Brief introduction of Lin Zexu:
Lin Zexu (1785 August 30-1850165438+1October 22), a post-official in Fujian (now a native of Minhou County, Fuzhou City), also known as Mushao and Shilin, was named the old man in the village and the night bottle spring. China was a politician, thinker and poet in the late Qing Dynasty. Guan Ju served as Governor of Huguang, Governor of Shaanxi and Gansu, Governor of Yunnan and Guizhou, and was appointed as an imperial envoy twice. Because of its advocacy of banning opium, resisting western aggression and safeguarding China's sovereignty and national interests, it is deeply admired by Chinese all over the world. Historians call him the first person in modern China to see the world. 1On September 20th, 838, Governor Lin Zexu of Huguang told Chen that opium smoking was forbidden. 1On June 3rd, 839, Lin Zexu smoked in Humen. Although Lin Zexu struggled against western invasion all his life, he was open to western culture, science and technology and trade, and advocated learning and using it. According to the literature, he knows at least a little English and Portuguese, and is committed to translating western newspapers and books. Wei Yuan, a thinker in the late Qing Dynasty, compiled the documents translated by Lin Zexu and his aides into "Seaside Map", which inspired the Westernization Movement in the late Qing Dynasty and even the Meiji Restoration in Japan. 1850165438+1On October 22nd, the national hero Lin Zexu died in the old county town of Puning.
Lin Zexu was born in Qianlong for fifty years. After two generations of Jiaqing and Daoguang, Xianfeng died soon after he ascended the throne. He has been in politics for 40 years and has served in many positions. But his integrity and incorruptibility are not only admired by his people, but also won Lin Qingtian's reputation. Even his enemies have to admire his character and contribution. Ling Bao, an Englishman who was the chief culprit of the Second Opium War, commented on Lin Zexu as follows: He served his country faithfully and almost continuously for 36 years. In social life, he is famous for his honesty, wisdom, integrity and no charge.
Lin Zexu held various official positions in 14 province all his life. What makes him outstanding is that he always shows a meticulous sense of responsibility everywhere. With the duty-bound dedication, there are always more ways than difficulties. At that time, some people commented that Lin Zexu was not serious about anything and there was nothing wrong with the law. It's true. Although Lin Zexu's hard-working spirit can't save the fate of the extinction of Qing inkstone, it is undeniable that every practical thing Lin Zexu tried to do has brought benefits to the country and people on local and specific issues. The era we live in is fundamentally different from that of Lin Zexu, but Lin Zexu's fighting spirit will never be out of date. Lin Zexu is never perfunctory in doing everything in every post. Doing things with wisdom runs through the whole process of Lin Zexu's official politics, or Lin Zexu's life is a life of doing things with wisdom.
Lin Zexu, a politician, thinker and poet in Qing Dynasty, has a famous saying.
1. The sea ends, the sky is the shore, and the mountain climbs to the top, and I am the peak. Lin Zexu
2, a hundred rivers, great tolerance; The wall stands a thousand miles, and it is just without desire. Lin Zexu's Inscriptions on the Governor's Mansion's Inscriptions;
3. Do you want to avoid national life and death? Lin Zexu's "Going to Garrison, Going to the City, Zhan Shijia"
4. If children and grandchildren, like me, want money for what, being virtuous and having more money will hurt their aspirations; My children and grandchildren are not as good as me. What do you do with money? Stupid people get more money and their interests increase. Lin Zexu
5. First, bad intentions and feng shui are useless. Second, it is useless to serve God because parents are unfilial. Third, it is useless for brothers not to make friends. Fourth, misbehavior makes reading useless. 5. It's useless to be perverse and clever. 6. It is useless to be arrogant and knowledgeable. Seven, bad luck, vain. Eight, it is useless to take other people's money. Nine, at the expense of vitality, medicine is useless. Ten, lewd lewd, Yin useless. Ten useless works by Lin Zexu
6. The sea is bounded by the boundless sky, and I am a mountain peak. Lin Zexu
7. A hundred rivers are full, and a thousand walls stand without desire.
8. If a country is selfish, it will live and die together, and every cloud has a silver lining will avoid it. Lin Zexu
9. I deeply feel that time is a pity, and the twilight scene can hurt the body. Lin Zexu
10, magnanimous, no desire to stand on the wall. If you just care, you will be confused.
1 1. When opium was not popular, the smoker did not harm the body, so the stick was enough to cover the koo; If you spread poison all over the world, it is very harmful, and the law should be strict. If we still ignore it, it will make the Central Plains bloodless and have no money to pay after decades. Lin Zexu
12, go to the gate of the garrison to show your family (second, you are weak and tired for a long time, and then you will never be tired again. If you are selfish, your country will survive. Why should every cloud has a silver lining avoid it? Exile is just the kindness of the king, and it is just right to keep humble and die. The play tells a story with his wife, trying to destroy the old scalp. Lin Zexu's "Going to Garrison, Going to the City, Zhan Shijia"
13, bad intentions, feng shui useless; It is useless for unfilial parents to serve God. It's no use making friends if brothers are not in harmony; Nature remains the same, reading is useless; It is useless to be arrogant and knowledgeable; Doing things in the opposite direction is smart and useless; It is useless to take medicine at the expense of vitality; It is the cloud that is different, and it is useless to ask for it; It's no use taking other people's money for nothing; Lust, lust is useless. Lin Zexu
Excerpts from famous sayings by Zhang Ming, a politician in Ming Dynasty.
Year: Ming Dynasty
Zhang's works: the remnants of Machiavellian tactics
Zhang introduced:
Zhang (1525- 1582) was born in Huguang Jiangling, China (now Hubei), also known as Zhang Jiangling, and posthumous title was "in the text". Politicians and reformers in Ming Dynasty. Born in the fourth year of Sejong Jiajing (1525), he was smart since childhood. 12 years old candidates, 16 years old candidates. In the 26th year of Jiajing (1547), he was a scholar, and went from Jishi Shu to the Hanlin Academy for editing. In the first year of Qin Long, Mu Zong (1567), Juzheng was appointed as the left assistant minister of the official department and a university student of Dongge. In Liu Chen's Poems, I expounded my views on reforming current politics. After fierce cabinet struggle, he finally joined Gao Gong as Zaifu, a high official and a scholar. In the early years of Wanli, Juzheng conspired with eunuch Bao Feng to chase the high arch (many scholars in modern times objected to conspiring with Bao Feng to chase the high arch), which was recorded on his behalf. At that time, when he was young, Zhang gained the full trust of the Regent's mother. He presided over all the military and political events and implemented a series of political and economic reform measures in the past ten years, which achieved certain results. During the period of 10 when Zhang was the cabinet minister, a series of reform measures were implemented. Financially, the land was cleared and the "one whip method" was implemented, and all taxes and services were paid in silver. "Taicang Xiaomi can last for ten years, and Zeus has accumulated more than four million yuan." Militarily, Qi Jiguang and Li were appointed as the north of the city, and Ling and Yin Zhengmao were used to quell the southwest rebellion. Administratively, a comprehensive assessment is carried out in name and substance, and officials at all levels are assessed by the "examination method". "Although it is thousands of miles away, it is chasing down and chasing in the evening." The regime is in awe.
1582 (ten years of Wanli) died on June 20th at the age of 58 and was given to Zhu Guo and Wen Zhong (both of them were taken away). Zhang was also the only minister in the Ming Dynasty who was awarded a teacher and a teacher before his death. Forbidden by Wanli, it was confiscated after his death, and Ming Di recovered his reputation in the second year of the Apocalypse. He is the author of "Collected Works of Zhang Taiyan", which directly interprets the classics of books and illustrates the emperor's mirror.
Excerpts from famous sayings by Zhang Ming, a politician in Ming Dynasty.
1, I like it if you like it, and I hate it if you hate it. I am one with you, so you are no different to me. -Zhang's "Machiavellian Remains"
2, a gentleman is honest, not in his glory; Treat the inside, not the outside. -Zhang "Reading in the Imperial Academy"
A single spark can start a prairie fire. -Zhang "Answer to the Alienation Theory of Yunnan Governor He Laishan"
4. Fear is thinking, and thinking is subtle; Fear is cautious, and caution is invincible. -Zhang
5, the employer must take the exam, and the appointment must be sought. -Zhang
6, and the so-called immortal three in ancient times, if the husband is spoiled for a long time and the valve is full, it is a vulgar color, not a fairy industry. -Zhang's Reply to Governor Zhu Jinwu of Huguang.
Fifty-nine famous sayings of Confucius, a famous politician.
The famous politician Confucius' classic quote-1. If a worker wants to do a good job, he must sharpen his tools first —— Kong Qiu's The Analects of Confucius and Wei Linggong.
2. A gentleman repents but does not fight, and the group does not belong to the party. The Analects of Confucius
3. A gentleman respects the virtuous and tolerates the masses, and Jiashan regrets it.
4. Don't carve rotten wood, and the wall of dirt can't be destroyed. What is the punishment? -Confucius The Analects of Confucius
5. Listen to his words and abandon his virtue.
6. Believe in learning and die well.
7. Confucius said, "There are no classes in teaching."
8. In French, it is impossible to change it to expensive. It's taken care of. You can't say anything.
9. Filial piety, the classics of heaven, the meaning of the earth.
10. Xian Zaihui also! A spoonful of food, a spoonful of drink, in the mean lane, people can't bear their worries, and they won't change their fun when they go back. Xian is back! -Confucius "On Language"
1 1 An upright person is open and poised, while a narrow-minded person is anxious and worried. -Confucius The Analects of Confucius
12. Lan Zhi was born in a secluded forest, and there is no one here. Xiu De, a gentleman, didn't change his faith because he was poor. Confucius
13. Confucius said, "Going home is a theft of virtue." The Analects of Confucius
14. People who are ambitious are straightforward and righteous. Watch what you say and what you do. Consider the following people.
15. Germany is not alone, but there must be neighbors. -The Analects of Confucius
16. Guan Luo, happy but not lewd, sad but not hurt. -Confucius The Analects of Confucius
17. Let bygones be bygones. -Confucius The Analects of Confucius
18. Listen to what he says and see what he does.
19. Benevolent people do not yield to teachers.
20. A gentleman says (yue) is easy, says (yue) is wrong, and doesn't say (yue).
The famous politician Confucius' classic saying 2 2 1. I start with others, I listen to what he says, and I believe what he does. Today, I am a man. I listen to his words and watch his actions. -Confucius
22. Look at what it is, what it is, and it is safe.
23. Confucius said: "A gentleman has three precepts: when he is young, his blood gas is uncertain, and he should quit with color; It is also strong and bloody, and it is fighting; I am also old, my blood gas is declining, and I have to quit. " -Kong Qiu's The Analects. Jishi "
24. If you don't know life, how do you know death? -Confucius
25. This is tolerable and intolerable.
26. It is my worry that virtue is not cultivated, learning is not emphasized, learning righteousness is not transferred, and poverty cannot be changed. -Confucius The Analects of Confucius 54. If you are partial to one another, you will complain. -Kong Qiu's Analects of Confucius
27. Learning without thinking is useless. -Confucius
28. Look at what it is, look at what it is, look at what it is safe and how thin people are. -Confucius The Analects of Confucius
29. A gentleman is wilder than a villain. A gentleman is guilty of punishment, but a villain is guilty of profit. -Confucius The Analects of Confucius
30. Ersanzi, take me as a secret? I have nothing to hide. I have no two or three sons. This is Ye Qiu. -Confucius The Analects of Confucius
3 1. You can distinguish ten kinds of smells. -"The Analects of Confucius Gongye Chang"
32. Mencius said, "Old people are old, young people are few, and young people are few."
33. Everything is ready, and nothing is ready.
34. If you listen, you will die in the evening. -Confucius The Analects of Confucius
35. aspire to the Tao, rely on morality, rely on benevolence, and swim in art.
36. Tao is virtue, and courtesy is shame.
37. Too much will pass without change. -Confucius
38. If you are poor, you can't get rid of it. -Confucius
39. Confucius said: courtesy is tiring, caution is embarrassing, courage is chaotic, and straightforwardness is twisting. -Confucius 56, Confucius said: a gentleman is knowledgeable in the text, and he can also be a husband! -Confucius
40. A gentleman's trip is also a courtesy. Stone, take its thickness; Things, such as; Convergence, from its thinness. Author: Confucius
The famous politician Confucius' classic saying 3 4 1. He has tried to stand up and become a man, and he has tried to achieve it.
42. That's all right. -"The Analects of Confucius Yongye"
43. Resolute, wooden and close to benevolence.
44. "He is also a human being, and he can't forget his sufferings, and he is also happy to forget his worries. Analects of Confucius
45. Confucius said, "If you don't eat every day, you won't sleep at night. It's useless to think, it's better to learn. "
46. Confucius said, "If you don't learn manners, you can't stand."
47. The state has the means, which is very dangerous to talk about; There is nothing the country can do. It is dangerous to talk about the sun. -Confucius The Analects of Confucius
48. Germany is not idle, and Germany can come and go.
49. A gentleman does not dispute, but does not belong to the Party.
50. Confucius learns without thinking, and thinking without learning is dangerous.
5 1. If a gentleman wants to turn people into customs, he must learn it!
52. The people are enough. What is the difference? There are not enough people. Who is better than you?
53. The knower enjoys water, and the benevolent enjoys Leshan. Those who know move, those who are good are quiet, those who know are happy, and those who are good live longer. The Analects of Confucius shows that those who know are not as good as those who are good, and those who are good are not as good as those who are happy. -Confucius
54. I have never seen such virtue as good color.
55. There are 300 poems. In a word, it is "naive thinking." -Confucius The Analects of Confucius
56. Confucius said, "It is a benevolent person to be able to do five things for the world." Please ask questions. He said, "Be respectful, tolerant, credible and sensitive. Respect is not insulting, forgiveness is popular, faith is responsible, sensitivity is meritorious, and profit can make people. "
57. If you go too far, don't be afraid of change. -"Learning the Analects of Confucius"
58. All evils must be observed; If everyone is good, he will abide by it.
59. I didn't know it from birth. It's so old that I'm eager to seek it.
Famous words of Dong Zhongshu, a thinker in Han Dynasty
Famous words of Dong Zhongshu, a thinker in Han Dynasty
1, Shi Shuai is not virtuous, then the main virtue is not declared, and the grace does not flow.
2. Fame is born of truth, not its real name.
3. Everything is consistent with the name, and the name is consistent with the sky. On the occasion of heaven and man, it is one.
4, the benevolent loves others, and the wise eliminates its harm.
5. Being rich is arrogant, while being poor is worrying.
6. The person who purifies qi is refined, the person who purifies people is virtuous, the person who governs the body takes refined accumulation as treasure, and the person who governs the country takes moral accumulation as the way.
7. Good is not small, and evil is not small.
8. Those who can make the people go and win the world league are invincible.
9. If the father is not the father, the son is not the son. If you are not a gentleman, you will not be a minister.
10, bend people and stretch the king, bend the king and stretch the sky.
1 1, thin collection, saving corvee, and collecting people's resources.
12, the monarch is the minister, the father is the son, and the husband is the wife.
13, complaining about others.
14, sex, natural simplicity; Good people, Wang jiao's change is also.
15, random source, all suspected.
16, quit if you are happy.
17, saints are also good in the world.
18, sick people can't find a good doctor.
19, cheap and powerful.
20. If you want to evaluate the merits, it is better to lead the rope. If you want to judge right or wrong, it is better to quote a name.
2 1, with temperament, if there is yin and yang in the sky.
22. It's up to you to cure chaos and waste.
23. Being a good teacher is both beautiful and cautious.
24. Simply call sex, and sex can't be cultivated.
25. Educate rapists to stop, and their dikes will end; Punishment cannot be won, and the embankment is bad. The ancient king knew this, so he ruled the world from the south, and his main task was enlightenment.
26, often jade is not cut, not a weapon; A gentleman has no virtue without learning.
27. Things have changed. If you don't want to study, you will be learned and knowledgeable. Reluctant to cultivate, I made great contributions from Takhita.
28, the harp is not harmonious, and even the solution will be more open.
29, heaven and man are one, and the monarchy is divine.
30. Inherit God's will and engage in it, and receive moral education instead of imprisonment.
3 1, the greatness of Tao comes from the sky, the sky remains the same, and the Tao remains the same.
32. Stealing the harp is not harmonious with the harp, and even the solution will be more open, but you can beat the drum.
33. If you speak for yourself, you can't stop it. What you did is in your body, and you can't hide it.
34. Many a mickle makes a mickle, and many a mickle leads to rejection. Therefore, a saint can't hide or show.
35, the life of heaven is also, the quality of sex is also, and people's desires are also.
Lv Buwei's famous sayings about Qu Yuan and Ouyang Xiu.