/kloc-in the winter of 0/929, more than 60 poor peasants in Shuikou and Lutan held armed riots, and the Soviet government in Shuikou District was established, and the township Soviet government was also established in Lutan and other villages. Liu, 15 years old, resolutely participated in the revolution. Because of his outstanding performance, he was elected as the captain of Lutan Township. At the beginning of the second year, he and seven young people from the same village joined the China Youth League, and he served as the secretary of the Youth League branch in Su Xiang. Soon, in a collective activity, the regiment was suddenly surrounded by local armed forces of the Kuomintang and was in a desperate situation. Liu kept calm and directed other members to deal with the enemy. Trapped in a tight encirclement, they not only cleverly got rid of the enemy's containment, but also miraculously seized a gun and defected to the Red Army. Tan Zheng, then director of the Political Department of the Red Twelve Army, heard their stories and personally met them, praising Liu's courage and wit and arranging him as a correspondent in the 108th Regiment of the 36th Division of the Red Twelve Army.
After arriving in the army, Liu worked hard to learn military skills and developed a good marksmanship. Soon, the troops were reorganized, and he served as the monitor of the pistol class of the third regiment of the first division of the Red Army Corps. In the anti-encirclement campaign in the Central Soviet Area, Liu gave full play to his military talents and achieved many successes. Although he is young and not tall, he fought bravely like a fierce tiger, which earned him the reputation of "Little Tiger". Coupled with his resourcefulness, courage and prudence, he soon grew into an excellent grassroots commander with excellent military and political quality. 193 1 year gloriously joined the China * * production party, 1933 was promoted to the platoon leader of the reconnaissance platoon of the third regiment of the first division of the Red Army Corps, and 1934 was promoted to the reconnaissance division again.
On the way to the Long March, the reconnaissance company led by Liu was mainly responsible for avant-garde tasks, and sometimes it was also responsible for the rear of the whole army. It encountered many difficulties and obstacles, but it was able to save the day, overcome difficulties again and again, successfully completed all the arduous tasks assigned by its superiors, and made outstanding contributions to the victory of the Long March.
19341In late October, Guangdong warlord Chen sent troops to intercept the Red Army in Wujing and Xintian. The Red Army Corps gave Liu an order: resolutely destroy the enemy of Wujing Xintian. 654381at dawn on October 27th, Liu's team quietly moved to Xintian, and stormed more than 200 enemies who were digging trenches on the hillside near Xintian market with lightning speed. The enemy left more than 20 bodies and fled for their lives. 65438+At the end of February, the Red Army, which entered Guizhou, was ready to break through the Wujiang defense line heavily guarded by the enemy and capture Zunyi in the north. Liu received a reconnaissance mission to cross the river, that is, he sent a reconnaissance team composed of six people, including Liu Pinzhang, to sneak into the Wujiang River in the rain at night, captured three people, and obtained the protection of Wang Jialie troops in Zunyi, Tongzi and Wujiang River, providing accurate information for the Red Army's operations. 193565438+1On October 3, Liu was ordered to lead a team to cooperate with the battalion commander of the avant-garde battalion of the Second Division to seize Zunyi City. They took advantage of the enemy's surprise, captured two enemy battalions outside Zunyi City, and then disguised themselves as Kuomintang troops to cheat Zunyi City Gate, and our Red Army took the opportunity to rush in. At the same time, Liu commanded the troops to quickly win Honghuagang and control the commanding heights. The ancient city of Zunyi was quickly captured by the Red Army. In July of the same year, the Central Red Army advanced to the Maoergai area. The enemy Li Riji camp was stationed in Maoergai Suohua Temple, and the Red Army launched three attacks, forcing Danielle to break through the northeast of the temple in the dead of night. Liu led the 268th Regiment of the Red Thirty Army to besiege Daniele, 25km west of Lazishan. The wide grass was exposed on both sides. In order to avoid too many casualties of the Red Army, Liu was resourceful and flexible. He divided his troops and attacked the enemy under the cover of houses. In the evening, except for Li Riji who led a few people to escape, all the others were wiped out. In September, the Red Army took a second break in Hadapu, Min County, Gansu Province, and made the reconnaissance companies of two divisions of the Red Army Corps into reconnaissance companies directly under the Corps. Liu served as the deputy company commander. On June+10, 5438, the Red Army successfully reached northern Shaanxi after many difficulties and dangers, and completed the world-famous 25,000-mile Long March. Liu, a young man as strong as a tiger, contracted lung disease because of the harsh environment during the Long March.
After Wuqi blocked the war, the Red Army Corps used the captured horses and equipment to transform the reconnaissance company into a fast-moving cavalry reconnaissance unit. In order to turn the team into a drawn sword, Liu specially invited local people familiar with equestrian to impart experience, and trained horses, fed horses, tamed horses and cavalry tactics with the captured cavalry textbooks of Northeast Army. After a period of intensive training, the combat effectiveness of the troops has doubled. Soon, he took part in the war between the famous Zhiluo town and Heishui River, and took on the task of stopping and chasing the fleeing enemy, which played a vital role in the victory of the campaign. 1935165438+1October, the cavalry reconnaissance company was expanded into a cavalry reconnaissance battalion, with the battalion commander Liang Xingchu and the deputy battalion commander Liu. Three months later, Liu became a battalion commander.
1February, 936, crossed the Yellow River Crusade with the Red Army, the main force of the central government. Liu's cavalry reconnaissance battalion, as a sharp knife in the Eastern Expedition, carried forward the tenacious style of not being afraid of fatigue, being brave in sacrifice and fighting continuously, gave full play to the advantages of cavalry and won three victories in Jin. In Xiaoyi County, an enemy infantry battalion was defeated in Jiuyu, and more than 300 people were floating. Then, he led his troops south to pursue the enemy and met an enemy cavalry company in Hong Tong. He saw the enemy cavalry company with fat horses, brand-new equipment and young soldiers. Thinking of the Party Central Committee's instructions on expanding the Red, he commanded troops to move quickly to surround the enemy, ordered sharpshooters to destroy the enemy company commander, caused the enemy to panic, and carried out political propaganda offensive while narrowing the encirclement. In the face of a powerful offensive, the enemy all surrendered and seized more than 200 horses. The cavalry battalion continued southward, destroying another battalion in wenxi county, capturing more than 200 people and seizing a large number of weapons.
Soon, the cavalry reconnaissance battalion was expanded into a cavalry regiment. Liu became the first head of the cavalry regiment of the Central Red Army. At the inaugural meeting of the cavalry regiment, Liu rode a white horse and faced more than 600 mighty fighters. He said excitedly, "Comrades, we have four more legs under our feet. In the future battlefield, we must charge ahead and show great strength. "
Liu's outstanding performance in the Long March and the Eastern Expedition won Lin Biao's affirmation and appreciation. 1937 In February, Liu was named by Lin Biao to attend the first phase of Yan 'an Anti-Japanese Military and Political University. After the July 7th Incident, the Kuomintang and the Communist Party reached an anti-Japanese agreement, and Liu's cavalry regiment was reduced to 1 15 division cavalry battalion. Due to the needs of the front line, Liu and other freshmen graduated early and returned to the team. In September of the same year, the main force of the Eighth Route Army went to the anti-Japanese front in North China. Liu led the troops to participate in the first battle of the Eighth Route Army against Japan-the Battle of Pingxingguan.
In order to ensure that the Ping-type Pass annihilated the Japanese invaders, the Eighth Route Army headquarters decided to occupy Daoma Pass in advance before the Ping-type Pass started, so as to prevent the Japanese invaders from aiding the East and ensure the safety of the Ping-type Pass flank.
Daomaguan is located on the east side of Pingxingguan, 60 kilometers northwest of Tangxian County. It is named after "the mountain road is steep and the horse falls for it". It has been a battleground for military strategists since ancient times.
1 15 division commander Lin Biao ordered Liu to lead the cavalry battalion and must occupy maguan before 8: 00 on 24th. After accepting the order, Liu immediately returned to Dongying Village, Wutai County, and assembled troops. On September 23, heading for Tumaguan. The mountain roads leading to Daomaguan 120 Huali are narrow roads for single riders, which is not convenient for cavalry to March in a hurry. The officers and men overcame many difficulties, led horses all night, and finally arrived at Daomaguan at 7: 00 a.m. on 24th after 16 hours' March. At this time, a class of Japanese invaders □ Wall Division has occupied the Kansai Bunker of the Great Wall, and 100 Japanese invaders climbed into Tumaguan from the northern slope of the Great Wall. At this critical juncture, Liu immediately ordered the second company to attack the bunker, and seized the commanding heights with the strength of one company to prevent the enemy from climbing the mountain. Two companies and one platoon, led by platoon leader Liu Chongzhi, launched a quick attack and quickly captured the enemy's bunker. At the same time, Liu commanded the troops, launched the enemy first, concentrated fire, and opened fire on the enemy on the north slope, and ordered Liu Yunci, the reconnaissance squad leader, to kill the enemy commander, who was killed. The fighting was fierce, and the soldiers of the cavalry battalion repelled the Japanese army's repeated charges. When it was dark, Liu ordered the troops to launch a general attack on the enemy. The Japanese army was sandwiched between the north and the south, fearing that the whole army would be wiped out, and was forced to abandon Maguan and flee to the south. Our cavalry battalion successfully captured the Daomaguan Pass, which dealt a heavy blow to the enemy's plan to advance southward from Laiyuan and effectively covered the main force to destroy the enemy of Pingpingguan Pass. In this battle, more than 70 people were killed, 6 cavalry battalions were injured and 4 people were killed.
The Battle of Maguan fired the first shot of the Eighth Route Army's anti-Japanese war, and opened the Battle of Pingxingguan. Many years later, General Li Zhongqi, then the deputy battalion commander of the cavalry battalion, wrote a poem to commemorate this campaign: Lugou was connected with the Central Plains by fire, and Pingxingguan was the first battle of the Anti-Japanese War. Since ancient times, the military strategists have been fighting for it, and the iron-blooded soldiers are quick to whip. The bloody battle alone is still fierce, and the former enemy of Liulangbei is frightened. Don't say that I am braver than the sages. The Great Wall is full of horns.
After the Pingxingguan War, Liu led the cavalry battalion and Nie, deputy commander and political commissar of 1 15 Division, to carry out guerrilla warfare in Wutai Mountain area, and established the first anti-Japanese base area behind the enemy lines of the Eighth Route Army.
1937 10, Liu according to the instructions of his superiors, "Quyang must be conquered first, and Quyang Station must be destroyed", and the enemy situation must be carefully investigated. 10 in the morning, the command post department unexpectedly wiped out a squadron of Japanese invaders at Quyang Station, conquered Quyang City and destroyed "maintaining stability". Then attack Wanxian. Captured the puppet troops such as the maintenance president alive, and seized 1 tanks, as well as radio and other communication equipment. Mao Zedong happily told American journalist bertram: "Today, our army recovered Quyang and Tangxian". Since then, he commanded troops to recover Wan and Man counties successively, urged Wang Pu to revolt, eliminated local traitors, puppet Manchurian organizations and bandits, carried out mass work, actively helped to establish the People's Volunteers and the anti-Japanese government, and created favorable conditions for the later establishment of the Third Army Division. In the complicated and chaotic environment on the west side of Pinghan line at that time, Liu struggled to open up the situation and opened up the anti-Japanese base area in Beiyue District. Liu made an immortal contribution to this.
1938, in order to cooperate with Xuzhou Battle and defend Wuhan, instructed by Nie, commander of Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei Military Region, he led a cavalry battalion to cross Pinghan Road and attack Jinpu Line. He fought fiercely with the enemy many times and achieved fruitful results. In June 5438+10, the Japanese army raided the hinterland of the Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei Military Region. Liu led the cavalry battalion to attack more than 300 miles day and night, and beheaded the Japanese army headquarters in Gaomen Town. After a fierce battle day and night, the Japanese headquarters was finally destroyed, making the enemy lose its command center and fall into panic, effectively cooperating with the military region to win the anti-mopping-up.
1940 65438+ 10, Liu Cavalry Battalion was reorganized into the Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei Military Region Cavalry Corps, with over 5,000 people under its jurisdiction. He led the cavalry regiment to various places and was invincible, which dealt a heavy blow to the Japanese aggressors. In August, Liu led the troops to participate in the "Hundred Regiments War". The cavalry regiment was active in Tangxian, Wanxian, Wang Du and Baoding in Hebei Province, and fought dozens of times, killing and injuring hundreds of Japanese and puppet troops. That winter, in the campaign against "mopping up", * * * mobilized 12000 people, destroyed roads and railways 35 times, each time with a distance of 5 to 10 km, and fought fiercely 14 times, killing a large number of Japanese puppet troops.
The cavalry regiment led by Liu galloped in Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei, which frightened the Japanese aggressors. However, due to the long and arduous struggle, his lung disease became more and more serious.
Liu's illness worried the leaders of the military region. They repeatedly urged rest and treatment, but they were all rejected by Liu Wanyan. They still stubbornly commanded the troops to fight the enemy, so that they missed the best period of treatment. 194 1 autumn, under the force of Commander Nie, Liu had to leave work and was admitted to the hospital. He said to Li Zhongqi, deputy head of the delegation who visited him: "When the revolution needed me most, I was lying in a hospital bed."
Nie takes good care of Liu. For safety reasons, he specially arranged for Liu to recuperate in he jia zhuang, and gave Liu his goat's milk to drink, so as to increase his nutrition and try his best to buy medicine for him. But it's too late. 1April, 942 12, Liu died of illness in the hospital of the Ministry of Health of Zhabei Military Region, at the age of 28.
The whole army mourned the untimely death of the hero. The Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei Military Region issued Order No.6, pointing out: "Today, when War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression is about to counterattack, Comrade Liu died unfortunately, which is the loss of our party and army. Specially ordered the troops in the whole region to learn from Comrade Liu, be infinitely loyal to the party's revolutionary cause, bravely and stubbornly put into battle and win the final victory of War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression. " At the same time, in memory of Liu, the government of Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei Border Region made a decision in June of that year, and renamed the county composed of Wangwang,, and three counties not long ago as the county, and set up the "Yun Biao detachment" to encourage the anti-Japanese soldiers and civilians to win the final victory in War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression.
Nie Rongzhen is so sad about the death of his lover, and he is so upset; 1980, when Nie Shuai began to write a long memoir, he clearly instructed the comrades who wrote the memoir: the victory of the struggle in Jinchaji was won by the heroic Jinchaji people and countless revolutionary martyrs. In my memoir, I must write more names of martyrs who died for my country. He recalled with deep affection: "Thousands of party member, Eighth Route Army soldiers (including many old Red Army soldiers) and guerrillas poured their blood into the land of Shanxi, Chahar and Hebei. What is particularly unforgettable is that in April of 1942, Comrade Liu, the head of the cavalry regiment in the military region, was also unfortunately killed.
On the occasion of the 55th anniversary of Liu's sacrifice, Nie Shuai instructed the general to write an article in memory of Comrade Liu. 1988 1 General completed the writing of the article "Memories of Liu, the head of cavalry". Nie Shuai, who is 90 years old, put on reading glasses and checked it himself, and signed it and published it in People's Daily.