Introduction: In the field of Chinese archaeology, the most mysterious imperial tomb is the tomb of the Yuan Dynasty. The emperor of the Yuan Dynasty used a method of building mausoleums without trees and seals, so no mausoleums have been discovered so far. In addition, the most suspenseful dynasty is the Jin Dynasty established by Sima. According to records in the Shu Year of the Jin Dynasty, there are 15 recorded emperor tombs in the Western and Eastern Jin Dynasties, distributed in Mang Mountain in Luoyang, Henan, and in the mountainous areas outside Nanjing. However, the specific location and scale are eternal mysteries and cannot be confirmed yet.
Why are the tombs of the Jin Dynasty very low-key instead of building the tombs of emperors as aggressively as in the Han and Tang dynasties? This also starts with Sima Yi, the founder of the Jin Dynasty. Although Sima Yi never served as emperor for a day, he was still made emperor by his descendants after his death, just like his old boss Cao Cao.
In 249 AD, Sima Yi launched the "Gaopingling Incident" and successfully seized the power of Wei. But Sima Yi became worried after seizing power. Tomb robbing was prevalent in society at that time, and the tombs of emperors of the Western Han and Eastern Han Dynasties were repeatedly stolen. It is said that in order to prevent tomb robbers, the traitor Cao Cao personally ordered someone to build a 72-year-old suspicious tomb to hide it from others.
Faced with such serious tomb robbing, Sima Yi made a "three no's" will to his descendants before his death. From now on, Sima's tomb will be built without graves, trees, or insults.
The capital of the Western Jin Dynasty was Luoyang, Henan, so the tombs were all located on Beimang Mountain in the north of Luoyang. Beimang Mountain is located on the south bank of the Yellow River. It has "majestic terrain and excellent scenery." It is one of the most famous Feng Shui treasures in China. From the pre-Qin Dynasty to the Eastern Han Dynasty, countless emperors, generals and ministers built tombs in Beimang Mountain. There has been a saying in ancient times that "born in Suzhou and Hangzhou, buried in Beimang".
After the fall of the Western Jin Dynasty, Sima Yi's great-grandson Sima Rui proclaimed himself emperor in Jiankang, which was known as the Eastern Jin Dynasty in history. The Eastern Jin Dynasty tombs are mainly distributed outside the city of Nanjing. They are located in Yang of Jilong Mountain, where four emperors of Yuan, Ming, Cheng, and Ai are buried. Five emperors Kang, Xiaowu, An, and Gong are buried in Fushan District. The Beiling District is on Mufu Mountain. On the sunny side, Moody is buried here.
In 1980, Nanjing Electric Machinery Factory built a factory on a 20-meter-high mound in the Mufu Mountain area, with a length of more than 50 meters from north to south and a width of more than 200 meters from east to west. An ancient tomb of the Jin Dynasty was accidentally discovered. The Nanjing archaeological team arrived after hearing the news and conducted rescue excavations on the ancient tomb.
According to the records in Jiankang Records, the archaeological team inferred that the owner of this large mausoleum was Emperor Sima Dan. After his death, he was buried in "Mufu Mountain Yang" with the tomb number "Yongping" and "Yi". Zhou forty paces, one foot six feet high." This tomb has been robbed many times in history, and only a limited number of cultural relics have been unearthed. The bones of the tomb owner in the main tomb have also been destroyed, and there are no imitators.
Archaeologists said that the Yongping Mausoleum of Emperor Mu of the Jin Dynasty was the only tomb in the Jin Dynasty with a mound, which seriously violated Sima Yi's ancestral motto of "No grave, no tree, no respect." Because the Yongping Mausoleum violated Sima Yi's last words and built a large-scale enclosure, it was easy to be discovered by tomb thieves, and theft was serious.
In fact, apart from the Yongping Tomb, the owner of the East Jin Tomb in Nanjing cannot be confirmed. It is said that the Chongping Mausoleum of Jin Dynasty Emperor Sima Wende was discovered in Fugui Mountain in the urban area in 1964, and the Xingping Mausoleum of Jin Dynasty Emperor Sima Rui was discovered in Nanda Beiyuan in 1972. There are no artifacts in the tomb that can prove the identity of the tomb owner. They are subjective speculations by archaeologists but are inconclusive.