin and flesh, and the efficacy of decoction and medicine ironing can achieve the purpose of treating diseases;" Diseases are in the blood, and the purpose of treating diseases can be achieved by the efficacy of acupuncture and stone-cutting; If the disease is in the stomach, the efficacy of medicinal liquor can achieve the purpose of treating the disease; When a disease enters the bone marrow, even the God in charge of life is helpless. Now that the disease has entered the bone marrow, I no longer ask for treatment for him. " Five days later, Huan Hou was seriously ill and sent for Bian Que. Bian Que had fled Qi. Huan Hou died of illness.
If Huan Hou can know the undiscovered disease in advance and make a good doctor diagnose and treat it as soon as possible, then the disease can be cured and his life can be saved. People worry that there are too many diseases, and doctors worry that there are too few ways to treat them. Therefore, there are six kinds of sick situations that cannot be cured: being arrogant, indulgent and unreasonable is a cure; Ignoring the body and valuing money is the second cure; Clothing and diet can not be properly adjusted, which is three incurable; Yin and yang disorder, abnormal function of five internal organs, is four incurable; If the body is very weak (léi, thunder) and can't take medicine, it is five incurable; Those who are superstitious about witchcraft and don't believe in medical skills are six incurable. There is such a situation, it is very difficult to treat.
Bian Que's reputation spread all over the world. When he arrived in Handan, he learned that local people respected women and became a doctor for treating women's diseases. When I arrived in Los Angeles, I heard that Zhou people loved the elderly, so I became a doctor who specialized in treating deafness, dizziness and limb pain. When I arrived in Xianyang, I learned that Qin people loved children and became a doctor to treat children's diseases. He changed the scope of his treatment according to the customs of different places. Li Yi, the physician of the State of Qin, knew that his medical skill was inferior to that of Bian Que, and sent someone to assassinate Bian Que. Up to now, people all over the world who talk about pulse-taking have followed Bian Que's theory and practice.
Bian Que is a native of Zheng Yeyi, Bohai County, whose surname is Qin, whose name is Yue. When I was young, I was a teacher. Sang Jun, the guest's chief, passed ④, and Bian Que was unique, so he often met ⑤. Long San Jun also knows that Bian Que is very human. After more than ten years in and out, I called Bian Que to sit in private, and said, "I have a forbidden prescription. I am old and want to tell it to the public. I don't want to let it out." Bian Que said, "To honor your promise." Therefore, he gave Bian Que Chinese medicine: "Drinking is the water in the above pool (11), and you should know the things in 3 days (12)." It is noted that Bian Que (13) took its forbidden prescription. Suddenly disappeared, almost inhuman (14). Bian Que took medicine by his words for 3 days, and he saw one side of the wall (15). Depending on the disease, we can see the crux of the five internal organs (16), especially taking pulse diagnosis as the name ear. For the doctor or in Qi, or in Zhao. In Zhao's name is Bian Que.
① Zheng: According to Research on Historical Records, there is no Zheng County in Bohai County, and Zheng is regarded as Mao. ② Surname Qin: In the pre-Qin period, surnames were racial titles related by blood, and surnames were branches derived from surnames. In the Han dynasty, surnames were unified and commonly called surnames. The surname Qin is the surname Qin. (3) Head of the house: the person in charge of the house where guests are accommodated. 4 Changsang: compound surname. F: Yes. ⑤ Respect. Meet: treat each other and receive. 6 ordinary people: ordinary people, ordinary people. ⑦ Idle: Pass "between" and quietly. 8 Forbidden prescription: secret recipe. ⑨ No: Pass "Nothing" and don't. Attending to honor: Respectfully reply. Promise, promise. (11) The water in the upper pond refers to the dew of vegetation. (12) knowing things: insight into things. (13) note: all. (14) non-human: it means not ordinary people. (15) the side of the wall: the side of the wall. (16) Crux: refers to the disease of caking in the stomach, which refers to the cause.
When Jin Zhaogong was in power, the doctors were strong and the public was weak, and Zhao Jianzi was a doctor, specializing in state affairs. Jane's illness, five days I don't know people (3), doctors are afraid, so called Bian Que. When Bian Que entered the hospital and went out, Dong Anyu asked Bian Que, and Bian Que said, "It's also possible to treat by blood, but why blame it?"! Yesterday, Qin Mugong tasted this, and he was defeated in seven days. On the day of death, I told Gong Sunzhi and Zi Yu,' My emperor is very happy. I have been studying for a long time, and I have learned something. The emperor told me, "The state of Jin is in chaos, and the fifth generation is uneasy.". Then he will bully (11) and die before he is old (12). The son of a bully makes no difference between men and women in the country (13). " Gongsun hid it as a branch secretary (14), and Qin Ce came out (15). The chaos of the husband offering the public (16), the hegemony of the literary public, and the Xiang public defeated the Qin teacher in the cuisine and returned to the vertical prostitution (17), which is what this son heard. Today, the Lord's illness is the same with it, and he will be idle within three days (18), and he will have words when he is idle.
① Gongzu: This refers to the monarch. 2 specialization: specialization, monopoly. 3 I don't know people: it means being unconscious. 4 treatment: Ann, normal. 5 and: you, you. 6. Wake up. ⑦ Zhi: Arrive. Di suo: the place where the Emperor of Heaven lives. 8 fitness: just right. Pet-name ruby and: will. ⑩ V: Five Dynasties, referring to