Collection of cultural relics in Qiantang Zhizhai Museum

In the epitaphs of the Northern Wei, Song, Ming and Five Dynasties, there are also many fine works. The epitaph of Zhang Fang's father, the owner of the original Zhai, known as the "three masterpieces of modern times", is a rare treasure, written by Zhang, written by Yu Youren Shudan and sealed by Wu Changshuo. Other Tibetan chronicles, though not all written by famous artists, are also crystal clear, with delicate words, vigorous and beautiful, or with smooth charm and gorgeous calligraphy. These stone records were collected by Zhang Fang from all over the country, mainly from Luoyang. Luoyang is known as the ancient capital of the 13th dynasty. From Xia Dynasty to Song and Ming Dynasties, it was a place where people gathered. Mangshan, north of the city, stretches from east to west 100 kilometers, vigorous and winding, with thick soil under water, suitable for burial. Therefore, all the dignitaries and wealthy businessmen in the past dynasties believed that Mangshan was a treasure trove of geomantic omen, and even people who died in the south of the Yangtze River even told future generations to bury North Mangshan thousands of miles away. Therefore, there is a folk saying that "he was born in Suzhou and Hangzhou and was buried in Beimang", so that "the hill of Beimang is full of Luoyang people's old graves" (see Wang Jian's Journey to Beimang). In the Tang Dynasty, Bai Juyi wrote the poem "The tomb of Beimang is high and craggy", which fully proved that "there is nowhere to lie cattle in Beimang" is not an exaggeration. It is also the tombs of these rich people that lead to the prevalence of grave robbery. Grave robbers are more important than robbing sacrificial objects, while heavy stones are neglected and lost to the people. At the foot of Mangshan Mountain, the excavated stones were abandoned in Tian She. In addition, due to the age, mountains and rivers are easier, tombs naturally collapse, exposed in the wild, or cultivated by farmers, and epitaphs are constantly unearthed and scattered to the homes of ordinary people. Zhang Fang noticed this, so he collected it extensively, broke the civil building and preserved it properly. Because he reached an agreement with Yu Youren in advance, Wei Zhi belongs to Tang Zhi, so he did it. Nearly 300 epitaphs of the Northern Wei Dynasty were returned to Yu Youren by Mr. Zhang Fang, transported back to their hometown in Sanyuan, Shaanxi by Yu Youren's family, and collected in Anbeilin after liberation. The Weibei, which is displayed in the monument gallery of Anbeilin, Xi, is made in Luoyang.

The epitaph began in the late Eastern Han Dynasty and flourished in the Northern Wei, Sui and Tang Dynasties. The epitaph records of the Eastern Han Dynasty and the Western Jin Dynasty are relatively simple, with only the name, the year of death and the place of burial. When Emperor Xiaowen of the Northern Wei Dynasty moved his capital to Luoyang, he carried out the policy of sinicization, promoted national integration, and stipulated that Tuoba could not be buried in the north after his death, so the nobles addressed him respectfully and looked for more places in the north. They are afraid that the dynasties will be more different, the tombs will change, and it will be difficult to find traces. Therefore, there are many tombs with aspirations for future generations to trace. Most of its epitaphs are covered, including dynasty, official position and surname; Stamped as a souvenir, engraved on it, detailing official position, name, ethnic origin, life story, burial time and place, spouse and children, and words of praise to the deceased, etc. Put it in front of the coffin of the deceased and bury it in the grave. Later, it gradually developed into a custom with many squares. The epitaph is divided into three parts, that is, the inscription, which generally indicates the owner's dynasty, official position, surname and native place, just like the title of the article. The second part is an inscription, which describes the owner's life experience and can be summarized in sixteen words, namely, lineage, life story, spouse's children, time and place of burial, namely, the content of mourning for the deceased, such as "He Cangtian, died."

There are thousands of Tang Zhi Ji written by Tang Zhizhai, which started from martial arts and Zhenguan, extended from the prosperous Tang Dynasty to the middle Tang Dynasty, and then to the late Tang Dynasty, including Wu Zetian's Gaiyuan and An Lushan's posthumous title. As masters, there are ministers with great personality, relatives of the country, royalty who cracked the land, provincial officials who ruled the buffer region, satrap who guarded the land, and humble officials who participated in Cao Cao. There are also Chu Shi celebrities who visit the park, real cave masters who know nothing about Zen, and Gong E talented women who live a bleak life in the inner palace and die of unknown name and place of origin. These epitaphs record all kinds of people and their social, political, economic, military, cultural, diplomatic and other aspects, providing extremely rare and precious information, which plays an important role in proving, correcting and supplementing history. Qian Zhai's epitaph has two functions, one is official history, and the other is reading. Qian Tang Zhi Zhai can be said to be a stone carving Tang book, the most primitive file in the Tang Dynasty, a magnificent picture of life in the Tang Dynasty and a wonderful history of the evolution of calligraphy in the Tang Dynasty. Qiantang Zhizhai is an excellent cultural heritage of the Chinese nation. It belongs to China and the world. Xu Guangzhong is responsible for the safety of cultural relics in the museum;

Daily work of Liu Haifeng Museum office and reception department;

Zhang Yanru is in charge of studying calligraphy and painting, literature and history. Qiantang Zhizhai has a collection of paintings and stone carvings from Zheng Banqiao, Dong Qichang, Mi Fei and Wang Duo, as well as close friends Wu Changshuo, Yu Youren and Kang Youwei, all of which are rare art treasures.

Qiantang Zhizhai is a scientific research base in Tang Shi, China, a pearl on the Central Plains tourism line, and a must-see place for Chinese and foreign experts, scholars and painting and calligraphy lovers. He has received party and state leaders Li, Li Changchun, Wang Zhaoguo, Buhe, Yang Chengwu, Gu Mu, Ma, Wang Enmao and Wang Bingqian. During Wu Zetian's reign, he used cruel officials such as Zhou Xing and Lai Junchen to kill innocent people. They accused Luo Zhi of attacking the gentry, landlords and old ministers of the Tang Dynasty who were dissatisfied with Wu Zetian, and many people died of injustice. Cheng Siyi's Epitaph of Chang 'an Three Years (AD 703) was in a yard, and Helan Wu Wen's Epitaph of Kaiyuan Nine Years (AD 723) was in Room 2, all of which recorded the shocking events of cruel officials extorting confessions and implicating innocent people. Please look at this passage in Cheng Siyi's epitaph: "At that time, there was a rebellion in foreign countries, and the demon spirit was not exhausted. The princes were imprisoned and injured countless times. Zhou Guan Tingwei, Ye is good at killing people ... or covering his head with his side feet on the road. From time to time, Prince Kun of the State of Wu was a shepherd, and Kun Li was a close friend of Lai Junchen. Further organization made you ask for advice, and Ji was trapped and killed ... "That is to say, Cheng Siyi, then a judge of the High Court, was instructed by Lai Junchen to fabricate charges and kill Kun Li. However, Cheng Siyi's "I would rather lose than pass, but I will be rehabilitated" aroused Lai Junchen's dissatisfaction and was punished instead. Another example is the epitaph of Cui Taizhi in the 11th year of Kaiyuan (AD 723), which is located at the right of Qiantang Zhizhai Corridor. It records that Prime Minister Zhang Jianzhi and others staged a coup, forcing Wu Zetian to turn to Zhongzong, while Dong Huaiyi, Zhong Shaojing's wife Xu Shi, Wang Chongli, Bai Zhili and Li Huai also recorded that Wei Hou conspired with his female princess Anle to die a loyal Sect and made Li Zhongmao emperor. Later, Li Longji led troops into the palace to kill Wei Hou. For example, Dong Huaiyi said, "Rebelling against thieves and horses, sneaking around with poison, and the middle Sect collapsed suddenly. Webster said that the system was controlled, and traitors took charge of the camp and lived together fiercely. Public clothes wore emperors, and customs were banned. After a while, everything became ugly. " The historical facts contained in these epitaphs can prove the books of the Tang Dynasty and have important reference value for us to understand the ever-changing political struggle before and after Wu came to power. In particular, Dong Huaiyi's epitaph, located in the west wall of Room 3, describes to us the fighting process of the volunteers leaping forward with guns, cutting off the customs, killing them in the palace and eradicating the anti-Party. Reading these inscriptions, we seem to "step into history in a blink of an eye and become ancient people". It is a thousand years after reading them, which makes people feel sad.

There are also many records about Anshi Rebellion in thousands of Tang Zhizhai's Tibetan chronicles. For example, in the thirteenth year of Zhenyun (AD 797), Zangye's epitaph recorded the battle between Tang Zhongchen and An Lushan rebels in Tongguan; Another example is the epitaph of Ma, a female Taoist priest in Luoyang Temple in the First Year of Five Rooms (AD 756), which shows us the tragic experience of how this "glorious and fragrant" female Taoist priest died at the hands of An Lushan's aides. Formerly known as Kaiyuan Temple, An Lushan invaded Luoyang and built the "Wu Sheng", and the temple was forced to change its name. Horses are called stunning beauties, and they are famous for their "natural beauty, caring heart, waving strings and dancing cranes, seven sets of long sleeves, playing bamboo and singing dragons for three days". However, this epitaph written for horses by Li Shiyu, another doctor of An Shi Rebellion, is even more ulterior, evasive and evasive, saying that horses "don't know what they are doing, they will ask heaven", which is obvious. The epitaph of Yuan Zhen, located in Room 2, showed us the great disaster brought to the people by the Anshi Rebellion in the fourth year of Dali (AD 769). "After careful consideration, thieves and ministers invaded Beijing, violently killed tigers, poisoned people and gods, and lost their position." People can't live in peace, and they can't be buried when they are dead. As a result, after Yuan Zhen's death, he had to "occupy the right in the orchard of Foguo Temple in the county (Yin He County)". In the thirteenth year of Zhenyuan (AD 797), Zangye's epitaph also recorded that after the Anshi Rebellion, there were many wars in the buffer region, which seriously threatened the rule of the Tang Dynasty. Said: "The traitor Zhu entered Chang 'an, and he was shocked by the heavens and the earth. "This confirms the historical fact that Chang 'an fell in the fourth year of the founding of the People's Republic of China (AD 783) and Dezong fled in panic. The chronicle also describes the tragic scene that Zangye's son was often stabbed by knives and arrows and bled and disfigured when he was protecting him. Because the Chang people took the lead in solving the difficulties, they made outstanding achievements in the war. Later, they were awarded the title of General Jia Dingyuan, a disaster relief hero by Dezong. They live in Dongguan County, Guangdong Province, and were born in Dongguan City, Guangdong Province. Today, there is a Zang surname in Dongguan, which is the descendant of Tang Zang. In addition, judging from the facts recorded in the epitaphs of Wang Cao Gaoli, Chen Jie and Cui Hongli, etc. In the literature collected by Qiantang Zhizhai, we can also see the counter-insurgency activities of Lasso, Liang Chongyi, Li Xilie and loyalists.