What is the "four unique coins"? In fact, it is the nine-fold seal cutting of the new Wang Mang, Song Huizong, Jin Zhangzong and the Northern Song Dynasty, and the exquisite coins cast by the four dynasties.
At the end of the Western Han Dynasty, Wang Mang was willing to take the world by storm and usurp the Han Dynasty to establish a new dynasty. The Han dynasty was in danger, and the coins of the Han dynasty finally caught fire in the city gate. Wang Mang was not only satisfied with changing the dynasty, but also deliberately reformed the Togolese system in terms of currency. After five times, the result backfired, which eventually caused serious inflation and accelerated the collapse of the Xin Mang dynasty.
However, Wang Mang's coins have repeatedly produced excellent products in the history of coins in China.
"Big cloth and yellow money" is the product of Wang Mang's "treasure goods system" in the process of his third currency reform, and it belongs to one of the ten products of "cloth goods". This money is 5.4 cm long, with a flat head and a square foot, and its body is rectangular. Its waist is slightly concave, its head is round and its sides are girth. The money face is cast with the words "Big Cloth and Yellow Thousand", with smooth strokes, Shu Lang, even and decent layout and exquisite casting technology.
The main purpose of Wang Mang's last monetary reform was to give up the "Six Springs" and use "Goods Springs" and "Goods Cloth" instead.
The weight and value of the "ring of fire" are the same as those of the five castings in the Han Dynasty. It has a circular square hole with a diameter of 2.3 cm and an inner and outer contour. On the front of the money, the word "fire spring" is cast, which is a garter needle seal, clear and neat, and the middle of the word "spring" is interrupted vertically. In addition, the money of the same cake weighs several times, which is also a scarce product.
The world can't say no, but there are really few heroes beyond the times. Both Liu Xiu and Wang Mang, Emperor Guangwu of the Eastern Han Dynasty, believed in the theory of divination, so they also reached the same goal by different routes. According to Wei, if we play a word game and split the seal characters of "Fire Spring" from two to four, these four characters can be attached to "Baishui Real Person", which happens to be related to Baishui Town in Nanyang where Liu Xiu started his army. Therefore, after Liu Xiu ascended the throne, although he spent all the other money, he ignored the "goods spring" and kept casting, working in parallel with the industry for five baht 16 years. This is similar to what Wang Mang did in those days. Wang Mang usurped Han to stand on his own feet, and there was always a ghost in his heart. He believed that the Liu character of the Liu regime in the Han Dynasty was composed of "Mao, Jin and Dao", so he promulgated the decree that "bristles in the first month" (decorations made of gold, jade and peach wood in the early Han Dynasty) and gold knife coins were no longer allowed to pass, and abolished the previous five-baht coins, homemade wrong knife coins and Qi knife coins.
The "cargo cloth" is worth 25 pieces of "cargo spring". Like "Ten Cloth", it is coin-shaped, flat-headed, square-footed, and 6 cm long, with the word "cloth" on the surface. This sealing method is slim and beautiful, and it is both rigid and flexible. Later generations praised it as "the pen is round like dew, and the nib is like a hanging needle", which is comparable to the mechanism money in the late Qing Dynasty. Although it is imitation of pre-Qin cloth coins, it is extremely well made and represents the highest level of Wang Mang's cloth casting.
What's more, Wang Mang has also cast a rich man who pursues retro and has a strange shape. Its shape is a combination of five baht and pre-Qin knife coins, with a square hole on the top and a knife shape on the bottom, which is still called "knife coins". There are two main types of currency: "500 for one knife" is equivalent to 500 baht, and "5,000 for one knife" is equivalent to 5,000 baht. The words "Qi Dao" and "Yi Dao" are cast on the round money and read horizontally; "Five hundred" and "five thousand" are cast on the straight knife below, which also directly represents the currency value. Both of them, like Daq50, belong to "keeping value". Of course, after the release, it is the result of virtual value.
Because the value is extremely expensive, in order to prevent coins from being stolen, Wang Mang, a natural coin anti-counterfeiting expert, is ingenious. The word "one knife equals five thousand" is actually made of gold, so money is also called "Jin Cuodao". Unfortunately, this wrong gold technology has been lost.
Jin Cuodao is very famous in history. Zhang Heng has four poems: "The beauty gave me Jin Cuodao, how can I repay it?" By the time we saw the Eastern Han Dynasty, Jin Cuodao had become a precious collection. Li Bai has a saying, "Make someone else, my daughter Jin Cuodao" ("Reminiscing about the past, giving Jiang Yang a slaughterhouse"), and Han Yu has a saying, "Why do you need Jin Cuodao when you hear the song of Tao" ("Dangzhou Tanzhou"). Thus, once Jin Cuodao entered the poetry, he was extremely elegant and became a temporary theme of poetry.
Up to now, the most valuable copper coin in the history of our country is a "national treasure" praised by later generations as "the top of Gu Quan". This money should be cast by Wang Mang in his later period, in the shape of upper and lower circles. The upper part is round, with square holes, and the words "Golden Hall of National Treasure" are cast; The lower part is square shovel-shaped, and the word "Wan Zhi" is cast. The font is seal script, and the coins are very beautiful. According to the records in the history books at that time, 10,000 pieces of five baht can be exchanged for a catty of gold, and a "national treasure is worth 10,000" is worth a catty of gold. For various reasons, this coin has never been recorded in historical books of past dynasties. It was not until the twenty-seventh year of Guangxu in Qing Dynasty (A.D. 190 1) that a farmer in Xi 'an found two coins on the flat ground, and the world didn't know it existed.
These two pieces of money, one of which was bought by Zhang Shuxun, an ancient coin collector, are still missing. The other one was bought by Liu Ma, an Englishman, and later by Max Zhang, a Shanghai coin collector. Later, it was bought by the central government with a large sum of money, and now it is treasured in the Museum of Chinese History. This money is controversial. Because of its huge value, some people think that this money is not the money in circulation, but the money in the town vault, which exists briefly as a symbol to measure the number of coins in Wang Mang's vault.
Wang Mang's currency reform ended in failure, but it caused a "golden age" in the history of China's ancient coinage. Wang Mang was finally regarded as "the first master of coinage in the world" and was ridiculed as "Qian Sheng".
There is a saying that "mountains and rivers produce talents, each leading the way for hundreds of years."
This cannot but mention Song Huizong and Evonne. The king of subjugation is similar to Li Yu, the last emperor of the Southern Tang Dynasty. They are all literati emperors in "Talented Men and Beautiful Women", living in the last days, with a lot of fate, unwilling to do so, and lacking the power to save the world. Song Huizong, in particular, is famous for his piano, chess and calligraphy, especially for his calligraphy and painting. In calligraphy, Song Huizong can be said to be a great master. His original "thin gold book" iron-painted silver hook is unique in the history of calligraphy in China. People often say that words are like people, but Song Huizong's fat and fatuous image in the imperial atlas of past dynasties can hardly be compared with the thin golden body.
Song Huizong has a soft spot for coinage and likes to write Qian Wen with his original "thin gold book". His Grand View Bao Tong, Chongning Bao Tong and Xuanhe Bao Tong all became treasures of ancient coins because of Song Huizong's Thin Gold Book. It is a teaching aid for future generations to understand "Imperial Book Money". This kind of money is beautifully cast, and its casting technology and calligraphy art have reached a new peak in Qian Wen, becoming a must among ancient coins. Therefore, later generations juxtaposed Song Huizong with Wang Mang, giving him the reputation of "casting money for both saints". Therefore, later generations praised Song Huizong as "the second best moneymaker".
The coins of the Jin Dynasty can be described as vast plains and abrupt peaks.
After the founding of New China, Jin people have been using the money of Song and Liao Dynasties because of frequent wars and technical restrictions. In the second year (1 157), Zheng Long began to cast money independently. It may be hard to understand, but it's true. Jin people attach great importance to casting money. In order to ensure the quality, they also set up the post of "money supervisor" and plundered many craftsmen from the Central Plains at great expense. Therefore, gold coins are famous for their exquisiteness, especially the "Taihe Treasure" cast by Jin Zhangzong.
Jin Zhangzong, born in Hong Yanjing, was in office for 1 189- 1208. During his reign, he established rites and music, revised the criminal law, changed the official system, improved various systems of Sejong dynasty, set up a punishment department, set up a regular liquidation post, set up an imperial examination and built a Confucius temple. Jin Zhangzong's heroic culture is full of books, paintings and calligraphy by famous people. He is good at calligraphy, imitating Song Huizong's "thin body" and writing poems, and is known as one of the "emperors who know rhyme". Song Like Hui Zong, he has a high literary taste and aesthetic tendency. The coins he minted were naturally demanding, and inadvertently, he became a good coin minter.
Jin Zhangzong's unique coins are represented by "Taihe Chongbao". In the Northern and Southern Dynasties, Qian Wen's jade rib seal appeared, which is very different from the iron wire seal when Wang Mang minted coins. It's hard to tell the difference between the two. His brushwork is smooth and elegant, yet dignified and elegant. According to legend, it was written by the famous writers and calligraphers of the Jin Dynasty.
"Taihe Chongbao" has all the characteristics of good money. It is not only beautiful in Qian Wen, but also has a strong cast and clear outline. It can also compete with the later mechanism currency.
Qian Wen, a regular script written by Taihe Bao Tong in Jin Zhangzong, still has the legacy of Song Huizong's propaganda politics, and it is also a masterpiece.
Nine-fold seal characters in northern song dynasty. Song Dynasty is the most complicated period in the history of coins in China. A 10% discount on "Emperor Song Bao Tong" or "Ten% discount on Emperor Song" should be a gift, beautifully cast and small in quantity.
Therefore, future generations call the money made by New Wang Mang, Song Huizong and Jin Zhangzong "four unique coins", which was handed down in the Nine Dynasties in the Northern Song Dynasty and made by four generations, and it should be well deserved.