Architectural style is the characteristic of the nation and the times. The architectural styles of various times and nationalities almost condensed all the local superstructures and ideological souls at that time. Therefore, the cosmology of "harmony between man and nature" permeates the bottom of various theories, and the idea of "traditional geomantic omen" is embedded in the hearts of every common people, which will inevitably affect the formation and change of architectural style.
The architectural styles of Yanchun villagers' houses are similar, and the interior decoration styles are basically unified. Most of the ancient houses are bucket-type wooden frames with one to three floors, surrounded by wind and volcano walls, with Shikumen Square as the gate and the blue brick facade of water mill. The plane layout is generally three rooms, divided into front hall, back hall and kitchen, with shallow patios in front and back. Andalusite base, lattice doors and windows, slate floor. The most amazing thing is that the "three carvings" of ancient dwellings are lifelike, namely wood carving, brick carving and stone carving.
Influenced by the strict social hierarchy in feudal times, although businessmen were extremely rich, they could not have a prominent social status. According to the regulations of building construction at that time, the merchant's mansion could not open the gate at the street, so he had to find another way, open a side door to build a small courtyard, spend more effort to decorate the house with exquisite stone carvings, brick carvings and wood carvings, integrate his pursuit, ancestors and dreams, and pin his hopes on future generations. Therefore, when you enter an ancient house, you enter an elegant and fresh art hall and a strong atmosphere of China traditional culture.
Yanchang villagers' residence is characterized by quadrangles, shallow patios, two-story buildings, gatehouses, white walls and horse-headed walls, mostly in the form of patios. The so-called "patio" is actually an open-air courtyard, but the area is small. It's hot, rainy and humid here, with many hills, narrow people, compact layout and dense buildings, so the layout of residential buildings pays more attention to sun protection and ventilation, and also pays great attention to fire prevention. The basic units of residential buildings are centered on the horizontal rectangular patio, surrounded by buildings on all sides or on the left, right and back sides, with less sunshine; The narrow and high patio played a role in pulling out the wind; The main house, that is, the main house faces the patio, which is completely open and can see the sun; Every house drains to the patio, which is called "four waters return to the hall" in geomantic theory, which means that money does not flow out. The periphery often rises to seal the volcanic wall, because it looks like a horse's head, also known as the horse's head wall, which is conducive to preventing the fire from spreading. Horsehead wall is also a major modeling feature of southern residential buildings. The walls are higher than the roof, and the outline is stepped. The length of the roof eaves varies with the depth of the house. Horsehead walls with varied eaves are widely used in Jiangnan dwellings, which are divided into one, two, three and four levels. Usually trivalent and tetravalent are more common. The brick wall of the volcano wall is painted with white ash, and the top of the wall is covered with two layers of blue tiles. White walls and tiles are beautiful and elegant. In ancient villages, some people built a nice town house in front of their house.
The architectural style of Yanchun Village is mostly a bucket-type wooden frame with one to three floors, surrounded by volcanic walls, the gate is Shikumen Square and the water mill blue brick facade. The plane layout is generally three rooms, which are divided into front hall, back hall and kitchen, and there is a shallow patio behind it. Andalusite foundation, lattice doors and windows, bluestone floor. The most amazing thing is the "Three Carvings" art, with a beam decorated with waves, which is as blessed as a bat in the East China Sea and is rare. There is also a cylinder carved from a whole piece of blue stone. It is said that the weather can be predicted according to the turbidity of water. The fork in the road is called the crater, and there is a well that can melt it. It is said that in the past, every household in the village was connected with each other, so they could enter the house without getting wet in rainy and snowy weather. But now, because some houses have been demolished, this scene can no longer be seen, but now walking in this small village is still like being in the palace of architectural art, which makes people linger. Yanchun is a key protection village for ancient buildings in Jiangxi Province.
From a distance, these ancient houses are a large blank powder wall in appearance, with several small holes and windows embedded in the powder wall, forming a contrast effect between the whole and the part, and between the surface and the point, which embodies the meaning of "Taoism is natural". The interior and exterior walls focus on the architectural modeling of the horse head wall and gables, especially the eaves of the horse head wall fly up, which outlines the sky of the wall and the house in the blue sky and increases the rhythmic beauty of the space.
In Wuyuan, the official residence is different from the commercial residence. The official residence pays attention to charm, and the business and residence pay attention to wealth. The ancient buildings in Yancun reflect the prayers of businessmen from all over the world. According to the historical records of place names and genealogy in Wuyuan County, Yancun was founded in the Yuanfeng period of the Northern Song Dynasty (1078- 1085), and the earliest residents living here were Cha, Wu, Cheng and Lv. In the Zheng De period of Ming Dynasty (1506-655)
Most of the ancient houses in Yancun are white walls and tiles. The overall color effect is mainly black and white, giving people an elegant aesthetic feeling.
The most distinctive features of Yancun are the commercial gates and brick carvings. At present, there are 56 residential buildings in the village, most of which were built in the years of Qing Qianlong and Jiaqing, and are famous merchants' courtyards. The gatehouse of each quadrangle is a word "up", and every household is a high-rise building with a high wall, which has the function of fire prevention. The positive figure is "four waters return to the hall". Most of the rainwater flows into the home through the hidden water pipes on both sides of the gate, and the sunlight and rainwater overflow into the patio. There is a saying that "fat water doesn't flow to outsiders." Ancient clever architects used turtles' ability to drill holes to make them dig out sewers. Because the tortoise has a long life and can work for many years, the sewer it dug will not be blocked and the yard will be kept clean.