First, pay attention to improving water quality management in hot season.
"Water" is the lifeblood of eel industry, and water quality management is the top priority of aquaculture in high temperature season.
1, artificial cooling method. To reduce the water temperature, we can also achieve the purpose of reducing the water temperature by artificial soil, without relying on "air conditioners" or "electric fans".
1. Cover the intensive culture pond with a layer of black shading cloth, so that the shading cloth can not only ventilate, but also block the direct sunlight, increase the coolness of the water surface and reduce the water temperature by about 1℃~2℃. 2. Discharge sewage in advance and change water. Under normal circumstances, sewage is discharged at 8: 00 a.m. to change water, and the high temperature season can be advanced to 6: 00 a.m. because the water body is relatively cooler at night than during the day. When the water temperature is low, the purpose of lowering the water temperature can also be achieved by discharging sewage and changing water. 3. Raise the water level. In high temperature season, the water level will rise to the highest boundary in both soil ponds and intensive ponds. High water level, large water space and slow heating are also good ways to cool down. 4. Increase the amount of water exchanged. When the temperature is the highest at noon, adding some cold water to the pool by using mechanical wells or deep wells can also achieve obvious cooling effect.
2. Flood elimination method. The high temperature season is also a season of frequent rainstorms. Eel farms often suffer from eel poisoning, insect pests, gill rot and other diseases due to floods. How to avoid flooding into the pond?
1. In case of rainstorm, it is better not to feed, discharge pollutants or change water, and it is better to feed one meal less than to risk flooding. 2. What if there is a little flood in the pool? Once there is a little flood in the pool, use potassium permanganate 1.5ppm to adjust the water quality, or use quicklime 15-20ppm to improve the water quality, or use water purification treasure? 3ppm, purified water. 3. Adjust and change the time of sewage discharge and water exchange, and stagger the opportunity of direct contact with flood. During the flood period, sometimes sewage can be discharged in advance for water exchange, and sometimes sewage can be discharged in advance for water exchange, which is not limited by convention and avoids flooding into the pool. 4. what should I do if a large number of floods enter the pool? Once a large number of floods occur in the pool, the feeding should be stopped first, then purified with water quality improvers such as Haizhongbao, and finally potassium permanganate 2? Ppm+ Insecticide 2# is used for pest control, sterilization and disinfection.
Second, do a good job in disease prevention and control in high temperature season.
Due to the formal implementation of the "positive list" in Japan, the pressure on eel breeding industry has increased, especially in high temperature season, which is more difficult and demanding. In this case, we should do a good job in disease prevention and control.
1, control the feeding speed. In high temperature season, eating eels well can easily lead to overfeeding. Once overfeeded, the liver load of eels increases and the autoimmune function naturally decreases. In hot season, it is easy to cause enteritis or other diseases. Therefore, special attention should be paid to bait control during this period. Under normal circumstances, the bait is controlled at 8-9 minutes, and it is controlled at 6-7 minutes in high temperature season.
2. Disinfectants in high temperature season are different from usual. As the temperature rises, the water temperature also rises, and drugs have different effects at different temperatures. For example, the efficacy of chlorine-containing disinfectants can be doubled when the water temperature is high 10℃. In addition, eel is very sensitive to drugs in high temperature season, because eel itself has no thermoregulation function, and its body temperature changes with the change of water temperature, so eel is sensitive to drugs, and drugs are sensitive to water temperature, so the dosage in high temperature season is half or two-thirds of usual.
3. Chinese herbal medicine is mainly used to prevent and treat diseases in high temperature season. Chinese herbal medicine is the medical treasure of the Chinese nation. Chinese herbal medicine is not affected by temperature and has no drug residue. It is an ideal drug for aquaculture today. Here we recommend two Chinese herbal medicines for preventing and treating eel diseases in high temperature season: 9675g, 5g of Houttuynia cordata, 5g of Portulaca oleracea, 5g of Bidens bipinnata and 3g of Crataegus pinnatifida, which are decocted and fed for 7 days. ○2 Prevention and treatment of gill rot: Coptidis Rhizoma, Radix et Rhizoma Rhei, Andrographis paniculata, Radix Isatidis and Galla Chinensis each 5? Ppm, boiling to get the liquid, splashing it all over the pool, and keeping it for 18 hours.
Chinese herbal medicine is not only a good medicine for eel to prevent and treat diseases in high temperature season, but also the first choice to avoid drug residues, deal with "positive list" and create food safety production.
Third, high temperature season attaches great importance to disaster prevention and relief work.
The high temperature season every year is also a season of frequent natural disasters, especially in coastal areas, where typhoons and rainstorms frequently patronize. In the meantime, we should attach great importance to disaster prevention and relief work.
1, be prepared for danger in times of peace. Eel farming is a first-line industry close to nature. Farmers in the front line should first have the idea of disaster prevention and resilience, and then establish emergency plans and necessary material preparations to deal with natural disasters. At the same time, they should know the local flood season and keep close contact with the local authorities. In the disaster-prone season, we should pay special attention to the weather forecast of the meteorological department.
2. What should I do if the typhoon comes? When the typhoon came, the insulation shed and power facilities in the eel farm were most seriously damaged. Usually, before the typhoon comes, the plastic film of all the heat preservation sheds in the field should be fixed and the power facilities in the field should be maintained.
3. What should I do if there is a power outage after the typhoon and flood? Because natural disasters often cause serious damage to power facilities, power outages usually occur after typhoons. What if your generator set is also damaged at this time? The most effective rescue method is to use oxygen-increasing agent or let all the water in the culture pond be drained, and only keep the water level of 10- 15 cm, because eels can breathe air with their skin. When there is no oxygen in the water, as long as the water is released, the eel will surface and be safe. If you don't take these measures, or don't know how to take them, it will be a heavy loss. Sometimes a word and a phone call can save a huge loss of an eel farm.
The hot season is not terrible, as long as you deal with it seriously, you can make a smooth transition.